• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1992

The diagnosis of tuberculosis is usually established using staining and culturing techniques. Fluorescent stains have improved the sensitivity of direct microscopy. Improved culture media coupled with radiometric means of detecting early mycobacterial growth have shortened the time needed for cultural diagnosis. Rapid immunodiagnostic techniques based on the detection of mycobacterial antigen or of antibodies to theses antigens have not, however, come into widespread clinical use. The DNA or RNA hybridization tests with labeled specific probes which have been described so far are not sensitive enough to be used for clinical speicimens without prior culturing. The advent of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has opened new possibilities for diagnosis of microbial infections. This technique has already been applied to a number of microorganisms. In the field of mycobacteria the PCR has been used to identify and to detect DNAs extracted from various mycobacteria. However, despite the extraordinary enthusiasm surrounding this technique and the considerable investiment, PCR has not emerged from the developmental "trenches" in the passed several years. It may be a considerable lenth of time before clinical microbiology laboratories become PCR playgrounds because many details remain to be worked out.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.897-898
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• 2008

Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) has been used to detect chromosomal regions of amplifications or deletions, which allows identification of new cancer related genes. As aCGH, a large-scale spatial data, contains significant amount of noises in its raw data, it has been an important research issue to segment genomic DNA regions to detect its true underlying copy number aberrations (CNAs). In this study, we focus on applying a segmentation method to multiple data sets. We compare two different threshold values for analyzing aCGH data with CBS method [1]. The proposed threshold values are p-value or $Q{\pm}1.5IQR$ and $Q{\pm}1.5IQR$.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.52-56
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• 2013

Mosaic trisomy 14 syndrome is a well-known but unusual chromosomal abnormality with a distinct and recognizable phenotype. Array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analysis has recently become a widely used method for detecting DNA copy number changes, in place of traditional karyotype analysis. However, the array CGH shows a limitation for detecting the low-level mosaicism. Here, we report the detailed clinical and cytogenetic findings of patient with low-frequency mosaic trisomy 14, initially considered normal based on usual cut-off levels of array CGH, but confirmed by G-banding karyotyping. Our patient had global developmental delay, short stature, congenital heart disease, craniofacial dysmorphic features, and dark skin patches over her whole body. Estimated mosaicism proportion was 23.3% by G-banding karyotyping and 18.0% by array CGH.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.285-290
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• 1996

3-hydroxy-3-methyglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR)는 phytoalexin을 포함하는 수 많은 isoprenoid화합물의 생합성을 조절하는 효소이다. 토마토의 경우 sesquiterpenoid phytoalexin류가 식물방어를 위한 반응산물로서 축적되는 것이 알려져 있다. Verticil-lium albo-atrum이나 Fusarium oxysporum으로부터 추출한 elicitor를 토마토의 배양세포에 처리하는 경우 처리량의 증가에 따른 2.7kb 크기의 HMGR mRNA의 상당한 유도증가가 토마토의 HMG2 DNA를 이용한 northern hybridization에 의해 관찰되었다. 토마토의 잎, 뿌리, 줄기 등에 기계적 상해를 가하는 경우에서도 HMGR mRNA는 2단계를 걸쳐 증가함이 관찰되었다. HMGR mRNA는 양 실험의 경우 모두 9시간에서 12시간 사이에서 최대발현됨이 관찰되었다.

• Proceedings of the Microbiological Society of Korea Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.3-14
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• 2002

Functional genomics aims at uncovering useful information carried on genome sequences and at using it to understand the mechanisms of biological function. Elucidating the unknown biological functions of new genes based upon the genomics rationales will greatly speed up the extensive understanding of biocatalysis and biodegradation in biological world including microorganisms. DNA microarrays generate a system for the simultaneous measurement of the expression level of thousands of genes in a single hybridization assay. Their data mining (transcriptome) strategy has two categories: differential gene expression and coordinated gene expression. Furthermore, measurement of proteins (proteome) generates information on how the transcribed sequences end up as functional characteristics within the cell, and quantitation of metabolites yields information on how the functional proteins act to produce energy and process substrates (metabolome). Various composite functional genomics databases containing genetic, enzymatic and metabolic information have been developed and will contribute to the understanding of the life blue print and the new discoveries and practices in biocatalysis and biodegradation that could enrich their industrial and environmental applications.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.1953-1957
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• 2008

Recombinant Lactobacillus strains have been constructed using gene splicing by overlap extension (SOE). Primers were designed of which one end of an amplified product contained complementary sequences for an end of other amplified fragment. For efficient matching, we used an asymmetric PCR step that was effective at generating an excess of strands that would anneal in the final PCR. CP12, a recombinant fragment consisting of the integrase gene and attachment site of the bacteriophage A2, was constructed and inserted into the genome of Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393, yielding Lb. casei ATCC 393::XCP12. Another recombinant Lb. casei strain was constructed, where the egfp gene was a part of the construction. The EGFP produced from Lb. casei ATCC 393::XCEGFP14 was detected by Western blot hybridization. This simple and widely applicable approach has significant advantages over standard recombinant DNA techniques for Lactobacillus species.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.161-165
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• 1992

The gene encoding the bacteriolytic enzyme cell wall peptidoglycan hydrolase from alkalophilic Bacillus sp. was cloned in E. coli using pBR322 as a vector. A recombinant plasmid, designated pYTR451, was isolated and the size of the cloned HindIII fragment was found to be 4.8 Kb. The cell wall hydrolysis activity of an extract of the E. coli harboring the recombinant plasmid pYTR 451 was detected by SDS- polyacrylamide gel containing 0.2% (w/v) purified cell wall of Bacillus sp. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be about 27, 000 corresponding to the molecular weight of the Bacillus sp. bacteriolytic enzyme. The recombinant plasmid was found to contain the fragment originated from Bacillus sp. YJ-451 chromosomal DNA by Southern hybridization.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.599-606
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• 1994

Bacillus stearothermomophilus, a strong xylan degrader, was confirmed to express multiple esterase activities in addition to the major xylanolytic enzymes. One of the genes encoding the esterases was isolated from the genomic library of B. stearothermophilus constructed with EcoRl restriction endonuclease and pBR322 plasmid. Three recombinant plasmids showing the tributyrin degrading activity were selected from approximately 7, 000 E. coli HB101 transformants, and were found to have the same insert of a 3.2 kb DNA fragment. Restriction mapping and hybridization studies revealed that the gene(estII) on the hybrid plasmid (pKMG7) had originated from the B. stearothermophilus chromosome, and was distinct from the estl, another esterase gene of B. stearothermophilus isolated in the previous work. The E. coli cells harboring pKMG7 produced an acetylxylan esterase that exibited similar substrate specificity to the esterase encoded by the estI gene.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.636-641
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• 1998

Digoxigenin (DIG) was used to prepare nucleic acid probe for the detection of RNA of potato leafroll virus (PLRV) in the potato leaf extracts. The 0.6 kb coat protein (CP) gene cDNA of PLRV in plasmid pSPT 18 vector was labeled with digoxigenin by in vitro run-off transcription and then used for cRNA probe. In the several buffers tested for increase the total RNA extraction efficiency AMES buffer was the most suitable for this detection method. The RNA extracts from potato leaves shown symptoms of PLRV were dot blotted onto nylon membrane and hybridized with labeled RNA probes. After hybridization, labeled RNA bound to PLRV RNA on membrane was detected with anti-digoxigenin alkaline phosphatase. 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-phosphate/nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) salt and CSPD were used as substrate for colorimetric and film exposure detection, respectively. These detection methods were very sensitive allowing for detection of 1/32 diluted total RNA extract from 100 mg leaf tissue.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 1996

Using differential hybridization, a cDNA clone was isolated fortuitously from Amaranthus viridis and sequenced. This nucleotide sequence exhibited 55.1% identity with vma6 which encodes the 36-kD subunit of the vacuolar proton transporting ATPase in Saccharmoyces cerevisiae. The predicted open reading frame encodes a protein of 221 amino acid sequence with a calculated molecular weight of 25,452 and reveals high levels of similarity with subunit D polypeptide of vacuolar H -ATP(e.g., 48.5, 52.1 and 49.3% identity to the vacuolar 36-kD chain of yeast, vacuolar 32-kD polypeptide IV of human and vacuolar 28-kD protein of bovine chromaffin granules, respectively). The hydropathy index computation revealed that this predicted protein is a peripheral protein. These results indicated that the predicted protein may play a sturctural role in the vaculor H -ATPase as does gamma subunit in V-type ATPase.