• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.793-799
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• 2012

This study was conducted to examine the antioxidative effect and nitrite scavenging ability of extract from Acanthopanax cortex shoot. The total phenolic compound and flavonoids contents of extract from Acanthopanax corex shoot were $116.33{\pm}6.09mg\;GAE/g$ and $65.07{\pm}4.10mg\;RE/g$, respectively. Antioxidative activities were measured by various in vitro models such as DPPH radical scavenging activity, FRAP, reducing power, ABTS radical scavenging activity, ORAC assay. This results showed that the extract of Acanthopanax cortex shoot was effective in scavenging radicals and protecting oxidation when assessed various in vitro systems. Similarly, the nitrite scavenging ability of extract was increased in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, ORAC value at a concentration of $0.1mg/m{\ell}$ was $103.4{\pm}5.6{\mu}M\;TE/g$. Considering high consumer demand beneficial health effects, Acanthopanax cortex shoot can be utilized to develop functional food health-promoting and natural antioxidant agents.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.454-458
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• 2005

여름철 집중강우시 유입되는 고탁수층은 저수지의 밀도성층으로 인하여 표수층 하부에 위치하며, 이를 적기에 배제하지 않을 경우에는 수평방향의 확산현상과 연직방향의 전도현상으로 인해 저수지 전역에 분포하게 되어, 탁수현상의 장기화를 유발한다. 일본 사메우라댐의 경우에는 1977년 9월 태풍 17호에 의한 집중호우로 대량의 고탁수가 유입되어 하류하천으로의 댐 방류수의 고탁도현상이 장기간 지속된 바 있다. 이와 같은 탁수장기화에 대한 저수지내 대책의 하나로서 홍수유입후 탁도가 높은 물을 단기간동안 방류하고, 갈수기에는 탁도가 낮은 물을 방류하는 선택취수 개념이 제안된 바 있다. 국내의 임하댐의 경우에도 2002년 태풍 '루사'와 2003년 태풍 '매미'로 인해 발생한 탁수가 전도현상을 거치며 저수지내 전수층에 확산됨으로써 댐방류수의 고탁도현상이 장기화된바 있다. 이로 인하여 댐하류에 위치한 안동시 용상정수장의 동절기 정수처리 장애로 2003년 11월이후 약 160여일동안 댐방류가 중단된 바 있다. 임하댐의 경우에도 탁수장기화에 대한 대책으로서 홍수기 고탁수층을 우선배제한 후, 저수지내에 유입되는 청수을 담수함으로써 이를 방지할 수 있다. 이러한 선택취수 기법은 동일한 수리동역학적 개념을 적용하여 하류하천의 냉해문제를 대비하기 위한 방법으로 표층의 온수를 선택방류하는 데에도 이용될 수 있다. 이와 같은 선택취수를 효율적으로 수행하기 위해서는 취수시설에 접근하는 밀도흐름을 정확하게 이해하고 있어야 한다. 또한 취수탑 인근에서의 온도 및 탁도 등의 연직분포를 실시간으로 파악할 수 있는 자동수질측정시스템이 구축되어 있어야 한다. 현재 임하댐의 경우, 하류하천의 수질을 고려한 효율적인 탁수배제를 위하여 상류 유입부 2개소, 발전취수탑 전면 1개소, 조정지댐 1개소 등 총 4개의 자동수질측정시스템이 설치되어 탁도와 온도가 실시간으로 모니터링되고 있으며, 향후 강우시 저수지에서의 밀도흐름을 보다 정밀하게 모니터링하기 위하여 저수지내 4개의 주요지점에 추가적으로 설치될 예정이다. 이와 같은 자동측정시스템과 더불어 주기적인 세부 수질조사를 실시하면 저수지내의 온도성층 변화와 탁수층 분포를 매우 정확하게 파악할 수 있으며, 호소의 수질모형과 연계하여 강우시 탁수 도달시간과 탁수량을 사전에 예측할 수도 있다. 또한 이와 같은 기초적인 정보를 바탕으로 하류하천의 탁수 피해를 최소화할 수 있는 선택취수탑의 운영방안을 수립할 수 있다 본 연구에서는 이를 위해 선택취수탑 주위의 성층흐름을 기존의 실험자료와 수치해석을 통하여 분석하였고, 온도성층구조나 취수구의 위치변화에 따른 방류수 수질특성을 조사하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.156-160
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• 2002

Purpose : To evaluate the results and usefulness of meniscal repair using meniscal arrows with ACL reconstruction. Material and Methods : Among cases of the simultaneous meniscal arrow fixation and ACL recontruction performed between May, 1997 and September, 2000, 17 cases could be evaluated. The average follow-up were 18.5 months. Twelve cases were medial meniscus, 5 cases, lateral meniscus. All cases were longitudinal tear. Meniscal tear were seen at red-red zone in 13 cases, red-white zone in 5 cases. The results were analyzed by pain, joint line tenderness, locking, McMurray test, the Marshall knee scoring scale and complications. Results : Postoperatively two patients had mild joint line tenderness without pain on joint motion or weight bearing. No patient had locking or positive McMurray test. At last follow-up, 15 cases $(88\%)$ were 'excellent' or 'good' according to the Marshall knee score scale. There were two complications which are soft tissue irritation sign on active knee motion and a femoral chondral injury due to protruded T-shaped head of meniscus arrow. Conclusion : Meniscus arrow can be one of the options in repairing the associated meniscus tear, especially the posterior horn of medial meniscus, during ACL reconstruction. However, surgeons using meniscus arrow should be aware of its potential complications such as pain due to soft tissue irritation and chondral damage of the femoral condyle.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.148-160
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• 2003

TMA(Tissue Mineral Analysis) is very popular method in hair mineral analysis for health care professionals in over 48 countries medical center. Assesment of nutritional minerals and toxic elements in the hair is very important not only for determining adequacy, deficiencies and unbalance, but also for assessing their relative relationships in a body. In Korea, there are some problems in TMA method. Because of not haying a medical information database which is suitable for korean to do analyze, the requested TMA has to send to TEI-USA. However, as the TMA results from TEI-USA is composed of English documents and graphic files prohibited to open, its usability is very low and a lot of dollars has to be payed. Also, it can make some problems in the reliability of the TMA results, since the TMA results are based on the database of western health and mineral standards, To solve these problems, I developed the first Medical Information System of TMA in Korea here. The system can analyze the complex tissue mineral data with multiple stage decision tree classifier. It is also constructed with multiple fuzzy database and hence analyze the TMA data by fuzzy inference methods. The effectiveness test of this systems can be shown the increased business efficiency and satisfaction rate 86% and 92% respectively.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.94-99
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• 2004

Radiochromic film has several advantages; high spatial resolution, relatively low spectral sensitivity, near tissue equivalence and requires no special development procedure. The object of this study was to measure the anisotropy of an Ir-192 source (microSelectron manufactured by Nucletron) in a few mm regions from the source, using the GafChromic film. The GafChromic film was calibrated in the range of 0∼105 Gy, using a 4 MV photon beam, and the anisotropy function measured in an acrylic phantom using the GafChroimic film. The data obtained gave agreement to within 4.4% of the Monte Calro calculation, by J. F. Williamson, at a radial distance of 2.5 mm with polar angles of 50 to 130$^{\circ}$, while a maximum deviation of 17.6% was observed at angles near 140$^{\circ}$and agreement within 3.7% at a radial distance of 5 mm at polar angles between 35 to 150$^{\circ}$ and a maximum deviation of 7.6% was observed at angles near 30$^{\circ}$. A GafChromic film can be used as a more efficient detector for measuring the anisotropy of an HDR $^{192}$ Ir source at close distances than any other detector.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.153-160
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• 2009

Purpose : The intestinal mucosal defect has been known as one of the pathogenicmechanisms of IgA nephropathy. Oral antigens usually induce the activation of Th2 cells and mast cells. These cells secrete cytokines IL-4, IL-5 and TGF-$\beta$, which increase IgA production. Although ketotifen (benzocycloheptathiophene) is an H1 antagonist and a mast cell membrane stabilizer, it could protect the gastrointestinal membrane through inhibiting the production of IL-4, IL-5, PGE2, and LTB4, and decreasing the activity of nitric oxide synthease. Therefore, we have investigated if ketotifen may protect the development of IgA nephropathy with an oral antigen. Methods : ICR mice were used as an animal model orally with Poliovax only [ketotifen (-)], the other group was given oral ketotifen [ketotifen (+)] in addition to Poliovax. Results : Mesangial IgA deposition developed in 11 out of the 18 mice in the ketotifen (-) group, while in three out of the nine mice in ketotifen (+) group. The mesangial change developed in 16 out of the 18 mice in the ketotifen (-) group, while in five out of the nine mice in the ketotifen (+) group. Serum IL-4 and IL-5 levels were not significantly lower in the latter group than in the former. Conclusion : According to the statistical results from the above, ketotifen therapy would be beneficial to reducing mesangial changes in IgA nephropathy.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.245-250
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• 2008

On April 4 to 6, 2005, there was a huge fire in Yangyang-gun, Kangwon-do, Korea, which burned over 250ha of forests and 246 buildings including 160 houses. The effects of reseeding rate and timing on productivity and nutritive value of forages in the forest fire burnt pasture in this study were investigated. The effect of reseeding could not be seen in the burnt pastures in terms of forage productivity and quality in short term but there was a long-term effect particularly with higher reseeding rates at later days after the fire on forage botanical composition. We concluded that forest fire brought reduction in pasture forage yield for a short period but it did not make a significant effect for a long term.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.148-158
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• 2000

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the back shape of school children using the phase-shifting scanning grating projection moire interferometer, which was developed by the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology and is useful in evaluating three dimensional back shape. Methods : In this study the subjects consisted of 1,358 pupils [711 boys(52.36%), 647 girls(47.64%)] attending elementary and middle schools in Seoul. Their ages ranged from nine to fifteen and the average age was 12.2. With the phase-shifting scanning grating projection moire interferometer, the posterior view of the body were taken to see if there are correlations of moire fringe number, width difference between left and right, and correlation between differences in moire fringe number and width on both sides in the scapular, lumbar and gluteal regions. Results : The results were as follows : I. More frequent findings of fringe were observed on the right in all regions : in the scapular region, 309 boys(43.4%) and 156 girls(24.2%) had more fringe numbers on the right side; in the lumbar region, 68 boys(9.5%) and 11 girls(1.7%); and in the gluteal region, 160 boys(22.4%) and 63 girls(9.8%). Such tendency was striking especially in the scapular and lumbar regions, and in boys rather than in girls. In the scapula, 661 subjects(48.7%) with one moire fringe on either side need further attention and 110 subjects(8.I %) with two or more are required to do follow-up radiography for scoliosis. 2. In an analysis of width difference in the trunk, the left side is wider in all regions except for the gluteal region in boys : in the scapular region 21 boys(3.0%) and 103 girls(15.9%); in the lumbar region, 87 boys(12.2%) and 250 girls(38.6%); and in the gluteal region 197 girls(30.4%) had a wider left side and 45 boys(6.3%) showed a wider right side. 3. In correlation analysis of the number of moire fringe and width difference in each region, the side where more moire fringes were observed was significantly wider in the lumbar and gluteal regions, but not in the scapular region.(p<0.01) Conclusions : From these results, it is concluded that the back shape of elementary and middle school students in Seoul shows that the right side had more moire fringes; the left side was wider; and especially in the lumbar and gluteal regions the side where more moire fringes were observed was wider.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.933-938
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• 2007

An experiment was conducted to study the laying performance, shell quality, bone mineralization, hatchability of eggs and performance of progeny (weight at day one and 14 d of age, P content in day old chick, leg score and survivability of chicks) of synthetic broiler breeders fed different levels of non-phytate phosphorus (NPP). Six levels of NPP (1.2, 1.8, 2.4, 3.0, 3.6 and 4.2 g/kg diet) at a constant calcium (Ca) level (30 g/kg) in a maize-soya-deoiled rice bran based diet were tested. Levels of dicalcium phosphate, shell grit and deoiled rice bran were adjusted to achieve the desired levels of NPP and Ca. Each level of NPP was fed with a weighed quantity of feed (160 g/b/d) to 40 female broiler breeders from 25 to 40 weeks of age housed in individual cages. Each bird was considered as a replicate. Egg production, feed/egg mass, body weight, egg weight, shell weight, shell thickness, egg specific gravity, serum Ca content and tibia breaking strength were not influenced (p>0.05) by the variation in dietary NPP levels tested. Increasing the dietary levels of NPP did not influence the hatchability of eggs, phosphorus (P) contents both in egg yolk and day old chick, chick body weight at day one and 14 d of age, leg score and survivability of chicks up to 14 d of age. Maximum response ($p{\leq}0.01$) in shell breaking strength, tibia ash and serum inorganic P contents were observed at NPP levels of 2.09, 2.25 and 3.50 g per kg diet, respectively. The retention of Ca increased, while the P retention decreased ($p{\leq}0.01$) with increasing dietary levels of NPP. Though maximum responses in shell breaking strength, bone ash and serum inorganic P were observed at NPP higher than 1.2 g/kg diet, the broiler breeder performance in terms of egg production, shell quality, hatchability of eggs and progeny performance and their survivability was not influenced by dietary NPP concentrations. It is concluded that synthetic broiler breeders maintained in cages do not require more than 1.2 g NPP/kg diet with a daily intake of 192 mg NPP/b/d during 24 to 40 weeks of age.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.145-160
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• 2003

Objective : This study was designed to find out whether placebo auricular acupuncture is able to be constituted as an appropriate control group for needle insertion to Korean. Methods : We performed a randomized controlled, single-blind study(n=48) comparing subjective evaluations of needles insertion and avoidance of needles insertion. Both ears were needled concurrently, one real acupuncture(needle insertion) and the other placebo acupuncture(avoidance of needle insertion with blunt tip). Subjects then completed a questionnaire rating the intensity of five sensations in each ear, and also attempted to identity which ear received placebo and which ear received real acupuncture. Results : As for the effects of real and placebo acupuncture on each item(Warmth, Fullness, Pain, Activity, Radiating), real acupuncture was significantly warmer, fuller, more painful than placebo acupuncture. In particular, the real acupuncture only in experienced acupuncture recipients was significantly warmer, fuller, more painful than placebo acupuncture. About the ability to differentiate real and placebo acupuncture, 54.2 percent correctly identified which ear received real acupuncture and which ear received placebo acupuncture. However, the ability to differentiate real and placebo acupuncture for naive and experienced acupuncture recipients was not significantly different. Conclusions : Most of the subjects(Korean) identified which ear received placebo and which ear received real acupuncture. We found that this placebo auricular acupuncture is not able to be applied to Korean, in particular for experienced acupuncture recipients. Further study is needed for new placebo auricular acupuncture or racial difference between American.