• Molecules and Cells
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.206-211
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• 2008

HI0381 of Haemophilus influenzae was investigated by circular dichroism (CD) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. HI0381 is a 153-residue peptidoglycan-associated outer membrane lipoprotein, and a part of the larger Tol/Pal network. Here, we report its backbone $^1H$, $^{15}N$, and $^{13}C$ resonance assignments, and secondary structure predictions. About 97% of all of the $^1HN$, $^{15}N$, $^{13}CO$, $^{13}C{\alpha}$, and $^{13}C{\beta}$ resonances covering 131 non-proline residues of the 134 residue, mature protein, were clarified by sequential and specific assignments. CSI and TALOS analyses revealed that HI0381 contains five ${\alpha}$-helices and five ${\beta}$-strands. To characterize the structure of HI0381, the effects of pH and salt concentration were investigated by CD. In addition, the structural changes occurring when HI0381 was in a membranous environment were investigated by comparing its HSQC spectra and CD data in buffer and in DPC micelles; the results showed that helix ${\alpha}4$ and strand ${\beta}4$ became aligned with the membrane. We conclude that the conformation of HI0381 is affected by the membrane environment, implying that its folded state is directly related to its function.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.384-390
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• 2013

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of wheat bran on the promotion of hair growth. When rat vibrissa follicles were treated with n-hexane fraction of wheat bran, the hair-fiber lengths of the vibrissa follicles significantly increased. Moreover, n-hexane fraction of wheat bran was found to significantly induce the telogen-anagen transition in C57BL/6 mice. The fraction increased the proliferation of immortalized vibrissa dermal papilla cells (DPCs) in a dose dependent manner. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms in relation to proliferation of DPCs by the fraction of wheat bran, we examined the expression of cell cycle proteins and wnt/${\beta}$-catenin signaling components. Western blot analysis revealed that the proliferation of DPC by n-hexane fraction of wheat bran was accompanied by increased the level of cyclin D1, cyclin E, phospho-CDK2 and phospho-pRB. In addition, the fraction of wheat bran increased the level of phospho(ser552)-${\beta}$-catenin, phospho(ser675)-${\beta}$-catenin and phospho(ser9)-GSK$3{\beta}$. These results suggest that the hair growing potential of wheat bran mediated by proliferation of DPCs via the regulation of cell cycle proteins and Wnt/${\beta}$-catenin signaling.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2016.11a
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• pp.129.1-129.1
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• 2016

반도체, 디스플레이, PC 등 전자기기의 경우 소자 내 발생된 열로 인해 기기의 성능 및 효율, 수명 등이 감소하기 때문에 이러한 내부 열을 외부로 방출시켜줄 필요가 있다. 일반적으로 heat pipe나 냉각 팬(fan) 등의 외부장치에 의해 강제적으로 냉각해주는 기술이 있지만 휴대용 디바이스와 같이 작은 전자기기의 경우 소자 자체적으로 열전도 특성이 뛰어난 기판을 사용하여 열전도에 의해 열이 소자 밖으로 방출될 수 있도록 방열 설계를 해주어야 한다. 따라서 소자 전체를 지지해주고 열전도에 의해 방열 기능을 해주는 방열기판에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 현재 가장 많이 사용되어지는 세라믹 방열기판으로는 알루미나가 있지만 보다 소자의 집적화와 고성능화로 인하여 열전도도가 높은 질화규소 기판의 요구가 증대되고 있다. 하지만 이러한 질화규소기판에 금속전극을 형성하는 기술은 종래의 알루미나 기판에 이용한 DPC(Direct Plated Copper), DBC(Direct Bonded Copper)기술을 적용할 수 없다. 그래서 현재는 메탈블레이징을 이용하여 전극을 형성하지만 공정비용 및 대형기판에 형성이 어려운 단점이 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 질화규소 방열기판에 전기화학공정을 통하여 밀착력이 우수한 금속 전극 회로층 형성에 대한 연구를 진행하였다. 질화규소 방열기판에 무전해 Ni 도금을 통하여 금속층을 형성하는데 이 때 세라믹 기판과 금속층 사이의 낮은 밀착력을 향상시키기 위해 습식공정을 통하여 표면처리를 진행하였다. 또한 촉매층을 $Pd-TiO_2$ 층을 이용하여 무전해 도금공정을 이용하여 Ni, 전극층을 형성하였다. 질화규소 표면에 OH기 형성을 확인하기 위해 FT-IR(Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy)분석을 실시하였으며 OH 그룹 형성 및 silane의 화학적 결합으로 인해 금속 전극층의 밀착력이 향상된 것을 cross hatch test 및 scratch test를 통해 확인하였고 계면 및 표면형상 특성 등을 분석하기 위해 TEM(Transmission electron microscopy), SEM(Scanning electron microscopy), AFM(Atomic-force microscopy)등의 장비를 이용하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.48-52
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• 2005

R&D Personnel information is constructed locally based on the needs of each institute and therefore is distributed over different databases. It does not support inter operability which makes it difficult to access and update that leads to the problem of ineffective usage. In this study, we have categorized the lower level information that forms the domestic S&T Personnel and defined the relationship between each type of information to suggest a standard for the data elements that guarantee the access to specific information in order to support inter operability. We have analyzed the human resource information database of domestic and foreign research institutes for the data modeling. We have also made reference to the standard metadata and database of other types that can be linked with the human resource information in designing the data elements. ISO/IEC 11179, the international standard for the metadata registry(MDR), was adopted to apply the object, attribute and expression to be described to the name of the data element.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.237-242
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• 2009

Pregnancy is a unique event in which a fetus develops in the uterus despite being genetically and immunologically different from the mother, and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. To analyze the differential gene expression profiles in nonpregnant and 7 days post coitus (dpc) pregnant uterus of mice, we performed a global proteomic study by 2-D gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and MALDI-TOF-MS. The uterine proteins were separated using 2-DE, Approximately 1,000 spots were detected on staining with Coomassie brilliant blue. An image analysis using Melanie III (Swiss Institute for Bioinformatics) was performed to detect variations in protein spots between pregnant and nonpregnant uterus. Twenty-one spots were identified as differentially expressed proteins, of which 10 were up-regulated proteins such as alpha-fetoprotein, chloride intracellular channel 1, transgelin, heat-shock protein beta-1, and carbonic anhydrase II, while 11 were down-regulated proteins such as X-box binding protein, glutathione S-transferase omega 1, olfactory receptor Olfr204, and metalloproteinase-disintegrin domain containing protein TECADAM. Most of the identified proteins appeared to be related with catabolism, cell growth, metabolism, regulation, cell protection, protein repair, or protection. Our results uncovered key proteins of mouse uterus involved in pregnancy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Biophysical Society Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.69-69
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• 2003

Human CD99 is a ubiquitous 32-kDa transmembrane protein encoded by the mic2 gene. The major cellular functions of CD99 protein are related to homotypic cell adhension, apoptosis, vesicular protein transport, and differentiation of thymocytes or T cells. Recently it has been reported that expression of a splice variant of CD99 transmembrane protein (Type I and Type II) increases invasive ability of human breast cancer cells. To understand structural basis for cellular functions of CD99 (Type I), we have initiated studies on hCD99$^{TMcytoI}$ and hCD99$^{cytoI}$ using circular dichroism (CD) and multi-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. CD spectrum of hCD99$^{TMcytoI}$ in the presence of 200mM DPC and CHAPS displayed an existence $\alpha$-helical conformation. The solution structure of hCD99$^{cytoI}$ determined by NMR is composed of one N-terminal $\alpha$-helix, $\alpha$A, two C-terminal short $\alpha$-helix segments, $\alpha$B and $\alpha$C. While $\alpha$A and $\alpha$B are connected by the long flexible loop, $\alpha$B and $\alpha$C connected by type III$\beta$-turn. Although it has been rarely figured out the correlation between structure and functional mechanism of hCD99$^{TMcytoI}$ and hCD99$^{cytoI}$, there is possibility of dimerization or oligomerization. In addition, the feasible mechanism of hCD99$^{cytoI}$ is that it could have intramolecular interaction between the N- and C- terminal domain through large flexible AB loop.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.134-142
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• 2021

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Dictyota coriacea extract and its active components such as 1,9-dihydroxycrenulide and epiloliolide on the hair growth. Treatment with D. coriacea extract and the hexane and EtOAc fractions of D. coriacea extract significantly increased the proliferation of dermal papilla cells (DPCs), a central regulator of the hair cycle. Especially, 1,9-dihydroxycrenulide and epiloliolide from D. coriacea extract, caused an increase in the DPC proliferation. When isolated rat vibrissa follicles were treated with 1,9-dihydroxycrenulide or epiloliolide for 21 d, the hair-fiber lengths for the vibrissa follicles increased. When examined the activity of 5α-reductase, which converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a main cause of androgenetic alopecia, the several solvent fractions of D. coriacea extract significantly decreased the 5α-reductase activity while 1,9-dihydroxycrenulide and epiloliolide scarcely inhibited 5α-reductase activity. In addition, we found that the D. coriacea extract and several solvent fractions of D. coriacea extract could not act as a K_ATP channel opener, which could be a contributory factor in the effect on hair growth. These results suggest that D. coriacea extract and 1,9-dihydroxycrenulide and epiloliolide, principals of D. coriacea, have the potential to treat alopecia via the proliferation of DPCs.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.25.1-25.14
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• 2022

Background: The commercially available Newcastle disease (ND) vaccines were developed based on Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates genetically divergent from field strains that can only prevent clinical disease, not shedding of virulent heterologous virus, highlighting the need to develop genotype-matched vaccines Objectives: This study examined the efficacy of the NDV genotype-matched vaccine, mIBS025 strain formulated in standard vaccine stabilizer, and in carboxymethyl sago starch-acid hydrogel (CMSS-AH) following vaccination via an eye drop (ED) and drinking water (DW). Methods: A challenge virus was prepared from a recent NDV isolated from ND vaccinated flock. Groups of specific-pathogen-free chickens were vaccinated with mIBS025 vaccine strain prepared in a standard vaccine stabilizer and CMSS-AH via ED and DW and then challenged with the UPM/NDV/IBS362/2016 strain. Results: Chickens vaccinated with CMSS-AH mIBS025 ED (group 2) developed the earliest and highest Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) NDV antibody titer (8log₂) followed by standard mIBS025 ED (group 3) (7log₂) both conferred complete protection and drastically reduced virus shedding. By contrast, chickens vaccinated with standard mIBS025 DW (group 5) and CMSS-AH mIBS025 DW (group 4) developed low HI NDV antibody titers of 4log₂ and 3log₂, respectively, which correspondingly conferred only 50% and 60% protection and continuously shed the virulent virus via the oropharyngeal and cloacal routes until the end of the study at 14 dpc. Conclusions: The efficacy of mIBS025 vaccines prepared in a standard vaccine stabilizer or CMSS-AH was affected by the vaccination routes. The groups vaccinated via ED had better protective immunity than those vaccinated via DW.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.183-187
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• 2003

Purpose : Long-term stress to the fetus causes alterations in adrenal steroidogenesis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the association of cord blood cortisol with stress during delivery. Methods : Cord blood samples were collected from 58 neonates at once to labor. Cortisol was measured by RIA method(DPC, USA). Cortisol level according to gestational age(<34, 34-37, >38 wks) and method of delivery(Cesarean section vs. vaginal delivery), Apgar score and uterine contraction, were compared to know stress during labor. Results : Cortisol of cord blood had considerable differences between each group, according to gestational age(P<0.001). It was statistically higher in the cases of vaginal delivery than cessarian delivery(P<0.001). The concentration of cortisol was significantly higher according to duration of labor (P<0.05). There was a significant relationship between cortisol level and uterine contraction(P<0.05). The concentration of cortisol was significantly low when Apgar score at 1 min was low(P<0.05). Conclusion : Cord cortisol has close association with stress during labor. And so do with post birth prognosis of neonate.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.128-134
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was conducted to determine the reference interval of serum thyroid hormones(TSH, $FT_3$, $FT_4$) in healthy Korean adults. Methods : Health examination data from 1,591 healthy Korean adults who visited an university hospital were analyzed. Patients with specific health conditions capable of altering laboratory results were excluded from the study. Serum thyroid hormones were measured using IMMULITE 2000 (DPC, USA, 2002). Subjects were 18-65 years old; 911 were male, and 690 were female. Results : The arithmetic means of TSH, $FT_3$, and $FT_4$ values for male subjects were $1.28{\pm}1.84\;{\mu}IU/ml$, $3.23{\pm}0.57\;pg/ml$, and $1.42{\pm}0.22\;ng/dl$, respectively. In female subjects, the arithmetic means of TSH, FT3, and FT4 values were $1.49{\pm}2.08\;{\mu}IU/ml$, $3.08{\pm}0.54\;pg/ml$, and $1.29{\pm}0.24\;ng/dl$, respectively. The arithmetic mean $FT_4$ value for males decreased with age (p<0.01). The arithmetic mean $FT_3$ value for females increased with age (p<0.01). The arithmetic mean thyroid hormone values of all study subjects differed significantly based on season. The arithmetic mean of male $FT_4$ decreased with increasing BMI (p<0.01). The arithmetic mean of female $FT_3$ increased with increasing BMI (p<0.01). The reference intervals recommended by the IMMULITE 2000 manufacturer are $0.40-4.00\;{\mu}IU/ml$ for TSH, 1.80-4.20 pg/ml for $FT_3$, and 0.80-1.90 ng/dl for $FT_4$ (same values for both genders). Conclusions : There was a significant difference in the interval of thyroid hormones between males and females, but the reference interval of IMMULITE 2000 was not established by gender. There is a need to reestablish the reference interval for thyroid hormones in Korean healthy adults.