• 한국ITS학회지
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.63-64
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• 2003

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.387-401
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• 1998

This study was performed to investigate the emotional state related to dental fear, hospital anxiety and depresison, and frequency of stress symproms of orofacial region. For this study, Dnetal Fear Surfey(DFS) scale, the Hospital ANxiety and Depression(HAD) scale, and Stress Symptom Questionnaire(SSQ) designed by the author were used in 549 dental outpatients. Dental Fear Survey scale is composed of avoidance of dentistry(AVOI), physiologic response scale(PRS) and dental stimulus response scale(DSRS). The Hospital anxiety and Depresiosn scale is composed of hospital anxiety(HA) and hospital depressoin (HD). Data were analyzed statistically with SPSS program and the results were as follows : 1. The item of the highest positive response rate in DFS scale was 'feeling drill'(82.0%), and in the HAD scale was ' feel as if I am slowed down'(84.1%). 2. Mean score of AVOI, PRS, DSRS and HD were higher in the older group(>25yr) than the yoiunger group(<25yr) and female patients showed higher score of DSRS, HA than male patients. 3. Mean number of items of stress symptoms in extraoral region were 3.4, and in intraoral region, were 4.7. Tongue wymptoms were increased in the older toup and female patients had more stress symptoms than male patients. 4. Correlation between DFS scale and HAD scale were significantly positive and these scales were also apositively correlated with tongue symptoms. 5. As for treatment types, the patients treated in the department of periodontics,conservative dentistry, and oral surgery showed higher score of DFS scale than the patients with temporomandibular disorders or treatedin the department of orthodontics.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.16
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• pp.6997-7002
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• 2015

Background: In cervical cancer patients it has been reported that there in a significant Ki-67/MIB-1 expression is correlated with survival in cervical cancer patients. However, the prognostic value is still not well understood. Materials and Methods: In the present meta-analysis the prognostic value of Ki-67/MIB-1 with regard to overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in cervical cancer was investigated. The databases of PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, Science Direct and Wiley Online Library were used to identify appropriate literature. Results: In order to explore the relationship between Ki-67/MIB-1 and cervical cancer, we have included 13 studies covering 894 patients in the current meta-analysis. The effect of Ki-67/MIB-1 on OS for pooled random effects HR estimate was 1.63 (95%confidence interval (CI) 1.09-2.45; P<0.05). The pooled HR for DFS was 1.26 (95%CI 0.58-2.73; P>0.05) and the subgroup analysis indicated Ki-67/MIB1 was associated with DFS (HR=3.67, 95%CI 2.65-5.09) in Asians. Conclusions: According to this meta-analysis, Ki-67/MIB-1 has prognostic value for OS in patients suffering from cervical cancer. For better evaluation of the prognostic role of Ki-67/MIB-1 on DFS, studies with larger numbers of patients are needed to validate present findings in the future.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.293-300
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• 1990

The physical and chemical properties of dry acorn starch(DS), defatted acorn starch (DFS) and reincorporated acorn starch(RIS) were investigated. Swelling power and solubility of all starch sample, were exhibited two stage behavior. It had a little change on the pasting temperature of DS and DFS but the peak viscosity and breakdown value of DFS was somewhat higher than those of DS and RIS. Flow behavior of gelatinized starch pastes showed a pseudoplastic behavior and flow behavior index was lower than unit The consistency coefficient showed concentration and temperature dependency. The activation energies of DS, DFS and RIS were from $1.70Kca1/g\;{\cdot}\;mol$ to $3.75Kca1/g\;{\cdot}\;mol$.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.165-173
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• 2011

Five types of meju were prepared from 100% defatted soybean (DFSG0), a mixture of 90% DFS and 10% glasswort (DFSG1), a mixture of 80% DFS and 20% glasswort (DFSG2), a mixture of 70% DFS and 30% glasswort (DFSG3), and a mixture of 60% DFS and 40% glasswort (DFSG4). Five types of kanjang were separately prepared from the 5 types of meju by ripening in brine for 6 months. The contents of certain minerals (Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, and Zn), organic acids (citric acid, malic acid) and the antioxidative effects in the kanjang were increased in proportion to the glasswort content in the meju. However, the free amino acid contents in the kanjang were reduced in proportion to the glasswort content in the meju. DFSG1- and DFSG2-kanjang did not show distinct differences from DFSG0-kanjang based on aroma, flavor, and taste that were compared simply by panel tests. The bacterial and fungal community in the fermented meju and kanjang was not affected by the addition of glasswort to the meju-making process. Bacteria belonging to the Lactobacillus and Bacillus genera and the Lactobacillus family predominated, and yeasts belonging to the Saccharomyces genus and fungi belonging to the Aspergillus genus predominated in the fermented meju and kanjang. In conclusion, the glasswort was a supplement that nutritionally improved the kanjang (except for free amino acid contents) but didn't influence the growth of microorganisms that are responsible for the fermentation of meju and kanjang.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.765-772
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• 2011

In this paper, a simulation-based method is presented to dispose direction finders in three dimensional space for locating targets using the directional data. A direction finder(DF) is a military weapon that is used to find locations of targets that emit radio frequencies by operating two or more DFs simultaneously. If one or more DFs are operated in the air, the accuracy of location estimation can be enhanced by disposing them in a better configuration. By extending the line method, which is a well-known algorithm for 2-D location estimation, into 3-D space, the problem of 3-D location estimation is defined as an nonlinear programming form and solved analytically. Then the optimal disposition of DFs is considered with the presented method in which methods of simulation and search technique are combined. With the suggested algorithm for 3-D disposition of DFs, regions in which targets exist can be effectively covered so that the operation effect of DF be increased.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.2245-2250
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• 2015

Background: The interaction between tumor cells and inflammatory cells has not been systematically investigated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether preoperative the lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR), the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and the platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) could predict the prognosis of ESCC patients undergoing esophagectomy. Materials and Methods: Records from 218 patients with histologically diagnosed ESCC who underwent attempted curative surgery from January 2007 to December 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. Besides clinicopathological prognostic factors, we evaluated the prognostic value of the LMR, the NLR, and the PLR using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression models. Results: The median follow-up was 38.6 months (range 3-71 months). The cut-off values of 2.57 for the LMR, 2.60 for the NLR and 244 for the PLR were chosen as optimal to discriminate between survival and death by applying receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of patients with low preoperative LMR demonstrated a significant worse prognosis for DFS (p=0.004) and OS (p=0.002) than those with high preoperative LMR. The high NLR cohort had lower DFS (p=0.004) and OS (p=0.011). Marginally reduced DFS (p=0.068) and lower OS (p=0.039) were found in the high PLR cohort. On multivariate analysis, only preoperative LMR was an independent prognostic factor for both DFS (p=0.009, HR=1.639, 95% CI 1.129-2.381) and OS (p=0.004, HR=1.759, 95% CI 1.201-2.576) in ESCC patients. Conclusions: Preoperative LMR better predicts cancer survival compared with the cellular components of systemic inflammation in patients with ESCC undergoing esophagectomy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.315-320
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the recurrence pattern and characteristics of patients based on the 2013 St. Gallen surrogate molecular subtypes after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) in Chinese women. Methods: This retrospective analysis included 709 consecutive breast cancer patients undergoing BCS from 1999-2010 at our institution. Five different surrogate subtypes were created using combined expression of the estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2. Locoregional relapse-free survival (LRRFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were calculated. Results: The 5-year LRRFS, DMFS, and DFS rates were 90.5%, 88.2%, and 81.5%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that young age, node-positive disease, and HER2 enrichment were independent prognostic factors in LRRFS patients. There was also an independent prognostic role of lymph node-positive disease in DMFS and DFS patients. Patients with luminal A tumors had the most favorable prognosis, with LRRFS, DMFS, and DFS rates of 93.2%, 91.5%, and 87.4% at 5 years, respectively. Conversely, HER-2-enriched tumors exhibited the highest rate of locoregional recurrence (20.6%). Conclusion: Surrogate subtypes present with significant differences in RFS, DMFS, and LRRFS. Luminal A tumors have the best prognosis, whereas HER2-enriched tumors have the poorest.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37 no.4A
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• pp.205-213
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose a new channel hopping scheme based on IEEE 802.11h as a good countermeasure against jamming attacks in IEEE 802.11 wireless networks. 802.11h Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS) is a mechanism which enables hopping to a best channel with full channel measurement, not a randomly chosen channel, when the current link quality degradation occurs due to interferers such as military radars. However, under jammer attacks, this needs a time for full channel measurement before a new channel hopping and due to link disconnection during the time network performance degradation is inevitable. In contrast, our proposed schemes make an immediate response right after a jammer detection since every device is aware of next hopping channel in advance. To do this, a next hopping channel is announced by Beacon frames and the channel is selected by full channel measurement within Beacon intervals. Simulation results show that proposed scheme minimizes throughput degradation and keeps the advantages of DFS.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.3703-3708
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• 2015

Background: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a strong predictor of mortality in patients with colorectal, lung, gastric cancer, pancreatic and metastatic renal cell carcinoma. We here evaluated whether preoperative NLR is an independent prognostic factor for non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Materials and Methods: Data from 327 patients who underwent curative or palliative nephrectomy were evaluated retrospectively. In preoperative blood routine examination, neutrophils and lymphocytes were obtained. The predictive value of NLR for non-metastatic RCC was analyzed. Results: The NLR of 327 patients was $2.72{\pm}2.25$. NLR <1.7 and NLR ${\geq}1.7$ were classified as low and high NLR groups, respectively. Chi-square test showed that the preoperative NLR was significantly correlated with the tumor size (P=0.025), but not with the histological subtype (P=0.095)and the pT stage (P=0.283). Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Effects of NLR on OS (P=0.007) and DFS (P=0.011) were significant. To evaluate the independent prognostic significance of NLR, multivariate COX regression models were applied and identified increased NLR as an independent prognostic factor for OS (P=0.015), and DFS (P=0.019). Conclusions: Regarding patient survival, an increased NLR represented an independent risk factor, which might reflect a higher risk for severe cardiovascular and other comorbidities. An elevated blood NLR may be a biomarker of poor OS and DFS in patients with non-metastatic RCC.