• 제목/요약/키워드: D.I.T.I.

검색결과 2,353건 처리시간 0.031초

미숙아에서 이온화 마그네슘, 총 마그네슘과 재태 연령과의 관계 및 뇌실 내 출혈과의 관계 (Association of ionized magnesium, total magnesium, gestational age, and intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm babies)

  • 김태연;이현희;성태정
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • 제52권10호
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    • pp.1140-1146
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    • 2009
  • 목 적:마그네슘은 인체 혈중에서 두 번째로 높은 농도로 존재하지만, 인체 내에서의 역할, 특히 미숙아에서 이에 대한 병태생리가 현재까지 명확히 규명되어 있지 않다. 한편 진통용해제나 임신중독증 치료를 위해 산전에 황산 마그네슘 사용이 보편화되면서 고마그네슘혈증에 따른 신생아시기에 영향에 대해 많은 연구가 되고 있으며, 최근에는 마그네슘보다 이온화 마그네슘이 생리적으로 활성화되어 더욱 정확히 마그네슘의 역할을 볼 수 있어 이에 대한 연구가 활발히 되고 있다. 따라서 저자들은 첫 번째 연구로 미숙아에서 총마그네슘(tMg), 이온화 마그네슘(iMg) 과 재태 연령, 총칼슘(tCa), 이온화 칼슘(iCa)과의 상관성을 살펴보고, 두 번째로 혈청 마그네슘 농도와 미숙아 질환 중 뇌실 내 출혈과의 관계를 평가하고자 하였다. 방 법:2006년 6월부터 2008년 2월까지 한림대학교의료원 강남성심병원 신생아중환자실에 입원한 미숙아를 대상으로 전향적 연구를 시행하였다. 산모에게 산전 어느 기간에라도 황산 마그네슘을 투여 받은 경우, 선천성 기형이 있는 경우, 5분 Apgar 점수가 3점 이하로 지속되는 경우, 보호자가 검사에 동의를 하지 않은 경우를 제외한 119 명을 대상으로 하였다. 출생직후 혹은 늦어도 출생 3시간 안에 태아의 혈액 검체로부터 tMg, iMg, tCa, iCa을 측정하였다. 1차 연구로 tMg 및 iMg와 재태 연령, tCa, iCa, pH와의 연관성을 조사하였고, 2차 연구로 뇌실 내 출혈군(IVH, n= 19)과 없는 군(대조군, n=100)으로 나누어 tMg, iMg, tCa, iCa, 재태 연령, 출생체중, 1분 및 5분 Apgar 점수, 산모의 고혈압의 유병율, 산전 진통 유병율 등을 비교하였다. 결 과:혈청 tMg 농도는 재태 연령, tCa, iCa, pH 등과 모두 관계가 없는 것으로 나왔으나, iMg은 tMg가 증가할수록 통계학적으로 유의한 상관성을 보였으며(r=0.288, P=0.002), iCa과도 통계적으로 의미 있는 결과를 보였다(r=0.212, P=0.021). 하지만, 재태 연령과 pH와는 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나왔다. 총 119명 중 IVH 군은 19명, 대조군은 100명이었다. tMg은 IVH에서 $2.5{\pm}0.9mg/dL$, 대조군에서 $2.1{\pm}0.6mg/dL$로 뇌실 내 출혈이 있는 군이 통계학적으로 의미 있게 더 높은 마그네슘 농도를 보였다(P=0.021). 반면, iMg, tCa, iCa, pH 는 두 군간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 평균 재태 연령과 출생체중은 각각 연구군이 $33.3{\pm}2.6$주 vs. 대조군 $35.0{\pm}2.1$주, 연구군 $2,093.2{\pm}628.1g$ vs. $2,385.7{\pm}514.3g$으로 연구군이 통계학적으로 더 의미 있게 더 작고 더 어렸다(P=0.002, P=0.030). 재태 연령과 출생체중, Apgar 점수를 고려하여 다시 한번 다변수 회귀분석을 시행한 결과 총 마그네슘의 농도(OR 2.798, 95% C.I. 1.265-6.192, P=0.011)는 역시 통계학적으로 의미 있는 위험인자로 나왔다. 결 론:재태 연령 37주 미만의 미숙아에서 tMg의 농도는 재태 연령과는 관계가 없었으며, iMg의 혈중농도 역시 재태 연령과는 관계없이 비슷했고, tMg, iCa과 관계가 있었다. 또한, 뇌실 내 출혈이 있던 미숙아에서 고마그네슘혈증을 보였으므로, 이전에 마그네슘에 노출된 적이 없더라도 출생 직후의 혈청 마그네슘 농도가 높은 미숙아들의 경우 IVH를 고려해봐야 할 것으로 생각된다.

골아세포의 IGF-I 유전자 발현 및 세포증식에 대한 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin $D_3$의 영향 (The Effects of 1,25- Dihydroxyvitamin $D_3$ on Expression of IGF-I Gene and Cellular Proliferation in MC3T3-E1 Cells)

  • 최희동;이재목;서조영
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • 제30권1호
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    • pp.39-52
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    • 2000
  • Polypeptide growth factor belong to a class of potent biologic mediator which regulate cell differentiation, proliferation, migration and metabolism. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin $D_3$ decrease cell proliferation, and stimulate alkaline phosphatase activity which express in osteoblast during cell differentiation period. IGF-I is known to stimulate cell proliferation and differentiation too. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin $D_3$ is known to increase IGF-I binding sites and IGF binding protein which inhibite the effect of IGF. The purpose of this study is to evaluate potential role of IGF-I as mediator that control the action of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin $D_3$. MC3T3-E1 cell were seeded $5{\times}10^5/ml$ at 100mm culture plate in ${\alpha}-MEM$ containing 10% fetal bovine serum. After 48 hour incubation period, medium were changed ${\alpha}-MEM$ containing 5% fetal bovine serum. After 24 hours, $10^{-9}M$ 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin $D_3$ added. Total mRNA was extracted at 0, 6, 24, 48, 72 hour. PRPCR method was programed for the detection of IGF-I mRNA. In the both groups of 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin $D_3$ treated and control, alternative splicing form of IGF-I, IGF-IA and IGF-IB were expressed. In the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin $D_3$ treated group, IGF-I mRNA expression was matained until 24 hour, there after expression was decresed. MC3T3-E1 cell were seeded $2.5{\times}10^4/ml$ at 24well plate in ${\alpha}-MEM$ containing 10% fetal bovine serum. After 48 hour incubation period, medium were changed ${\alpha}-MEM$ containing 3% fetal bovine serum. After 24 hours, $10^{-9}M$ 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin $D_3$ and 10 ng/ml IGF-I were added separately or together. Cell were cultured for 1 and 3 days, $2{\mu}Ci/ml\;[^3H]$ -thymidine was added for the last 24h of culture of each days. ${[^3H]}$-thymidine incorporation in to DNA was measured and expressed counter per minute(CPM). DNA synthetic activity was significantly decreased by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin $D_3$ both at 1 day and 3 day, and in the combination group of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin $D_3$ and IGF-I, DNA synthetic activity was also decreased both at 1 day and 3 days. IGF-I did not affect the DNA synthetic activity compared to control group both at 1 day and 3 day. From the above results, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin $D_3$ was potent inhibitor of cell proliferaton in MC3T3-E1 cells. It assumed that the effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin $D_3$ on osteoblast proliferation may be mediated in part by decreased level of IGF-I.

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ON THE CAUCHY PROBLEM FOR SOME ABSTRACT NONLINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

  • Hamza A.S. Abujabal;Mahmoud M. El-Boral
    • Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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    • 제3권2호
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    • pp.279-290
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    • 1996
  • In the present paper we study the Cauchy problem in a Banach space E for an abstract nonlinear differential equation of form $$\frac{d^2u}{dt^2}=-A{\frac{du}{dt}}+B(t)u+f(t, W)$$ where W=($A_1$(t)u, A_2(t)u)..., A_{\nu}(t)u), A_{i}(t),\;i=1,2,...{\nu}$,(B(t), t{\in}I$=[0, b]) are families of closed operators defined on dense sets in E into E, f is a given abstract nonlinear function on $I{\times}E^{\nu}$ into E and -A is a closed linar operator defined on dense set in e into E which generates a semi-group. Further the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the considered Cauchy problem is studied for a wide class of the families ($A_{i}$(t), i =1.2...${\nu}$), (B(t), $t{\in}I$) An application and some properties are also given for the theory of partial diferential equations.

경북지방(慶北地方)의 확률(確率) 강우강도(降雨强度)에 대(對)한 분석(分析) (Analysis on Probable Rainfall Intensity in Kyungpook Province)

  • 서승덕;박승영
    • Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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    • 제4권
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    • pp.77-86
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    • 1986
  • 재현기간(再現期間)에 따른 단시간(短時間) 강우강도특성(降雨强度特性)을 분석고찰(分析考察)하여 도시하수도(都市下水道) 및 중소유역(中小流域)의 배수계획(排水計劃)과 같은 수리구조물(水理構造物)의 설계(設計)에 필요(必要)한 최적강우강도식(最適降雨强度式)을 대구(大邱)와 포항(浦項)을 대표지점(代表地點)으로 분석(分析)한 결과(結果) 다음과 같은 결론(結論)을 얻었다. 1. 각종(各種) 확률강우강도식(確率降雨强度式) 산정(算定)에 있어서 대구(大邱)는 lwai 법(法), 포항(浦項)은 Gumbel-Chow 법(法)에 의한 결과치(結果値)를 확률강우강도(確率降雨强度)로 채택(採擇)함이 타당(妥當)하다고 생각된다. 2. 최적강우강도식(最適降雨强度式)을 유도(誘導)함에 있어서 표준편차비교결과(標準偏差比較結果) 대구(大邱)는 2.52~4.17, 포항(浦項)은 1.86~4.54로 공(共)히 Japanese 형(型) ($I=\frac{a}{\sqrt{t}+b}$)이 적합(適合)한 것으로 나타났으며, 재현기간별(再現期間別) 강우강도식(降雨强度式)은 다음과 같다. 대구(大邱) T : 200년(年) - $I=\frac{824}{\sqrt{t}+1.5414}$ T : 100년(年) - $I=\frac{751}{\sqrt{t}+1.4902}$ T : 30년(年) - $I=\frac{623}{\sqrt{t}+1.4017}$ T : 20년(年) - $I=\frac{580}{\sqrt{t}+1.3721}$ T : 10년(年) - $I=\frac{502}{\sqrt{t}+1.3145}$ T : 5년(年) - $I=\frac{418}{\sqrt{t}+1.2515$ 포항(浦項) T : 200년(年) - $I=\frac{468}{\sqrt{t}+1.1468}$ T : 100년(年) - $I=\frac{429}{\sqrt{t}+1.1605}$ T : 50년(年) - $I=\frac{391}{\sqrt{t}+1.1852}$ T : 30년(年) - $I=\frac{362}{\sqrt{t}+1.2033}$ T : 20년(年) - $I=\frac{339}{\sqrt{t}+1.2229}$ T : 10년(年) - $I=\frac{229}{\sqrt{t}+1.2578}$ T : 5년(年) - $I=\frac{257}{\sqrt{t}+1.3026}$ 3. 각(各) 지방(地方)에 따르는 재현기간별(再現期間別) 강우강도(降雨强度)를 쉽게 이용(利用)할 수 있도록 I.D.F. 상관도(相關圖)를 작성(作成)한 바 그 이용도(利用度)의 가치(價値)가 크게 있을 것으로 기대(期待)된다.

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SPECTRAL LOCALIZING SYSTEMS THAT ARE t-SPLITTING MULTIPLICATIVE SETS OF IDEALS

  • Chang, Gyu-Whan
    • 대한수학회지
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    • 제44권4호
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    • pp.863-872
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    • 2007
  • Let D be an integral domain with quotient field K, A a nonempty set of height-one maximal t-ideals of D, F$({\Lambda})={I{\subseteq}D|I$ is an ideal of D such that $I{\subseteq}P$ for all $P{\in}A}$, and $D_F({\Lambda})={x{\in}K|xA{\subseteq}D$ for some $A{\in}F({\Lambda})}$. In this paper, we prove that if each $P{\in}A$ is the radical of a finite type v-ideal (resp., a principal ideal), then $D_{F({\Lambda})}$ is a weakly Krull domain (resp., generalized weakly factorial domain) if and only if the intersection $D_{F({\Lambda})}={\cap}_{P{\in}A}D_P$ has finite character, if and only if $F({\Lambda})$ is a t-splitting set of ideals, if and only if $F({\Lambda})$ is v-finite.

월경통 환자의 체열분포에 대한 연구 (소음인, 태음인을 대상으로) (Study on the Thermography of Dysmenorreic women)

  • 김미진;이인선;김종원
    • 대한한방체열의학회지
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    • 제2권1호
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    • pp.11-16
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    • 2003
  • Purpose D.I.T.I. can be used to diagnose the dysmenorrhea and prove the Oriental Medical Theory and the Sasang Constitutional Medicine concerning Dysmenorrhea. According to the Sasang Constitutional Medicine, we chose 39 dysmenorrhea patients (Soeumin 26 Patients, Taeumin 13 Patients) and expremented D.I.T.I. to find difference of chilliness and fever in the upper part of body and the lower part of body. Methods We expremented 39 dysmenorrhea patients chosena expremental group from Apr 1. 2002 to May 30, 2002. We diagnosed the constitution by Q.S.C.C. and selected six acu-points CV-17, CV-12, CV-4, G-21, B-15 and B-23. To appraise difference of temperature according to constitution we compared skin temperature of front to back. Result Mean Absolute Value of ${\Delta}T$ in body (front and back) shows significant difference. Totally the temperature of front is higher than the temperature of back. the temperature of Soeumin is higher than the temperature of Taeumin in whole. Conciusion Especially the upper abdomen area(CV-17) shows high temperature in 39 dysmenorrhea patients, the lower abdomen area (CV-4) of Soeumin shows lower temperature relatively.

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THE LATTICE DISTRIBUTIONS INDUCED BY THE SUM OF I.I.D. UNIFORM (0, 1) RANDOM VARIABLES

  • PARK, C.J.;CHUNG, H.Y.
    • 대한수학회지
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.59-61
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    • 1978
  • Let $X_1$, $X_2$, ${\cdots}$, $X_n$ be i.i.d. uniform (0,1) random variables. Let $f_n(x)$ denote the probability density function (p.d.f.) of $T_n={\sum}^n_{i=1}X_i$. Consider a set S(x ; ${\delta}$) of lattice points defined by S(x ; ${\delta}$) = $x{\mid}x={\delta}+j$, j=0, 1, ${\cdots}$, n-1, $0{\leq}{\delta}{\leq}1$} The lattice distribution induced by the p.d.f. of $T_n$ is defined as follow: (1) $f_n^{(\delta)}(x)=\{f_n(x)\;if\;x{\in}S(x;{\delta})\\0\;otherwise.$. In this paper we show that $f_n{^{(\delta)}}(x)$ is a probability function thus we obtain a family of lattice distributions {$f_n{^{(\delta)}}(x)$ : $0{\leq}{\delta}{\leq}1$}, that the mean and variance of the lattice distributions are independent of ${\delta}$.

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과민성대장증후군(過敏性大腸症候群) 환자(患者)에 대한 적외선(赤外線) 체열영상촬영기기(體熱映像撮影器機)( D.I.T.I)의 응용연구 (The Clinical Studies on the Irritable Syndrome by Using D.I.T.I.)

  • 김달래;백태현
    • 대한한방내과학회지
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    • 제21권1호
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    • pp.7-12
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    • 2000
  • Objectives : This studies were performed to investigate the correlation between the treatment effects and the changes of the thermal differences at the pre and post-treatment by using the digital infrared computer thermographic imaging (D.I.T.I) to the irritable colon syndrome 30 patients. Methods : The extracts of the gwakhyangjunggisan were administerd to the patients by oral method three times per day during four weeks. we selected the Chung-Wan($CV_{12}$), Chunchu($S_{25}$). Hapkok($LI_4$), Naegwan($P_6$), Yongdo($H_4$) acupoints and treated the patients two times per week during four weeks. One week later, we investigated the changes of the pressure pain around left side Pokkyol($SP_{14}$), the symptoms. and the skin temperature changes on Pokkyol($SP_{14}$) and Kimun($LR_{14}$) around, by using the D.I.T.I. Results : In the correlation between the severity of the pressure pain around left side Pokkyol($SP_{14}$) and the thermal differences on Pokkyol($SP_{14}$) and Kimun($LR_{14}$) around, before the treatment, the more the pain was severe, the more the skin temperature was differential significantly. In the correlation between the severity of the symptoms and the thermal differences on Pokkyol($SP_{14}$) and Kimun($LR_{14}$) around, before the treatment, the more the symptom was severe, the more the skin temperature was differential significantly. In the changes of the pressure pain around left side of Pokkyol($SP_{14}$), the improved were significantly higher than the unimproved. In the changes of the symptoms, the improved were significantly higher than the unimproved. In the correlation between the changes of the pressure pain around left side Pokkyol($SP_{14}$) and the changes of the thermal differences at the pre and post- treatment, the more the pain was improved, the more the thermal change was widened significantly. In the correlation between the changes of the symptoms and the changes of thermal differences at the pre and post-treatment, the more the symptom was improved. the more the thermal change was widened significantly. Conclusions : Above the results, the treatments was effective and the digital infrared computer thermographic imaging (D.I.T.I) was useful to prove the improvements of the pressure pain and the symptom with the irritable bowel syndrome patients.

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요추간판탈출증(腰椎間板脫出症) 치료(治療)에 미치는 오공약침(蜈蚣藥針)에 대한 임상적(臨床的) 고찰(考察) (The clinical study on treatment of HIVD of lumbar spine using Scolopendrid Herbal Acupuncture)

  • 박소영;최회강;소기숙;황우준;이건목;김성철;고강훈
    • 대한약침학회지
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    • 제6권1호
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    • pp.19-32
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    • 2003
  • Objective : This study is perfonned for the purpose of examining the efficacy of the scolopendrid (Scolopendra morsitans L.) which has been used to low back pain as a folk remedy. Methods & Results : Seventy patients with H.I.V.D. treated with the scolopendrid aquacupuncture and examined 4 tests; D.I.T.L., physical test, Oswestry disability index, and self-conscious pain rate were studied. There was $50{\sim}100\%$ of efficacy rate in each tests. Moreover, statistically valuable change in 5 to 7 D.I.T.I. points and in self-conscious pain rate was showed. Conclusion : The scolopendrid aquacupuncture is possible to be effective treating the H.I.V.D patients. So we suggest the possibility using this new remedy to the H.I.V.D. patients.