• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.40-50
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• 2010

본 논문은 미세 CMOS 공정의 PMOS 트랜지스터에 높은 전류가 인가될 때 발생하는 기생 PNP 바이폴라 트랜지스터의 스냅백과 breakdown 동작에 초점을 맞춘다. $0.13\;{\mu}m$ CMOS 공정을 이용해 제작한 다양한 I/O 구조를 분석함으로써 PMOSFET의 ESD 손상 현상의 원인을 규명하였다. 즉, 인접한 다이오드로부터 PMOSFET의 바디로 전하가 주입됨으로써 PMOSFET의 기생 PNP 트랜지스터가 부분적으로 turn-on되는 현상이 발생하여 ESD에 대한 저항성을 저하시킨다. 2차원 소자 시뮬레이션을 통해 레이아웃의 기하학적 변수의 영향을 분석하였다. 이를 기반으로 새로운 PMOSFET ESD 손상을 방지하는 설계 방법을 제안한다.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제13B권2호
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• pp.187-196
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• 2006

대부분의 3차원 캐릭터 애니메이션에서는 모션 캡쳐 장비를 통해서 포착된 동작 데이터를 이용하여 다양한 지형상에서 캐릭터의 이동 동작을 표현한다. 이러한 동작 포착 데이터는 실제 사람과 같이 움직이는 동작들을 자연스럽게 표현할 수 있으나, 만약 다양한 지형에 대해 움직이는 동작을 표현할 경우, 지형의 유형에 따라 모든 동작을 캡쳐하여야 하고, 얻어진 동작 데이터를 다른 유형의 캐릭터에 적용할 경우 동작 데이터를 다시 얻거나 기존 동작 데이터를 재편집해야 하는 어려움이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 평지면, 경사면, 계단면 그리고 굴곡면 등 다양한 지형에서의 적응적인 걷기, 달리기의 이동 동작을 생성하기 위한 통합적 생성 방법을 제안한다. 이 방법에서는 캐릭터의 신장이나 걷는 속도 걸음폭 등의 적은 매개변수들을 사용하여 이동 동작을 생성할 수 있다. 관절들의 위치나 각도는 역운동학(Inverse Kinematics)방법으로 계산하고, 골반과 이동하는 다리의 움직임 궤적 산출은 큐빅 스플라인 곡선을 활용한다. 또한 제안된 방법을 통해서 다양한 실제 캐릭터에 적용하여 이동 동작을 확인한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.225-232
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• 2022

Background: Pulmonary lobectomy is the standard of care for the treatment of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. This study investigated the rate of utilization of supplemental anesthesia in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) or open lobectomy using a national database and assessed the effect of regional block (RB) on postoperative outcomes. Methods: Patients who underwent lobectomy for lung cancer between 2014-2019 were identified in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program. The patients' primary mode of anesthesia and supplemental anesthesia were recorded. Preoperative characteristics and postoperative outcomes were compared between 2 surgical groups: those who underwent general anesthesia (GA) alone versus GA with RB. Multivariable regression analyses were performed on the outcomes of interest. Results: In total, 13,578 patients met the study criteria, with 87% undergoing GA and the remaining 13% receiving GA and RB. The use of neuraxial anesthesia decreased over the years, while RB use increased up to 20% in 2019. Age, body mass index, and preoperative comorbidities were comparable between groups. Patients who underwent VATS were more likely to receive RB than those who underwent thoracotomy. RB was most often utilized by thoracic surgeons. An adjusted analysis showed that RB use was associated with shorter hospital stays and a reduced likelihood of prolonged length of stay, but a higher rate of surgical site infections (SSIs). Conclusion: In a large surgical database, there was underutilization of supplemental anesthesia in patients undergoing lobectomy for lung cancer. RB utilization was associated with a shorter length of hospital stay and an increase in SSI incidence.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.291-299
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• 2004

요크셔종과 버크셔종 교배 실험 집단을 활용하여 양적형질 유전자좌 (QTL)의 발현 특성 관련 유전 양식을 조사하였다. 총 512두의 F$_2$ 자손이 F$_1$간의 65교배 조합으로부터 생산되었으며 표현형 조사 기록은 일당증제량(ADG), 평균 등지방 두께(ABF), 10번째 등뼈 부위 등지방 두께(TRF) 및 등심단면적(LEA), 최후 척추부위 등지방 두께 (LRF)였다. 125종의 유전자 표지 (microsatellite)에 대한 3세대 개체별 유전자형이 분석되었으며 이들 정보를 통하여 최소자승 회귀 모형을 이용한 interval mapping 방법을 적용하였다. QTL의 유전양식 여부 검정에 대한 절차를 도식화하기 위해 귀무가설인 통상의 벤델리안 모형에 근거를 두고 수행하였다. 경험적 다중 검정 통계량에 대한 임계치는 단일 개개의 염색체 수준과 게놈 전반에 걸친 실험수준으로 유도하였으며, permutation에 의해 유도된 임계치의 유효성을 검증하기 위해 본 연구에 활용된 실험축 집단 구조와 유사한 simulation 집단 구조에 의해 산출된 결과들과 비교하여 유효성이 인정되었다. 본 연구에 활용된 실험축 집단구조와 Genome 전반에 걸친 QTL imprinting 여부를 조사한 결과 13종의 QTL 에 대한 imprinting이 확인되었으며 이들 중 9종의 QTL 유전 양식은 부계로부터 전달된 자손에게만 발현되는 것으로 추론되었다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2007년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2007
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• pp.243-245
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• 2007

This study was begun to classify the paddy fields by the rice varieties and to monitor the temporal change in rice growth using SAR backscatter coefficients $({\sigma}^{circ})$. For nine fine-beam mode images of Radarsat-1 SAR, a growing period time-series of backscatter coefficients was set up from April to October in 2005, and was compared with the field-measured rice growth parameters such as LAI (leaf area index), plant height, fresh and dry biomass, and water content in grain and plant for 45 parcels in Dangjin-gun, Chungcheongnam Province, South Korea. The average backscatter coefficients for early-maturing rice varieties (13 parcels) were ranged from -18.17dB to -6.06dB and were lower than for medium-late maturing rice varieties during most of the growing season. At around the heading stage (July 30) for early-maturing rice, both rice crops showed the highest backscatter coefficient values and the difference was the greatest before harvesting early-maturing rice. The temporal difference in backscatter coefficients between rice varieties was expected to play a key role to identify early-maturing rice fields. On the other hand, comparison with field-measured rice growth parameters showed that the backscatter coefficients decreased or stayed on the plateau after heading stage even though the growth of rice canopy advanced.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.480-486
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• 2016

Manufacturers have been applying several technologies that can improve the fuel economy of their cars. The regulated voltage control(RVC) system, is one of those technologies being used in passenger cars. In RVC, the voltage of an alternator is controlled depending on the electrical load demand or battery SOC, although each manufacturer differs from another in terms of detail. RVC can reduce the load of an alternator by consuming the stored energy of a battery and simultaneously generate energy. In this paper, a diesel passenger car equipped with an RVC system was tested under FTP-75 and HWFET modes to evaluate fuel economy as their initial battery SOC(100, 90, 80 and 60 %). The test results showed that the initial SOC affects fuel economy only under the FTP-75 mode. FTP-75 fuel economy of the 60% SOC was 13.2 % lower than the 100 % SOC. Also, the simultaneous consumption of the two energy sources did not appear in 60 % SOC.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.631-642
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• 2015

The purpose of the study was to examine health status and mini nutritional assessment (MNA) according to self-esteem status of elderly in care hospital. The survey was carried out from $13^{th}$ to $31^{st}$ of September, 2014 in five care hospitals. Analysis was performed for 226 subjects. Evaluation criteria included demographics, clinical status, MNA, health-related quality of life (EQ-5D) and self-esteem. The SE I, SE II and SE III groups were divided by self-esteem scores. Data were analyzed one-way ANOVA, Duncan' multiple range test and Pearson's correlation using SPSS 15.0. Education level, religion, dental condition and medical endurance type were significantly different in all groups. Many elderly people were normal BMI ($20.94{\sim}21.67kg/m^2$). Self-esteem significantly increased in order of SE I, SE II and SE III. Mobility, usual activity and anxiety or depression were significantly different in all groups, and EQ-5D of SE II and SE III groups were significantly higher than that of SE I group. Comparison of MNA screening score in elderly patients was as follows : Score for food intake, psychological stress or acute disease, neuropsychological problems, pressure scores or skin ulcer, protein intake, mode of feeding, nutritional status and health status in SE I group were significantly lower than those of SE II and SE III groups. Mobility and drug intake of SE I group were significantly lower than those of SE III groups. Fruit and vegetable intake SE I group were significantly higher than those of SE II and SE III groups. MIS (Malnutrition Indicator Score) was significantly different among the SE I, SE II and SE III groups. We conclude that self-esteem score is positively correlated with protein intake, nutrition status, health status and MIS in elderly care hospital. To improve nutritional status of elderly in care hospitals, systematic nutrition management and self-esteem education program should be implemented.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.436-441
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• 2014

We have demonstrated an amplified wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) passive optical network (PON) by using broadband light source (BLS) seeded optical sources and chirped fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) based dispersion compensators. Chirped FBGs located at central office (CO) were fabricated and used as channel-by-channel dispersion compensators in order to mitigate the dispersion-induced distortion of both downstream and upstream signals. Owing to a low insertion loss of chirped FBG based dispersion compensator, the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) of the downstream signal could be improved to be ~28 dB. Thus, we re-confirmed that an error-free transmission of 1.25 Gb/s signals over a 100 km single-mode fiber (SMF) link could be achieved with a proposed amplified WDM-PON architecture. We have also evaluated the impact of various noises on the system's performance, and found that the low OSNR of the downstream signal would be a main limiting factor on the maximum reach of the proposed amplified WDM-PON architecture. From the measured ~13 dB improvement in OSNR of the downstream signal compared to our previously-proposed dispersion compensating module based scheme, we believe that the proposed architecture can accommodate a reach of longer than 100 km SMF link easily.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.156-162
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 뇌파 신호를 측정할 수 있는 고정밀도의 뇌파측정시스템을 제작하였다. 전치증폭기는 분리증폭기의 방식으로 잡음제거 능력을 향상하였으며, 높은 사용자 안전도를 갖도록 제작하였다. 제작된 뇌파측정시스템은 주파수 대역별로 알파, 베타, 세타로 자동으로 분류될 수 있도록 A/D 변환하였다. 변환된 데이터는 DSP를 이용하여 실시간으로 FFT처리를 하였다. 실험은 현재 병력이 없고 건강 상태가 양호한 만 20세에서 26세까지의 학생을 대상으로 실시하였다. 외부의 물리적인 자극이 뇌파에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여, 현재 시판되고 있는 뇌파 자극기인 MS제품을 이용하여 시각과 청각의 두 상태로 외부자극을 주고, 그 반응을 측정하여 비교하였다. 피검자의 감성평가 측정결과 본 연구에서 제작한 뇌파측정기가 유효함을 확인하였으며, 심리적인 상태변화를 조사할 수 있었다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제27권8호
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• pp.486-490
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• 2014

$Al_2O_3$ films on silicon carbide were fabricated by Aerosol deposition with annealing temperature at $800^{\circ}C$ and $1,000^{\circ}C$. The effect of thermal treatment on physical properties of $Al_2O_3$ thin films has been investigated by XRD (X-ray diffraction), AFM (atomic force microscope), SEM (scanning electron microscope), and AES (auger electron spectroscopy). Also electrical properties have been investigated by Keithley 4,200 semiconductor parameter analyzer to explain the interface trapped charge density ($D_{it}$), flatband voltage ($V_{FB}$) and leakage current ($I_o$). $Al_2O_3$ films become crystallized with increasing temperature by calculating full width at half maximum (FWHM) of diffraction peaks, also surface morphology is observed by topography measurement in non-contact mode AFM. $D_{it}$ was $2.26{\times}10^{-12}eV^{-1}.cm^{-2}$ at $800^{\circ}C$ annealed sample, which is the lowest value in all samples. Also the sample annealed at $800^{\circ}C$ has the lowest leakage current of $4.89{\times}10^{-13}A$.