• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.8 no.8
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• pp.1777-1782
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• 2004

I propose a prescription transmission system based on XML in this paper, and it is not to attach a former signature to only a XML document for encoding of XML/EDI, and it is construction, one with the prescription transmission system which is safer with what use a way to attach a digital signature to DTD. I defined sub element to manage information prescription DTD defined prescription information, patient information, medical care organ information, prescription details information, compounding of medicines details information element according to for each a component of a prescription I went along, and to have looked up, and to have obeyed information transmission at he low rank. I read a DTD file for safe prescription transmission, and I do element or property, the entity which I do it, and is extracted here, and Pasing is saved in a table while being a field. If Pasing is finished, I read and lift a hash table and carry out message a digest. I compose it with an early private key and create a digital signature.

• Atmosphere
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.451-461
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• 2019

Medium-range forecast is highly dependent on ensemble forecast data. However, operational weather forecasters have not enough time to digest all of detailed features revealed in ensemble forecast data. To utilize the ensemble data effectively in medium-range forecasting, representative weather patterns in East Asia in this study are defined. The k-means clustering analysis is applied for the objectivity of weather patterns. Input data used daily Mean Sea Level Pressure (MSLP) anomaly of the ECMWF ReAnalysis-Interim (ERA-Interim) during 1981~2010 (30 years) provided by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). Using the Explained Variance (EV), the optimal study area is defined by 20~60°N, 100~150°E. The number of clusters defined by Explained Cluster Variance (ECV) is thirty (k = 30). 30 representative weather patterns with their frequencies are summarized. Weather pattern #1 occurred all seasons, but it was about 56% in summer (June~September). The relatively rare occurrence of weather pattern (#30) occurred mainly in winter. Additionally, we investigate the relationship between weather patterns and extreme weather events such as heat wave, cold wave, and heavy rainfall as well as snowfall. The weather patterns associated with heavy rainfall exceeding 110 mm day^-1 were #1, #4, and #9 with days (%) of more than 10%. Heavy snowfall events exceeding 24 cm day^-1 mainly occurred in weather pattern #28 (4%) and #29 (6%). High and low temperature events (> 34℃ and < -14℃) were associated with weather pattern #1~4 (14~18%) and #28~29 (27~29%), respectively. These results suggest that the classification of various weather patterns will be used as a reference for grouping all ensemble forecast data, which will be useful for the scenario-based medium-range ensemble forecast in the future.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.137-143
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• 2003

In measuring the microwave surface resistance of high-Tc superconductor (HTS) films using the dielectric-loaded cavity resonator method, one of the most important factors that limit the measurement sensitivity is the measurement error in the loss tangent ($tan\delta$) of the dielectric rod placed inside the cavity. We have measured the effective surface resistance ( $R_{S}$ $^{eff}$) of$ YBa_2$$_Cu3$$_{7-{\delta}}$ (YBCO) films and the $tan\delta$ of rutile ($TiO_2$) using the 'two-tone'method suggested by Kobayashi et at. [IEEE, MTT-S Digest, 495, (2001)], which enables simultaneous measurements of both the $R_{S}$ $^{eff}$ fof HTS films and the $tan\delta$ of the rutile with high sensitivity. A rutile-loaded cavity resonator with the $TE_{012}$ and $TE_{021}$ resonant frequencies at 13.67 - 14.01 GHz is used for this purpose. At temperatures where the two modes do not couple with other modes, the $R_{S}$ $^{eff}$ of YBCO films and $tan\delta$ of rutile measured by the two-tone method appear to match well with the corresponding values measured using the reported $tan\delta$ values of sapphire within 10 %. Usefulness of the 'two-tone' method for microwave characterization of HTS films and dielectrics is discussed.d.ielectrics is discussed.ussed.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.271-302
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• 2017

Objectives : Jakyakgamcho-tang has been used to treat muscular tension, spasm and pain. On this study, new clinical uses of Jakyakgamcho-tang were confirmed and the other pharmacological results were summarized by analysing trends of modern experimental studies and clinical studies. Methods : Papers related to Jakyakgamcho-tang were searched on PUBMED, RISS, and National Assembly Library, and classified by categories and effects of clinical application and a variety of experiment around abstract. Also, figures were used for sketching out a timeline of expressing when these papers were read and core research content was described as a digest for identifying research trends. Results : Until today, there are 104 researches about the antispasmodic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory effects of Jakyakgamcho-tang. In total, 91 papers were analyzed in this study. In matter of subject, researches on the antispasmodic effects were 17 cases, researches on the analgesic effects were 14 cases, researches on gynecological therapeutics were 14 cases, researches on pharmacokinetics were 12 cases, researches on the constituent identification were 7 cases, studies about constituents efficacy were 6 cases, studies about interactions with drugs were 6 cases. Conclusion : The traditional use of Jakyakgamcho-tang on muscle tension, spasm and pain has proven to have effects through the experimental evidences. Other effects of Jakyakgamcho-tang such as gynecological therapeutics, anti-inflammatory effects, are now emerging as a new area in clinical use. Futhermore as an auxiliary treatment, Jakyakgamcho-tang is a good alternative for muscle cramps during maintenance of hemodialysis, myalgia or arthralgia induced by anticancer drugs, amenorrhea induced by neuroleptics.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.830-835
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• 2004

An experiment of 10 weeks duration was carried out to study the influence of supplemental effective microorganism (EM) culture, yeast culture and enzymes on nutrient digestibility and gut microflora in rabbit gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Twenty four eight to nine weeks old, New Zealand White rabbits were allotted to four dietary treatments; a basal (control) feed, basal feed supplemented with either EM (1%), yeast culture or enzymes (400 ppm). Nutrient flow in digesta and their digestibility at ileum, caecum, colon and in the total tract as well as gut microflora distribution were studied. Feed dry matter was diluted from 92% to about 14% up to the ileum and about 95% of this water was reabsorbed by the colonic rectal segment followed by caecum (25%). EM and yeast improved protein digestibility at a lower rate than enzymes. Ileal, caecal, colonic and total tract digestibility of crude protein with enzymes were higher by 10.8, 9.4, 11.3 and 10.7%, respectively, as compared to the control. Yeast and enzymes increased crude fiber digestibility at ileum, caecum, colon and in the total tract by 8.5, 9.6, 9.0 and 8.3%, respectively, while EM improved them at a lower rate. Irrespective of treatments, total tract digestibility of crude protein (0.698-0.773) and fiber (0.169-0.183) were greater (p<0.05) than the ileal digestibility. Even though a post-caecal protein digestibility was observed, fiber digestion seemed to be completed in the caecum especially with yeast and enzymes. High precaecal digestibility of crude fiber (97%) and protein (95%) were observed even without additives probably due to caecotrophy. EM and yeast culture promoted the growth of lactic acid bacteria especially in the caecum but they did not influence gut yeast and mould. Present findings reveal that even though rabbits digest nutrients efficiently through hind gut fermentation, they can be further enhanced by EM, yeast and enzymes. Of the three additives tested, enzymes found to be the best.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.1043-1048
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• 2010

This study investigated the effects of Fe-soy proteinate (Fe-SP) and magnesium oxide (MgO) dietary supplements on eggshell quality in laying hens. A total of 800 26-wk-old Hy-Line Brown hens were assigned to four dietary treatments: control (C), Fe-SP 100 (100 ppm Fe-soy proteinate), MgO (3 g MgO/kg diet), and Fe-SP 100+MgO. Each treatment had five replicates of 40 hens. The FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared) and XRD (X-ray diffraction) spectra of Fe-soy proteinate were different from those of $FeSO_4$ and soy digest. There were no significant differences among treatments in hen-day egg production, hen-house egg production, broken and soft egg rate, feed intake, or feed conversion. The MgO and Fe-SP 100+MgO treatments showed significantly (p<0.05) higher egg weights than the control group. Eggshell strength and thickness were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the MgO supplemented groups. The lightness and yellowness of the eggshells decreased, and the redness increased significantly in the Fe-SP treated groups. There were no significant differences among treatments in leukocyte level, but hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations were higher with Fe-SP treatments. In conclusion, supplementation with Fe-SP significantly affects eggshell color and hemoglobin concentration, whereas MgO supplementation increases eggshell strength and thickness. Egg weight and egg shell quality can be improved by supplementation of 100 ppm Fe in the form of Fe-SP and 3 g MgO/kg diet.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.8
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• pp.69-96
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• 1981

We all know that we can not keep a proper social life without language. Yet language is so much a part of our environment that we hardly realize it is there. The purpose of this study is to provide an understanding of the linguistical aspect of communication process in order to carry out a successful human relations in the operation of libraries. Human development rests upon man's capacity to digest large quantities of knowledge and it is language which allows facts to be communicated, stored, and disseminated. An attempt was made in this study to illustrate the elementary meaning-of-words aspect of communication. In order to share the most commonly agreed meanings in interpersonal communication, a careful study of semantic noises is important. In a constant struggle to meet client needs, staff and administrators, librarian must understand communication dialogues, their messages and be able to read all level of meanings. In order to perform a successful function of the librarian, to act as a link-man or communicator and to cope with its ever growing information, it is suggested that the deep understanding of the following linguistical aspect of communication elements is essential. 1. Characteristics of Language: (1) Words have different meanings to different people. (2) Words vary in the degree of abstraction. (3) Language is incomplete by its nature. (4) Language reflects not only the personality of the individual but also the culture of man's society. 2. Noises in transmitting meanings: (1) Mechanical or Technical noises. (2) Semantic Noises (3) Noises caused by the psychological factors a. attention b. perception, sensation, cognition and perceptual field. 3. Linguistic Stratum Languages differ considerably in vocabulary by the physical and cultural environment setting as well as situation of individual living. There are seven different language stratum which reflects different region, sex, age, profession, special social stratum, academic and tabooed words.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.159-172
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• 1993

Collagenase existed in the internal organs of filefish Novoden modestrus was isolated with ammonium sulfate and was purified by ion exchange column chromatography with DEAE-Sephadex A-50 and gel filtration with Sephadex G-150. The activity of the purified enzyme was increased 92.4 folds than that of the crude one and the yield of the purified one was $10.9\%$. The optimum conditions showing the maximum activity of the crude enzyme to digest insoluble collagen(Type I) were $55^{\circ}C$ and pH 8.0, while those showing the maximum activity of the purified one were $55^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.75. However, the use of the crude enzyme for skinning of filefish was more profitable because the yield was 800 folds higher than that of the purified one and the cost was also able to economy. When hydrolysis for skinning of filefish was conducted with $0.3\%$(w/w) crude collagenase at $50^{\circ}C$ and pH 8.0 for 3hrs, there was some problem to cause a damage on muscle of the fish by heat. To solve such problem for the skinning, the hydrolysis at $18^{\circ}C$ for 4hrs with $0.3\%$ (w/w) crude enzyme after pretreated with 0.5M acetic acid for 10 min provided a good result for skinning of filefish.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.23 no.11
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• pp.1536-1543
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• 2013

Proteases produced by Xenorhabdus are known to play a significant role in virulence leading to insect mortality. The present study was undertaken to purify and characterize protease from Xenorhabdus indica, an endosymbiont of nematode Steinernema thermophilum, and to decipher its role in insect mortality and its efficacy to control Helicoverpa armigera. A set of 10 strains of Xenorhabdus isolated from different regions of India were screened for protease activity on the basis of zone of clearing on gelatin agar plates. One potent strain of Xenorhabdus indica was selected for the production of protease, and the highest production (1,552 U/ml) was observed at 15-18 h of incubation at $28^{\circ}C$ in soya casein digest broth. The extracellular protease was purified from culture supernatant using ammonium sulfate precipitation and ion-exchange chromatography. The enzyme was further characterized by SDS-PAGE and zymography, which confirmed the purity of the protein and its molecular mass was found to be ~52 kDa. Further MALDI-TOF/TOF analysis and effect of metal chelating agent 1,10-phenanthrolin study revealed the nature of the purified protease as a secreted alkaline metalloprotease. The bioefficacy of the purified protease was also tested against cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) and resulted in $67.9{\pm}0.64%$ mortality within one week. This purified protease has the potential to be developed as a natural insecticidal agent against a broad range of agriculturally important insects.

• Mycobiology
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.146-154
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• 2016

The wood decay fungi are a diverse taxonomic group that plays a pivotal role in forest carbon cycling. Wood decay fungi use various enzymatic pathways to digest dead or living wood in order to obtain carbon and other nutrients and these enzymatic systems have been exploited for both industrial and medical applications. Over 600 wood decay fungi species have been described in Korea; however, the recent application of molecular markers has dramatically altered the taxonomy of many of these wood decay fungi at both the genus and species levels. By combining molecular methods, specifically sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region, with traditional morphological characters, this study identified five new species records for Korea in five genera: Aurantiporus, Favolus, Neofavolus, Loweomyces, and Hymenochaetopsis. Three of these genera (Aurantiporus, Favolus, and Loweomyces) were previously unknown in Korea. The relatively simple morphology of the wood decay fungi often leads to ambiguous taxonomic assignment. Therefore, molecular markers are a necessary component of any taxonomic or evolutionary study of wood decay fungi. Our study highlights the need for a more robust and multifaceted approach in investigating new wood decay fungi in Korea.