• Title/Summary/Keyword: DNP3.0

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Effects of a Dysphagia Nursing Protocol on Reducing Aspiration Pneumonia and Improving Daily Activity Dependency in Patients with Acute Stroke (급성기 뇌졸중 환자에게 적용한 '연하 장애 간호 프로토콜'이 흡인성 폐렴 발생율과 일상생활 의존율에 미치는 효과)

  • Han, Jung-Hee;Lee, Gee-Eun;Jun, Joo-Hyun;Lim, Yoo-Jin;Yoon, Eun-Jin;Kim, Yeo-Ok
    • Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.304-313
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    • 2015
  • Purpose: Aspiration pneumonia (AP) is the major complication of dysphagia in patients with acute stroke. Nursing management for dysphagia influences on patients' health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate the effects of Dysphagia Nursing Protocol (DNP) for patients with acute stroke. We aimed to examine the incidence of AP and the dependency rate at the discharge. Methods: We used a non-equivalent control group posttest only design in this study. DNP was developed with content validity index > 0.75 in all items. This protocol was composed of the evaluation, education, complication prevention, and checking phases. After training the staff nurses, we applied DNP protocol to the experimental group. The control group was enrolled from June to August 2013 (n=80), and the experimental group was June to August 2014 (n=64). Results: The incidence of AP was 16.3% in control group while 4.7% in experimental group (p=.028), and the Odds Ratio (OR) was 0.26 (p=.045). The dependency ratio was 66.3% in control group while 43.8% in experimental group (p=.011), and the OR was 0.33 (p=.011). Conclusion: DNP was beneficial for the reducing the risk of AP and the improved the functional status.

Antiallergic Action of Magnolia Officinalis on Immediate Hypersensitivity Reaction

  • Shin, Tae-Yong;Kim, Dae-Keun;Chae, Byeung-Suk;Lee, Eon-Jeong
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.249-255
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    • 2001
  • We studied the effect of aqueous extract of Magnolia officinalis bark (Magnoliaceae) (MOAE) on the immediate hypersensitivity reaction. MOAE (0.01 to 1g/kg) dose-dependently inhibited compound 48/80 induced systemic anaphylaxis in rats. MOAE (0.1 and 1g/kg) also significantly inhibited local immunoglobulin E (lgE)-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylactic reaction. When MOAE was pretreated at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1g/kg, the levels of plasma histamine were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. MOAE (0.001 to 1 mg/ml) dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) activated by compound 48/80 or anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) Igl. The level of cyclic AMP (CAMP) in RPMC, when MOAE was added, significantly increased compared with that of the normal control. Moreover, MOAE (0.01 to 1 mg/ml) had a significant inhibitory effect on anti-DNP Igl-induced tumor necrosis factor-$\alpha$ production from RPMC. These results indicate that MOAE inhibits immediate hypersensitivity reaction in vivo and in vitro.

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The Development of Power System Automation based on the CAN Communication Protocol (CAN 통신을 기반으로한 전력 시스템 자동화 구축)

  • Park, Jong-Chan;Kim, Beung-Jin
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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    • v.52 no.3
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    • pp.95-99
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    • 2003
  • In this paper, the power system automation based on CAN communication protocol is introduced. Along with digitalization of electrical device, the various on-line services such as remote control, remote monitoring, remote parameter setting, fault data recording and remote diagnostic have been realized and become available. Therefore, it is necessary for those electrical devices to have real-time and reliable communication protocols. Author proposes DNPC(Distributed Network Protocol with CAN) which is proper to the power system SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) and DCS (Distributed Control System). The physical and datalink layer of DNPC protocol consists of the CAN2.0B which has the real-time characteristics and powerful error control scheme. As the transport and application layer, DNP3.0 is adopted because of its flexibility and compatible feature. Using the DNPC protocol, the power system automation is realized.

Studies on in vivo Nitrate Reduction in Rye (Secale cereale L.) Seedlings Treated with 2,4-Dinitrophenol II. Effect of 2,4-Dinitrophenol on in vivo Nitrate Reductase Activity in the Roots of Rye Seedlings (2,4-Dinitrophenol을 처리한 호밀(Secale cereale L.) 유식물의 질산염 환원에 관한 연구 II. 호밀 유식물 뿌리의 질산염 환원효소 활성에 대한 2,4-Dinitrophenol의 영향)

  • 조규찬
    • Journal of Plant Biology
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    • v.34 no.4
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    • pp.283-288
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    • 1991
  • This work was carried out to determined the effect of 2,4-dinitrophenol(DNP) on in vivo nitrate reductase activity in the root of 6 day old rye (Secale cereale L.) seedlings. The nitrate reductase activity in the roots of 6 day old rye seedlings pretreated with 0.5 mM DNP was higher than that of the control group in all the experimental conditions. The optimal concentration of KNO3 for maximum nitrate reductase activity was 10 mM in both control and treated group. The nitrate reductase activity in the treatment of 10 mM KNO3 gradually increased for 4 h in both groups, and then maintained constantly. The nitrate reductase activity occurred per hour was highest at 1 h in both groups, while it was declined by large degrees as time goes on. The daily pattern of nitrate reductase activity was gradually decreased in both groups with the passage of day. The optimal pH for this experiment and a previous paper (Kwon et al., 1991), it was determined that the nitrate reductase activity in both roots and shoots of rye seedlings was increased by the treatment of 0.5 mM DNP, and particulary in both groups, the nitrate reductase activity in the roots of rye seedlings was higher than that in shoots of them.

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Action of enzyme food, Green Life Enzyme on systemic and local anaphylaxis

  • Moon, Phil-Dong;Na, Ho-Jeong;Kim, Hyung-Min
    • Advances in Traditional Medicine
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.46-50
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    • 2003
  • We studied the inhibitory effect of Green Life Enzyme (GLE) on compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic response in a murine model. GLE inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylactic shock at the dose of 10 g/kg by 87.5%. When GLE was given as pre-treatment at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1.0 g/kg, it inhibited passive cutaneous anaphylaxis activated by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE. In addition, GLE (0.1 mg/ml) inhibited anti-DNP IgE-induced tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ production from mast cells by 69% compared to saline value. These results indicate that GLE may possess anti-anaphylactic and anti-inflammatory activity.

Electric Power IT Gateway Platform based on Embedded Linux (임베디드 리눅스 기반의 전력 IT 게이트웨이 플랫폼)

  • Chun, Dae-Won;Song, Byeong-Kwon;Jeong, Tae-Eui;Kim, Gun-Woong
    • Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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    • 2007.10d
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    • pp.376-380
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    • 2007
  • 본 논문은 산업용으로 널리 사용되고 있는 DNP3.0(Distributed Network Protocol)과 국가 긴급 재난망으로 사용되고 있는 TETRA(Terrestrial Trunked Radio)간의 소프트웨어 및 하드웨어 인터페이스를 정의하였다. 전재 사용중인 DNP3.0의 전송 방식의 문제점을 살펴보고, 이에 대한 해결방안으로써 TETRA를 제안함으로써 좀 더 안정적인 데이터의 전송과 TETRA 망의 이용 극대화를 이룰 수 있다.

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The Antiallergic and Antioxidative Effects of Chaenomeles Sinensis (CS) in RBL 2H3 Cells (목과(木瓜) 추출물이 항알레르기 및 항산화 작용에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Seung-Yeon
    • The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.126-136
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    • 2010
  • Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the antiallergic and antioxidative effects of Chaenomeles Sinensis (CS). Methods CS pretreatments inhibited anti-DNP IgE in RBL-2H3 mast cells for an hour. we measured cell viability, $\beta$-hexosaminidase release, IL-4, TNF-$\alpha$ secretion, and IL-4, TNF-$\alpha$ mRNA expression CS pretreatments inhibited DNP-HSA($10\;{\mu}g/ml$) for ten minutes, we measured Dicholrodihydrofluorescein(DCF) and DPPH radical-scavenging activity in 0.5 mM 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrydrazyl(DPPH) radical solution, 0.1ml, 99% ethanol 0.8ml, and CS 0.1 ml mixed solution. Results 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 mg/ml CS treatments were not affect on cell viability and inhibited b-hexosaminidase release, IL-4, TNF-$\alpha$ secretion, CS treatments also decreased IL-4, TNF-$\alpha$ mRNA expression in RBL-2H3 cells. CS treatments inhibited reactive oxygen species(ROS) and DPPH radical-scavenging activity. Conclusions These results suggest that CS may be useful for the prevention or treatment of allergic disease.

A Study of Accumulated Ecosystem Carbon in Mt. Deogyusan, Korea (덕유산의 생태계 탄소축적량 산정에 관한 연구)

  • Jeong, Seok-hee;Eom, Ji-young;Jang, Ji-hye;Lee, Jae-ho;Cho, Koo-hyun;Lee, Jae-seok
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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    • v.33 no.4
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    • pp.459-467
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    • 2015
  • Understanding of a carbon storage in a regional scale ecosystem is a very important data for predicting change of global carbon cycle. Therefore, the real data collected in the various ecosystems are a very useful for enhancing accuracy of model prediction. We tried to estimate total accumulated ecosystem carbon in Deogyusan National Park (DNP) with naturally well preserved ecosystem. In DNP, vegetations were classified to four main communities with Quercus mongolica community (12,636.9 ha, 54.8%), Quercus variabilis community (2,987.0 ha, 13.0%), Pinus densiflora community (5,758.0 ha, 25.0%), and Quercus serrata community (402.9 ha,1.7%). Biomass and soil carbons were estimated by the biomass allometric equations based on the DBH and carbon contents of litter and soil (0~30 cm) layers collected in 3 plots ($30cm{\times}30cm$) in each community. The biomass and soil carbons were shown as high value as 1,759,000 tC and 7,776,000 tC, respectively, in Quercus mongolia community in DNP area. In Quercus mongolica, Quercus variabilis, Quercus serrata, Pinus densiflora communities, the accumulated ecosystem carbon were shown 9,536,000 tC, 1,405,000 tC, 147,000 tC, 346,000 tC, respectively. Also, the total ecosystem carbon was estimated with 11,434,000 tC in DNP.

Eosinophil and IgE responses of IL-5 transgenic mice experimentally infected with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis

  • Chai, Jong-Yil;Shin, Eun-Hee;Takatsu, Kiyoshi;Matsumoto, Naoki;Kojima, Somei
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • v.37 no.2
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    • pp.93-99
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    • 1999
  • Eosinohil and IgE responses of interleukin IL(-5 transgenic and normal C3H/HeN mice were studied after experimental infection with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis 9Nb). Intestinal worms were recovered at day 5 post-infection (PI), and numbers of total white blood cells (WBC) and eosinophils, and total serum IgE and anti-hapten (dinitrophenyl)(DNP) specific IgE titers, were measured at days 0,14 and PI. IL-5 mice appeared resistant to Nb infection showing a significantly ower worm recovery rate than normal mice (P<0.05). Total WBC and eosinophil counts (/mm3) were significantly increased in Nb infected normal mice (p<0.05), but unchanged (total WBC) or decreased (eosinophils) in IL-5 mice at day 21 PI. The total serum IgE level remarkably increased in normal mice, but only a little in IL-5 mice at days 14 and 21 PI. Priming with DNP brought about more remarkable increases of the total and anti-DNP specific IgE in normal mice than in IL-5 mice. The results show that IL-5 mice are resistant to Nb infection, and that eosinophil and IgE responses in these mice are not augmented by N infection.

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Development of the Gateway in IEC61850 based Substation for Smart Grid (스마트 그리드용 IEC61850 기반 변전소에서의 게이트웨이 개발)

  • Yun, Seok-Yeul
    • The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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    • v.60 no.7
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    • pp.1324-1330
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    • 2011
  • This paper presents the development of gateway for smart grid for the interoperable communication between IEC 61850 station leveled devices and one of legacy Modbus, DNP3, and IEC60870-5-101/104/103 communication protocol devices of bay level in substation or for the exchange of information between IEC 61850 substation and SCADA control center. The data-mapping model is designed for the exchange of information and the gateway configuration tool is developed for generating meta-data based on XML Schema. this paper is mostly concerned with the design and realization of gateway system for the interoperable data communication between a legacy protocol device and IEC61850 based devices or systems.