• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1485-1496
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• 2006

Various kinds of related parameters on hypertension such as anti-oxygen effect, ACE, weight of body, hwart and kidney, blood pressure, heartbeat rates, contents of aldosterone, catecholamine, change rates, of plasma constituents, uric acid, BUN, creatinine were determined to verify the effects on hypertension by Kamisamul-tang (KSMT). And the results are concluded as follows. KSMT did not show any cytotoxicity at the range of concentration (1-250 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$) on the human fibroblast cell (hFCs). KSMT decreased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DPPH generation depending on the concentration. KSMT significantly inhibited angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) activity depending on the concentration compared with control. KSMT maintained body weight of body, heat and kidney nearly normal group in hypertensive rat induced by DOCA-salt. KSMT significantly blood pressure and heart beat rate compared with control in hypertensive rat induced by DOCA-salt. KSMT significantly decreased aldosterone, dopamine, norepineph- rine, epinephrine compared with control in hypertensive rat induced by DOCA-salt. KSMT significantly decreased the level of potassium and cloride compared with control wheareas increased that of calcium significantly in hypertensive rat induced by DOCA-salt. KSMT significantly decreased the level of uric acid and BUN compared with control in hypertensive rat induced by DOCA-salt. It is verified experimentally tat Kamisamultang(KMST) which has been used broadly as a clinical therapeutics in oriental medicine is effective for anti-hypertension mechanism. And it could be applied to develope the reliable prescriptions for anti-hypertension in the future.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.162-170
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• 2008

Kamisungihwalhyul-tang(KSHT) has been used for many years as a therapeutic agent for cerebrovascular disease and hypertension in Oriental Medicine. But the effect of KSHT on hypertension and reactive oxygen is not well-known. This study was examined to investigate the effect of KSHT on hypertension and reactive oxygen. After administering KSHT extract to Sprague- Dawley Rat forinjected subcutaneous with deoxycorticosterone acetate(DOCA) 8 weeks, changes in blood pressure, pulse rate, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, reactive oxygen species, angiotensin converting enzyme, aldosterone, catecholamine levels, electrolyte, uric acid, BUN, creatinine in plasma were examined, and immunohistochemical changes and scanning electron microscopic changes were observed. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) scavenging activity was increased, reactive oxygen species(ROS) was decreased in a KSHT concentration-dependent. Angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) inhibitory activity was increased in a concentration-dependent by KSHT. KSHT significantly decreased the blood pressure and heart rate in DOCA-salt hypertensive rat. KSHT significantly decreased the levels of aldosterone in DOCA-salt hypertensive rat. KSHT significantly decreased the level of dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine in DOCA-salt hypertensive rat. $Na^+$, $K^+$ and Cl- were decreased significantly, $Ca^{2+}$ was increased significantly by KSHT. KSHT significantly decreased uric acid, BUN, creatinine.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.1176-1184
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• 2007

Chunmagudeungeumgamibang(CGE) has been used for many years as a therapeutic agent for acute stage of cerebrovascular disease and hypertension in oriental medicine. But the effect of CGE on hypertension and vascular system is not well-known. This study was done to investigate the effects of CGE on hypertension. The results were obtained as follow : CGE showed a safety in cytotoxicity and toxicity of liver. CGE showed scavenging activity on DPPH free radical. CGE showed the inhibitory effect on ROS and ACE. CGE significantly decreased the blood pressure and pulse in DOCA-salt hypertensive rat. CGE significantly decreased the levels of aldosterone in DOCA-salt hypertensive rat. CGE significantly decreased the levels of dopamine, epinephrine in DOCA-salt hypertensive rat. CGE significantly decreased the levels of potassium and chloride in DOCA-salt hypertensive rat. CGE significantly increased the levels of calcium in DOCA-salt hypertensive rat. These results suggest that CGE might be effective in treatment and prevention of hypertension

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제1권5호
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• pp.547-553
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• 1997

It has been known that activation of tyrosine kinases is involved in signal transduction. Role of the tyrosine kinase in vascular smooth muscle contraction was examined in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent uninephrectomy, one week after which they were subcutaneously implanted with DOCA (200 mg/kg) and supplied with 1% NaCl and 0.2% KCl drinking water for $4{\sim}6$ weeks. Control rats were treated the same except for that no DOCA was implanted. Helical strips of carotid arteries were mounted in organ baths for measurement of isometric force development. Genistein was used as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Concentration-response curves to 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) shifted to the right by genistein in both DOCA-salt hypertensive and control rats. Although the sensitivity to genistein was similar between the two groups, the maximum force generation by 5-HT was less inhibited by genistein in arteries from DOCA-salt hypertensive rats than in those from controls. Genistein-induced relaxations were attenuated in arteries from DOCA-salt rats. Genistein affected the contraction to phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate (PDBu) neither in DOCA-salt nor in control arteries. These observations suggest that tyrosine kinase is involved in 5-HT-induced vascular contraction, of which role is reduced in DOCA-salt hypertension.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제4권5호
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• pp.379-383
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• 2000

Pathophysiological implications of the vascular nitric oxide (NO)/cGMP pathway in hypertension were investigated. Sprague-Dawley rats were made deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive for six weeks. The protein expression of endothelial constitutive NO synthase (ecNOS) and the tissue content of NO were determined in the thoracic aorta. The protein expression and catalytic activity of soluble guanylyl cyclase (GC) were also determined. Systolic blood pressure measured on the day of experiment was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control. The hypertension was associated with decreases in the vascular tissue content of NO metabolites, concomitantly with the expression of ecNOS proteins. The protein expression of GC was not affected, while its catalytic activity was significantly decreased in hypertension. These results indicate that the high blood pressure is associated with a decreased activity of vascular NO/cGMP pathway in DOCA-salt hypertension.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.158-169
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• 2003

The present study examined that in vivo test is investigated in sham-operated(control group) and aldosterone-analogue deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive animals(experimental group) and that the antihypertensive effect was induced by silver spike point(SSP) low frequency electrical stimulation at meridian points(CV-3, -4, Ki-12, SP-6, LR-3, BL-25, -28, -32, -52), specifically, such as diuretic action in 24 hour urine analysis from normal volunteer. The $Na^+$ and $Ca^{2+}$ ions were significantly increased in aldosterone-analogue DOCA-salt hypertensive rats than that in sham-operated rats. However, the $K^+$ ions were significantly decreased in aldosterone-analogue DOCA-salt hypertensive rats than that in sham-operated rats. The current of 1 Hz continue type of SSP low frequency electrical stimulation significantly increased in excretion of urine $Na^+$ and $K^+$ ions from normal volunteer. However, the excretion of $Ca^{2+}$ ion were significantly decreased by SSP electrical stimulation in volunteer. These results suggest that the development of aldosterone analogue-DOCA-salt hypertension is associated with changed $Na^+$, $K^+$ and $Ca^{2+}$ ions of urine. which directly affects blood pressure. Therefore, the hypertension is a risk factor on cardiovascular disease. Moreover, These results demonstrate that the SSP low frequency electrical stimulation, especially current of 1 Hz continue type, significantly regulates $Na^+$, $Ca^{2+}$ and $K^+$ ions from volunteer. Therefore, the SSP low frequency electrical stimulation is a good regulator through a diuretic action of aldosterone-induced hypertension.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.147-151
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• 2004

The present study was undertaken to determine the regulation of heat shock proteins (HSP) in the kidney in hypertension. Two-kidney, one clip (2K1C) or deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertension was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats. At weeks 1 and 4 after inducing the hypertension, the expression of HSP70, HSP32 and HSP25 was determined in the kidney by Western blot analysis. In 2K1C hypertension, the expression of HSP70, HSP32 and HSP25 was increased in the clipped kidney at both weeks 1 and 4. However, in the contralateral kidney, their expression was not significantly altered at week 1, but increased at week 4. In DOCA-salt hypertension, the expression of HSP remained unaltered in the remnant kidney at week 1, but significantly increased at week 4. These results indicate that HSP are differentially regulated in the kidney according to the duration and the model of hypertension.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.253-258
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• 2001

The present study was aimed to examine whether the expression of renin is associated with that of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the kidney. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were made two-kidney, one clip (2K1C) or deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive, to stimulate or to inhibit the endogenous renin-angiotensin system, respectively. The expression of renin and COX-2 mRNA was determined in the cortex of the kidney by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. 2K1C hypertensive rats showed an increased expression of renin as well as of COX-2 in the clipped kidney. The expression of renin was decreased in parallel with that of COX-2 in the contralateral non-clipped kidney. Removal of the renal arterial clip reversed the expression of both genes, along with the blood pressure, to the control level. On the other hand, DOCA-salt hypertension was associated with parallel decreases of renin and COX-2 expression. These results indicate that renin and COX-2 genes are coordinately expressed in the kidney.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.504-510
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• 2007

Kamicheonmagudeungeum(KCGE), a traditional herbal medicine, has been used as a therapeutic agent for the treatments of acute stage of hypertension. We evaluated the effects of KCGE on hypertension induced by DOCA-salt in rats. The systolic blood pressure and pulse rate significantly lowered by oral administration with KCGE. The levels of plasma hormones including dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine, and serum electrolyte were also reduced in KCGE treated rats. In addition, the production of reactive oxigen species (ROS) were greatly decreased by the treatment with KCGE in cultured bovine endothelial cells and angiotensine converting enzyme (ACE) activites were also inhibited by KCGE in a dose dependent manner. This study indicated that KCGE is a safe and effective treatment for hypertension.

• 약학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.82-91
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• 1987

The effect of neurotoxic compound 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) on the change in blood pressure and contractile response of Vas deference by centrally acting agents has been studied in normal and DOCA-salt induced hypertensive rats. The treatment of neonatal rats with 6-OHDA (2$\times$100mg, 250mg Kg$^{-1}$s.c) significantly inhibited the antihypertensive and relaxant effects of Vas deference of clonidine(100$\mu\textrm{g}$ Kg$^{-1}$iv.). The simultaneous administration of desipramine with clonidine into neonatal rats decreased the antihypertensive response of clonidine although treated did not affect the relaxative response of Vas deference. Furthermore, the antihypertensive and relaxant responses of clonidine were reduced by the neonatal rats with 6-OHDA regardless of the administration of desipramine. When neonatal rats were administered with 6-OHDA, the development of DOCA-salt hypertension was prevented. These results suggest that 6-OHDA, clonidine and desipramine hada significant effect on the development and the inhibition of central hypertension mediating the central adrenergic neuron due to their affinity to the central nervous system.