• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.3187-3190
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• 2013

Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane receptor which contributes to many processes involved in cell survival, proliferation and inhibits apoptosis, that may lead to cancer development. Gastric cancer is one of the most common diseases of digestive system that has low 5-year-survival. The aim of this research was to determine the significance of EGFR tyrosine kinase domain gene polymorphisms in gastric cancer in Iran. Materials and Methods: In the present study, 83 patients with gastric cancer and 40 normal subjects were investigated for EGFR gene polymorphisms in exons 18-21 by PCR-SSCP. Then, DNA sequencing was conducted for different mobility shift bands. Finally the data were statistically analyzed using the chi-2 test and the SPSSver.16 program. Results: Exon 18 of EGFR gene showed three different bands in SSCP pattern and DNA sequencing displayed one mutation. SSCP pattern of Exons 19 and 21 did not show different migration bands. Exon 20 of EGFR gene revealed multiple migrate bands in SSCP pattern. DNA sequencing displayed 2 mutations in this exon: one mutation was caused amino acid change and another mutation was silent. Conclusion: It may be that EGFR tyrosine kinase gene polymorphisms differ between populations and screening could be useful in gastric cancer patients who might benefit from tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 1996

Vitamin C has been well known to be a potential chemopreventive agent for several toxic compounds. It reduced the mutation frequencies of 6-sulfooxymethylbenzo[a]pyrene (SMBP) and 6hydroxymethylbenzo[a]pyrene (HMBP) in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100, indicating that corbic acid affects both frameshift and base-pair substitution mtltations. A similar type of dose-response relationship was shown in the V79 cells, although the inhibitory effect was less dramatic compared with that in S. typhimurium. However, SMBP or HMBP binding to calf thymus DNA was not affected by the presence of vitamin C, suggesting that SMBP seems to be much more reactive to calf thymus DNA than vitamin C. This was supported by migration pattern and fluorescence intensity of SMBP-modified plasmid on the gel. These restilts were not correlated with mutation tests in bacterial and mammalian cell systems. It has been already reported that vitamin C inactivates SMBP through the formation of covalently bound addact. It was found from HPLC analysis that the reaction between vitamin C and SMBP was accomplished within just 5 min and then produced the several products. These findings indicate that the beneficiary of vitamin C is not merely derived from the covalent adducts. On the other hand, the addition of DNA to incubation mixture reduced the amounts of vitamin C adducts while the magnitude of HMBP peak increased, suggesting that DNA accelerates the SMBP hydrolysis to intercept the interaction between SMBP and vitamin C or forms rapidly complex with SMBP.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.5653-5657
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• 2012

Objectives: To investigate the effect of glycopeptide-preferring polypeptide GalNAc transferase 1 (ppGalNAc T1 ) targeted RNA interference (RNAi) on the growth and migration of human bladder carcinoma EJ cells in vitro and in vivo. Methods: DNA microarray assays were performed to determine ppGalNAc Ts(ppGalNAc T1-9) expression in human bladder cancer and normal bladder tissues. We transfected the EJ bladder cancer cell line with well-designed ppGalNAc T1 siRNA. Boyden chamber and Wound healing assays were used to investigate changes of shppGalNAc T1-EJ cell migration. Proliferation of shppGalNAc T1-EJ cells in vitro was assessed using [3H]-thymidine incorporation assay and soft agar colony formation assays. Subcutaneous bladder tumors in BALB/c nude mice were induced by inoculation of shppGalNAc T1-EJ cells and after inoculation diameters of tumors were measured every 5 days to determine gross tumor volumes. Results: ppGalNAc T1 mRNA in bladder cancer tissues was 11.2-fold higher than in normal bladder tissues. When ppGalNAc T1 expression in EJ cells was knocked down through transfection by pSUPER-shppGalNAc T1 vector, markedly reduced incorporation of [3H]-thymidine into DNA of EJ cells was observed at all time points compared with the empty vector transfected control cells. However, ppGalNAc T1 knockdown did not significantly inhibited cell migration (only 12.3%). Silenced ppGalNAc T1 expression significantly inhibited subcutaneous tumor growth compared with the control groups injected with empty vector transfected control cells. At the end of observation course (40 days), the inhibitory rate of cancerous growth for ppGalNAc T1 knockdown was 52.5%. Conclusion: ppGalNAc T1 might be a potential novel marker for human bladder cancer. Although ppGalNAc T1 knockdown caused no remarkable change in cell migration, silenced expression significantly inhibited proliferation and tumor growth of the bladder cancer EJ cell line.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.429-434
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• 2005

Lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) induces vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration, which has been proposed to initiate the intimal thickening in coronary atherosclerotic lesions. Berberine is an alkaloid in Berberis aquifolium and many other plants. Recently, it has been shown to have beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system, such as anti-hyperglycemic and cholesterol-lowering activity. In this study, we investigated its effects on lysoPC-induced VSMC proliferation and migration. Berberine inhibited lysoPC-induced DNA synthesis and cell proliferation in VSMCs, as well as migration of the lysoPC-stimulated VSMCs. It also inhibited the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) and reduced transcription factor AP-1 activity and the lysoPC-induced increases in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). These results indicate that the inhibitory effects of berberine on lysoPC-stimulated VSMC proliferation and migration are attributable to inhibition of ROS generation and hence of activation of the ERK1/2 pathway. This suggests that berberine has potential in the prevention of atherosclerosis and restenosis.

• Yonsei Medical Journal
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• 제59권9호
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• pp.1041-1048
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• 2018

Purpose: Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is a key regulator of the heat shock response and plays an important role in various cancers. However, the role of HSF1 in gastric cancer is still unknown. The present study evaluated the function of HSF1 and related mechanisms in gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: The expression levels of HSF1 in normal and gastric cancer tissues were compared using cDNA microarray data from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset. The proliferation of gastric cancer cells was analyzed using the WST assay. Transwell migration and invasion assays were used to evaluate the migration and invasion abilities of gastric cancer cells. Protein levels of HSF1 were analyzed using immunohistochemical staining of tissue microarrays from patients with gastric cancer. Results: HSF1 expression was significantly higher in gastric cancer tissue than in normal tissue. Knockdown of HSF1 reduced the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells, while HSF1 overexpression promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells. Furthermore, HSF1 promoted the proliferation of gastric cancer cells in vivo. In Kaplan-Meier analysis, high levels of HSF1 were associated with poor prognosis for patients with gastric cancer (p=0.028). Conclusion: HSF1 may be closely associated with the proliferation and motility of gastric cancer cells and poor prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. Accordingly, HSF1 could serve as a prognostic marker for gastric cancer.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.142.2-142.2
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• 2003

The activation of the hepatic stellate cell (HSC) is a key step in liver fibrogenesis. We investigated the changes of global gene expression during activation in hepatic stellate cells using a rat cDNA microarray with 5, 000 sequence-verified clones. We identified osteopontin (OPN), a secreted matrix protein, as one of the upregulated factors. Northern analysis showed OPN mRNA was increasingly expressed during progressive activation of cultured rat HSCs and in models of experimental liver fibrosis. (omitted)

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2008

1980년대 이후 전 세계적으로 발굴지에서 출토되는 인골 분석에 대한 고고학적 중요성이 증가하면서 인골의 자연과학적 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 국내에서도 출토 인골의 고고유전학 연구가 점차 활성화 되어감에 따라 고대 DNA 연구를 위한 주요 방법 및 기술적 지식의 축적이 이루어지고 있다. 인골의 보존 상태는 매장환경과 밀접하게 연관되어 있는데 국내에서 출토되는 인골, 동물 뼈 등과 같은 생물유체의 보존 상태가 좋지 못한 주요 원인은 우리나라의 토성(土性) 및 기후적인 특성 때문이다. 그러나 조선시대 회곽묘(灰槨墓)에서는 대체로 보존 상태가 좋은 인골이 출토되고 있는데, 이는 회곽의 구조적 화학적 특성에서 기인된 것이다. 이것은 묘제(墓制)와 장법(葬法)이 피장자(埋葬者)의 매장 환경을 조절함으로써 인골이 잘 보존 될 수 있음을 보여주는 좋은 사례이다. 인골의 미생물에 의한 오염, 물리 화학적 손상 등 다양한 원인은 고대 DNA 분석에 많은 영향을 미치기 때문에 이를 효과적으로 제거할 수 있는 DNA 분석법이 요구된다. 특히, 고대 DNA가 사람 DNA에 의하여 오염되지 않았음을 증명하기 위한 실험 절차가 체계적으로 검증되어야만 연구결과의 신뢰성을 확보할 수 있다. 우리나라 고대 인류의 이동과 그들의 문화를 이해하기 위하여 고대 DNA 분석과 더불어 안정동위원소를 이용한 인골의 골화학 분석 등 인골에 대한 자연과학적 분석이 종합적으로 병행되어야 한다. 더불어 출토 인골의 고고유전학 연구는 형질인류학, 고고학과 같은 인문사회학적 연구와 동시에 수행될 때 가장 좋은 양질의 결과를 얻을 수 있으며 이러한 학제 간 연구는 더욱더 활성화 되어야 한다. 본고는 출토 인골 연구의 학문적 가치와 종합연구의 필요성을 자연과학적 연구의 입장에서 강조하였다. 또한 출토 인골의 DNA 연구 방법과 그 결과를 예로 소개함으로써 고고유전학 연구에 대한 이해를 돕고자 하였다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 1996

Using topoisomerase II (topo II) isozyme-specific antibodies, we investigated the phosphorylation of topo $II{\alpha}$ in mitotic HeLa cells. Topo $II{\alpha}$ was specifically modified in the mitotic cells, resulting in slow migration on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. To characterize the nature of this modification, we treated the nuclear extracts prepared from the mitotic cells with alkaline phosphatase. After the treatment with alkaline phosphatase, the slowly migrated band disappeared and instead a normal (170 kDa) topo $II{\alpha}$ band appeared. These results indicate that human topo $II{\alpha}$ is modified at a specific site(s) in M phase by phosphorylation, supporting the possibility that M phase-specific phosphorylation of topo II is critical for mitotic chromosome condensation and segregation.

• BMB Reports
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.181-190
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• 2020

Protein phosphatase 4 (PP4), one of serine/threonine phosphatases, is involved in many critical cellular pathways, including DNA damage response (DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis), tumorigenesis, cell migration, immune response, stem cell development, glucose metabolism, and diabetes. PP4 has been steadily studied over the past decade about wide spectrum of physiological activities in cells. Given the many vital functions in cells, PP4 has great potential to develop into the finding of key working mechanisms and effective treatments for related diseases such as cancer and diabetes. In this review, we provide an overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which PP4 impacts and also discuss the functional significance of it in cell health.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.55-59
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 연자육의 항산화 활성을 평가하기 위해 EtOAC 분획물과 열수 추출물을 이용하여 DPPH, Hydroxyl 라디칼 소거활성과 $Fe^{2+}$ 킬레이팅 활성을 측정하였다. 또한 산화적 DNA 손상억제 효과는 ${\phi}X$-174 RF I plasmid DNA cleavage assay를 통해 평가하였다. EtOAC 분획물은 $200{\mu}g/m{\ell}$에서 DPPH, Hydroxyl 라디칼 소거활성과 $Fe^{2+}$ 킬레이팅 활성이 각각 96.54%, 55.27%, 66.17%의 활성이 나타났으며, 열추 추출물에서는 각각 21.25%, 15.72%, 30.52%로 열수 추출물에 비해 EtOAC 분획물의 항산화 활성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 ${\phi}X$-174 RF I plasmid DNA cleavage assay에서 EtOAC 추출물은 $200{\mu}g/m{\ell}$에서 76%의 높은 억제 효과가 나타난 반면, 열수 추출물은 6%의 낮은 DNA 산화적 손상억제 효과를 나타내었다. 각 추출물의 총 페놀 함량을 조사한 결과 열수 추출물에 비해 EtOAC 분획물이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 항산화 활성과 DNA 산화적 손상억제 효과가 높은 EtOAC 분획물을 GC/MS에 의해 분석한 결과, Benzeneethanol, 3-methyl-Benzoic acid, 4-ethyl-Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)Phenol 등 페놀성 화합물이 다수 동정되었다. 본 연구결과에 의해 연자육은 항산화 및 암 예방적 소재로써의 새로운 기능성 식품소재로서 충분한 가능성이 있다고 판단된다.