• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.43 no.4 s.137
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• pp.281-289
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• 2004

The sex pheromone blend (28-12AC : E8-12AC : Z8-12OH = 95 : 5 : 1) of oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck), was evaluated with reference to its male attractivity at different dosage and lure longevity of 1.0 mg in a field condition. Also, degree-days (DD) were calculated up to major phenological events of G. molesta using seasonal adult flights monitored by pheromone traps and egg population densities in early season in Suwon peach orchards. In the range of 0.1-4.0 mg dosage examined, G. molesta males caught in pheromone trap decreased with increasing total pheromone doses. The highest number of G. molesta males were attracted in traps baited with 0.1 mg-lure, and there were no significantly differences among 0.5 to 4.0 mg-lure. In longevity test with a 1.0 mg-lure, there was no difference in mean numbers of G. molesta males caught between traps with fresh-baited lures every 20d and field-lasted lures up to ${\approx}50d$ after trap installation, but thereafter more G. molesta males were attracted in the field-lasted lures than in the fresh-baited lures. Accumulated degree-days (DD) from January 1 to the first adult emergence (biofix) were 39DD at a lower threshold temperature $8.1^{\circ}C$. Degree-days from the biofix up to the 1st adult peak through 4th peak were 98DD, 620DD, 1233DD, and 1916DD, respectively. Required degree-days from the 1st adult peak to the 1st egg peak were 130DD, while the 2nd egg peak timing was simultaneous with the 2nd adult peak. Further, management strategies of G. molesta were discussed in peach orchards.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics T
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• v.36T no.3
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• pp.64-71
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• 1999

In this paper, two degree of freedom parallelogram link mechanism is used as DD(Direct-drive) robot mechanism. In parallelogram link mechanism, two motors being established in each base frame, the mass of motor itself is not loaded to anther motor; the number of links are increased, the mass of arm being lighter; with the estabilishment of link parameter, nonlinearity such as the centrifugal force disappears; at the same time anti-interference between motors can be realized. And to realize highy-accurate drive of parallelogram link DD robot manipulator, to improve the learning speed through the design of leaning control system using neural network, to raise adapting power to the varied work objects; the learning control algorithm is composed of neural network and feedback controller in this paper.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.85-92
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• 1990

The effects of aphidicolin (APC), 2`,3`-dideoxythymidine 5`-triphosphate (ddTTP), and novobiocin (NOV) on the frequencies of chromosome aberrations induced by ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) or bleomycin (BLM) were examined in synchronized Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K$_1$ cells. The cells were synchronized by the thymidine double block method. APC, ddTTP and NOV alone did not affect the frequencies of chromosome aberrations. The cells in late G$_1$ and early S phases were sensitive to the induction of chromosome aberrations by EMS, wherase cells in G$_2$ phase were most sensitive to chromosme aberration by BLM.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.49-53
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• 2004

The genetic basis of hypertension is complex, and has been considered to be associated with the dopamine D2 receptor gene (DD2R). Because association studies using the candidate gene approach may provide important clues regarding the pathogenesis of hypertension and establish basis for further study, we performed the association study on the relationship between genetic polymorphisms in the DD2R gene and hypertension in Koreans. Eighty nine patients with hypertension and 86 age-matched subjects with normal blood pressure were enrolled. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. PCR-RFLP analysis was performed to detect the three polymorphic Taq I sites in the DD2R gene. There were no significant differences in genotype, allele and haplotype distributions of any polymorphisms in the DD2R gene between two groups, respectively (P>0.05), although significant linkage disequilibriums among these polymorphic sites were detected by pair-wise analysis (P<0.05). Therefore, our negative result suggest that the three Taq I RFLPs in the DD2R gene were not significantly associated with hypertension in Koreans.

• ALGAE
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.189-197
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• 2017

To quantify the abundance of the harmful dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides in natural seawaters, we developed the innovative procedure using a droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) with C. polykrikoides-specific primers targeting the internal transcription sequence (ITS). The abundance of C. polykrikoides was estimated by the specific copy number of target ITS DNA segments per cell in cultures and natural water samples. The copy number per C. polykrikoides cell as acquired by ddPCR was $157{\pm}16$, which was evaluated against known cell numbers through a simplified protocol preparing DNAs. The abundances of C. polykrikoides in the waters of different locations estimated by ddPCR agreed with the number of cells visually counted under a microscope. This protocol was used to measure the abundance of C. polykrikoides close to and further off the southern coast of Korea in August of 2016 and 2017. The practical application showed that this method can reduce time for analysis and increase accuracy.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.145-148
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• 2004

This study was carried out to screen the fruiting body formation-specific genes from the medicinal mushroom Cordyceps militaris. A cDNA synthesized using total RNA from 4 stages of mushroom development, mycelium, primordium, immature fruiting body and mature fruiting body. Differential expression gene screening was performed by DD-PCR(Differential Display Arbitrary Primer PCR) with cDNA, we sequenced partial 6 genes using pGEM cloning vector. The DNA Sequence of the six DD-PCR products derived from differentially expressed genes was compared to that in the GenBank database by using the NCBI BLAST search to identify similarities to known sequences. Sequence analysis showed that six of DD-PCR products have unknown sequence.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.12B
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• pp.1595-1600
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• 2011

We analyzed the noise effect from artificial light and sunlight on the signal performance in visible light communication systems based on Intensity Modulation/Direct Detection(IM/DD). System performance was experimentally demonstrated by transmitting 50ksysmbol/s QPSK signals at 2MHz sub-carrier. And received signals were analyzed using EVM and RF spectrum. Finally, the system performance was improved by utilizing a visor and we confirm that the outdoor visible light communication was possible using IM/DD method.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.463-470
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of a fruit diet and exercise on body composition and hematological parameters in female collegians according to their uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) genotypes. Nine subjects were recruited from the SahmYook University. 4 subjects carried the ID genotype, 5 the DD genotype, and none of the subjects carried the II genotype. After 10 days of the program, BMI were significantly decreased (p<0.05) in the ID genotype and the DD genotype. Mean total energy intake from fruit diet was 888.1 kcal. Fat mass and % body fat were significantly decreased (p<0.05) in subjects with the ID genotype. Hemoglobin level was significantly increased (p<0.05) in subjects with the DD genotype. This study provided evidence that fruit diet and exercise could decrease the BMI in subjects with the ID and DD genotypes and increase the hemoglobin level in those with the DD genotype.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.499-512
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• 2022

This study investigates the efficiency of ensemble machine learning for predicting the lightweight-aggregate concrete (LWC) characteristics. A stacking ensemble (STEN) approach was proposed to estimate the dry density (DD) and 28 days compressive strength (Fc-28) of LWC using two meta-models called random forest regressor (RFR) and extra tree regressor (ETR), and two novel ensemble models called STEN-RFR and STEN-ETR, were constructed. Four standalone machine learning models including artificial neural network, gradient boosting regression, K neighbor regression, and support vector regression were used to compare the performance of the proposed models. For this purpose, a sum of 140 LWC mixtures with 21 influencing parameters for producing LWC with a density less than 1000 kg/m³, were used. Based on the experimental results with multiple performance criteria, it can be concluded that the proposed STEN-ETR model can be used to estimate the DD and Fc-28 of LWC. Moreover, the STEN-ETR approach was found to be a significant technique in prediction DD and Fc-28 of LWC with minimal prediction error. In the validation phase, the accuracy of the proposed STEN-ETR model in predicting DD and Fc-28 was found to be 96.79% and 81.50%, respectively. In addition, the significance of cement, water-cement ratio, silica fume, and aggregate with expanded glass variables is efficient in modeling DD and Fc-28 of LWC.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.10
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• pp.1446-1451
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• 2010

Silk sericin protein was hydrolyzed by seven proteolytic enzymes to examine the effectiveness of the hydrolysates to bind iron. The amino acid nitrogen contents of hydrolysates by Flavourzyme were higher than the others enzymes, and its iron binding capacity showed dose-dependent increase. The bioavailability of iron binding peptide from sericin hydolysates was investigated in iron-deficient rats. Three-week-old male rats were fed iron-deficient diet for three weeks. Rats were divided into four groups (DD: no treated group on iron deficient diet, DD+HI: heme-iron treated group, DD+OI: sericin-Fe, and DD+II: inorganic iron ($FeSO_4$) treated group, and then iron supplemented by injection for one week. After oral administration for one week, the iron contents of serum and liver were significantly higher in DD+OI ($4.2\;{\mu}g/mL$ and $80.1\;{\mu}g/mL$) and DD+HI ($3.2\;{\mu}g/mL$ and $70.6\;{\mu}g/mL$) than DD ($2.0\;{\mu}g/mL$ and $47.9\;{\mu}g/mL$). Hemoglobin content of treated groups was significantly higher than DD, but the significant difference among groups was not shown. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels did not show any significant difference among all groups. Binding iron to peptide from sericin hydolysates seems to improve its bioavailability and to hasten the cure of iron deficiency in experimental rat.