• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.137-143
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• 2017

In this study, a wear test method was proposed to predict the wear life of the CrN layer coated on the surface of the press tools for manufacturing the auto-parts with ultra high strength steel (UHSS) with a tensile strength of 1.5 GPa. The pin-on-disc type wear test was carried out to confirm the feasibility and the reproducibility of the wear amount according to the test conditions such as the normal force, the sliding velocity, and the sliding speed. The test conditions were obtained from the finite element stamping analysis and the wear simulation. With the wear amount from the wear test, a prediction model of the wear depth in the CrN coating layer was proposed according to the test conditions with the design of experiments such as Taguchi method and the response surface method. The derived prediction model was then compared to the result of the Archard wear model, fully describing that the proposed model can effectively predict the wear life of the press tools for the auto-parts with UHSS.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.431-438
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• 2014

For electromagnetic forming(EMF) the most important feature is a forming coil which creates the electromagnetic force(Lorentz force), using current density and a magnetic field. Most previous papers have concentrated on the final configuration of the blank or the efficiency of EMF process. Studies focused on the design parameters affected by the forming coil performance have not been conducted. In order to design a suitable forming coil for an object, the current study uses LS-DYNA EM-Module to not only optimize the coil but also to examine the effect of coil performance. By this method a suitable forming coil was made and tested to determine whether or not good formability was achieved in a free bulge test Numerical analysis was also used. The workpiece was Al 1100-O with a thickness of 1.27mm and the coil was made from copper CW004A, which has good electrical conductivity and is suitable for electrical components.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.235-242
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• 2005

This study introduces the Reliability-Based Design Optimization (RBDO) to enhance the kinematic and compliance (K & C) characteristics of automotive suspension system. In previous studies, the deterministic optimization has been performed to enhance the K & C characteristics. Unfortunately, uncertainties in the real world have not been considered in the deterministic optimization. In the design of suspension system, design variables with the uncertainties, such as the bushing stiffness, have a great influence on the variation of the suspension performances. There is a need to quantify these uncertainties and to apply the RBDO to obtain the design, satisfying the target reliability level. In this research, design variables including uncertainties are dealt as random variables and reliability of the suspension performances, which are related the K & C characteristics, are quantified and the RBDO is performed. The RBD-optimum is compared with the deterministic optimum to verify the enhancement in reliability. Thus, the reliability of the suspension performances is estimated and the RBD-optimum, satisfying the target reliability level, is determined.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.166-168
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• 2003

전력계통의 안정운용을 위하여 대용량 발전소와 주요 345kV 전력소로부터 시각 동기화된 계통 운전자료를 온라인으로 취득하여 계통 안정성을 실시간으로 감시, 분석할 수 있는 전력계통 온라인 안정성 감시, 분석시스템을 개발하였다. 전력계통 온라인 안정성 감시, 분석시스템은 크게 Master 시스템과 Local 시스템으로 구성된다. Local 시스템은 시각동기 데이터 취득시스템(TSDS)이라고도 하는데, GPS를 이용한 시각 동기화된 계통 운전데이터를 측정하고, 지역사고 판단 및 사고데이터를 기록하며, 측정/기록데이터를 Master 시스템으로 온라인 전송해주는 역할을 한다. Master 시스템은 각 Local 시스템에서 전송되어진 측정/기록데이터를 수집하고, 광역사고 판단 및 사고데이터를 기록하며, 과도안정도를 온라인으로 평가해주는 역할은 한다. 현재 1단계 연구결과로서 울진, 영광, 고리 원자력발전소와 동서울,신제천,청양,아산,신옥천 전력소 등 총 8개소에 Local 시스템 설치 및 시운전이 완료되었고, 한국전력거래소(KPX)에 설치된 Master 시스템을 이용하여 TSDS의 확대적용을 위한 활용성 검증작업을 진행하고 있다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1998.07a
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• pp.205-208
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• 1998

영구자석형 하이브리드 스텝모터는 저가이며 개루프 제어 장치와 더불어 기계적인 제어시스템분야에서 광범위하게 이용되어 왔다. 서보모터 기술의 발달에 따라 영구자석형 스템모터는 고토크, 정밀제어의 응용분야에 있어 중요한 위치를 계속 점유하고 있다. 스텝모터는 외란으로서 작용하는 부하의 영향에 대해 안정한 견고성을 가지며, 적당한 속도와 양호한 분해능의 조합으로 신뢰도가 높고, 구조상 단순한 특징을 갖고 있다. 최근 저가의 개루프 위치제어 장치에 2상 스텝모터와 5상 스텝모터 중에서 어느 것이 더 적합한가에 대한 기술적인 주제가 주목할 어느 것이 더 적합한가에 대한 기술적인 주제가 주목할 만한 문제로 대두되고 있다. 이 두 기기의 구조는 거의 유사하며 같은 원리로 동작한다. 본 논문에서는 이 두 기기의 동작이 명백히 비교될 수 있는 기본적인 수준으로 돌아가서 두 모델을 고찰했다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1999.07a
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• pp.232-234
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• 1999

A 30kVA superconducting generator (S.G.) has been designed, developed and successfully tested in KERI before the end of last year. The design is based on 2-dimensional electromagnetic field analysis of cylindrical coordinate. The field winding of rotor has been wound with superconducting wire of Nb-Ti alloy and tested after assembled with other rotor components. The stator has air-gap type armature windings which allow higher terminal voltage and more sinusoidal voltage waveform than conventional iron cored machines. Steady-state open & short-circuit test and lamp load test have been conducted also. The results of tests are given in this paper and compared with design quantities. Moreover the cooling scheme and characteristics of test system is included.

• BMB Reports
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.525-529
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• 1996

Ligand binding properties of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) were characterized by using filtration binding assays. Scatchard analysis using $[^{3}H]N-methylscopolamine$ ($[^{3}H]NMS$) showed that the dissociation constant ($K_d$) and the maximum binding value ($B_{max}$) were $3.3{\pm}0.8{\times}10^{10}$ M and $9.0{\pm}1.1$ fmol/mg protein, respectively. Binding competition experiments indicated that the affinities of C. elegans mAChRs to atropine, scopolamine, and oxotremorine were similar to those of mammalian mAChRs. Pirenzepine binding experiments revealed that the binding pattern of mAChRs in C. elegans closely resembled that of mAChRs in rat brain, suggesting that the receptors consist primarily of Ml subtype. The affinity of mAChRs for oxotrernorine was significantly affected by guanylylimidodiphosphate (Gpp(NH)p), a non hydrolyzable GTP analog, suggesting that mAChRs in C. elegans might be coupled to G proteins. The data presented here indicate the possibility that C. elegans provides a living animal model to study the action mode of the muscarinic cholinergic system.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06b
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• pp.584-589
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• 2001

This paper presents the dynamic parameter design optimization of a suspension seat system using the genetic algorithm. At first, an equivalent 1-D.O.F. mass-spring-damper model of a suspension seat system was constructed for the purpose of its vibration analysis. Vertical vibration response and transmissibility of the equivalent model due to base excitations, which are defined in the ISO's seat vibration test codes, were computed. Furthermore, seat vibration test, that is ISO's damping test, was carried out in order to investigate the validity of the equivalent suspension seat model. Both analytical and experimental results showed good agreement each other. For the design optimization, the acceleration transmissibility of the suspension seat model was adopted as an object function. A simple genetic algorithm was used to search the optimum values of the design variables, suspension stiffness and damping coefficient. Finally, vibration ride performance test results showed that the optimum suspension parameters gives the lowest vibration transmissibility. Accordingly the genetic algorithm and the equivalent suspension seat modelling can be successfully adopted in the vibration ride quality optimization of a suspension seat system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.138-143
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• 2005

The important problem in the high speed spindles is to reduce and minimize the thermal effect by the motor and ball bearings. Thermal characteristics according to the bearing preload and hollow shaft cooling are studied for the spindle with the oil mist lubrication and high frequency motor. Temperature distribution and thermal deformation according to the spindle speed, preload and flow rate are measured by thermocouple and gap sensor. Temperature distribution and thermal deformation are analyzed by using the finite element method. The results of analysis are compared with the measured data. This paper show that the suitable preload and hollow shaft cooling are very effective to minimize the thermal effect by the motor and ball bearings. This study indicates that temperature distribution and thermal deformation of the high speed spindle system can be estimated reasonably by using the three dimensional model through the finite element method and supports thermal optimization and more effective cooling method.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.595-598
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• 2009

The authors describe an analytical method to determine total chlorine in a sanitizer liquid, incorporating a lab-made He-rf-plasma within a PDMS polymer microchip. Helium was used instead of Ar to produce a plasma to achieve efficient Cl excitation. A quartz tube 1 mm i.d. was embedded in the central channel of the polymer microchip to protect it from damage. Rotational temperature of the He-microchip plasma was in the range 1350-3600 K, as estimated from the spectrum of the OH radical. Chlorine was generated in a volatilization reaction vessel containing potassium permanganate in combination of sulfuric acid and then introduced into the polymer microchip plasma (PMP). Atomic emission lines of Cl at 438.2 nm and 837.7 nm were used for analysis; no emission was observed for Ar plasma. The achieved limit of detection was 0.81 ${\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ (rf powers of 30-70 W), which was sensitive enough to analyze sanitizers that typically contained 100-200 ${\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ of free chlorine in chlorinated water. This study demonstrates the usefulness of the devised PMP system in the food sciences and related industries.