• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.591-612
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• 2017

Increase in the hydrophilicity (HPCT) of polysulfone (PS) membrane and subsequently decrease in fouling can be achieved by surface modification of PS based membranes. Therefore, in this work, ultrafiltration membranes with increased HPCT were prepared using the enantiomeric tartaric acid (D-TA) and racemic tartaric acid (DL-TA). Phase inversion technique was used for the preparation of polyethylene glycol and TA blended PS membrane. Morphological analysis of the fabricated membranes was done by scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscopy. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution was taken for finding the permeation and rejection behavior of prepared membranes. Maximum BSA rejection was increased by 70.5% for the modified membrane.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권9호
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• pp.3382-3388
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• 2011

Reaction of barbituric acid (BA), 1,3-dimethyl barbituric acid (DMBA) and 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) with cyanogen bromide and aldehydes in the presence of L-(+)-tartaric acid afforded a new route for the synthesis of stable heterocyclic 5-aryl-1H,1'H-spiro[furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6,5'-pyrimidine]2,2',4,4',6'(3H,3'H,5H)-pentaones which is a dimeric form of barbiturate (uracil and thiouracil derivative). In the reaction of 1,3-diethyl thiobarbituric acid (DETBA) the Knoevenagel condensation and then Michael adducts were obtained under the same condition. Structure elucidation is carried out by $^1H$ NMR, $^{13}C$ NMR, FT-IR and Mass analyses. Mechanism of the formation is discussed.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.138-143
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• 1996

인도 Daba 작잠 품종 고치에 대하여 주석산을 이용한 고치 삶기 방법이 적정화가 시도되었는데 고치층 감모율과 고치의 실켜기 길이는 주석산 처리 시간과 처리농도에 영향을 받았지만 고치실의 기계적 성질은 처리 조건 범위 내에서 차를 보이지 않았다. 또한 고치 삶기 용수의 경도는 작잠고치의 실켜기 길이에 크게 영향을 주지 않았다.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.257-275
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• 2016

The enantiomeric and racemic effects of tartaric acid (TA) on the properties of polysulfone (PSn) ultrafiltration membranes were studied in terms of morphology and hydrophilicity (HPCT) of membrane. Asymmetric membranes were prepared by direct blending of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) with D-TA and DL-TA in membrane casting solution. FTIR analysis was done for the confirmation of the reaction of PVP and TA in blended membranes and plain PSn membranes. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used for analyzing the morphology and structure of the resulting membranes. The membranes were characterized in terms of pure water flux (PWF), hydraulic permeability and HPCT. PWF increased from $52L/m^2h$ to $79.9L/m^2h$ for plain and D-TA containing PSn membrane, respectively. Water contact angle also found to be decreased from $68^{\circ}$ to $55^{\circ}$. In Additionally, permeation and rejection behavior of prepared membranes was studied by bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution. A considerable increase in BSA flux (from $19.1L/m^2h$ for plain membrane to $32.1L/m^2h$ for D-TA containing membrane) was observed. FESEM images affirm that the pore size of the membranes decreases and the membrane permeability increases from 0.16 to 0.32 by the addition of D-TA in the membrane. D-TA increases the HPCT whereas; DL-TA decreases the HPCT of PSn membrane. PVP (average molecular weight of 40000 Da) with D-TA (1 wt%) gave best performance among all the membranes for each parameter.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.6-9
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• 2010

In continuing our search for biologically active compounds from Korean Compositae medicinal plants, we investigated the constituents of the aerial parts of Lactuca indica L. and isolated a phenylpropanoid derivative from its MeOH extract. The chemical structure was characterized by spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR to be di-E-caffeoyl-meso-tartaric acid (1). Compound 1 was isolated for the first time from this plant. In this paper, we suggest that the NMR assignment at C-2 of (+)-taraxafolin-B should be corrected. In the human HBV-transfected liver cell line HepG2.2.15, the compound 1 effectively reduced HBV DNA level in the release of mature HBV particles from HepG2.2.15 cultivation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.659-665
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• 2010

A cis-epoxysuccinate hydrolase (CESH) from Bordetella sp. BK-52 was purified 51.4-fold with a yield of 27.1% using ammonium sulfate precipitation, ionic exchange, hydrophobic interaction, molecular sieve chromatography and an additional anion-exchange chromatography. The CESH was stable in a broad range of temperature (up to $50^{\circ}C$) and pH (4.0-10.0) with optima of $40^{\circ}C$ and pH 6.5, respectively. It could be partially inhibited by EDTA-$Na_2$, $Ag^+$, SDS, and DTT, and slightly enhanced by $Ba^{2+}$ and $Ca^{2+}$. The enzyme exhibited high stereospecificity in D(-)-tartaric acid (enantiomeric excess value higher than 99%) with $K_m$ and $V_max$ values of 18.67 mM and $94.34\;{\mu}M$/min/mg for disodium cis-epoxysuccinate, respectively. The Bordetella sp. BK-52 CESH gene, which contained 885 nucleotides (open reading frame) encoding 294 amino acids with a molecular mass of about 32 kDa, was successfully overexpressed in Escherichia coli using a T7/lac promoter vector and the enzyme activity was increased 42-times compared with the original strain. It may be an industrial biocatalyst for the preparation of D(-)-tartaric acid.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.680-685
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• 1998

Two kinds of new aliphatic diols were synthesized by the ring-opening reaction of lactide and glycolide with 1,4-butanediol, a difunctional initiator, in the presence of stannous octoate. The resulting aliphatic diols were melt-polymerized with D-tartaric acid at 150 ℃ to produce new crosslinkable polyesters. They were reacted with hexamethylene diisocyanate in THF at 65 ℃ in a teflon mold for 24 h to prepare sequentially ordered crosslinked polyesters (BD/LT/GL/D-tartarate). Degradation of the prepared yellow crosslinked films was carried out in a buffer solution in order to examine the effect of time, pH, temperature and crosslinking degree on their degradation rate and mechanism. The rate of degradation increased with an increase in pH and temperature, but it decreased with increasing degree of crosslinkage incorporated into the crosslinked polyesters. We also found that the crosslinked polymers were converted into the acidic compounds such as lactic, glycolic, and D-tartaric acids during the degradation.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.278-282
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• 1979

한국산(韓國産) 고추를 과피(果皮), 종자(種字), 태좌(胎座)의 부위(部位)로 나누어 유리당(遊離糖)과 유기산(有機酸)을 가스 크로마토래피에 의하여 측정(測定)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 과피(果皮), 종자(種字), 태좌(胎座)에서 다같이 ${\alpha}-$ 및 ${\beta}-frutoses$, ${\alpha}$ 및 ${\beta}-flucoses$, galactose, sucrose, maltose을 동정(同定)할 수있었고, 과피(果皮)에서는 fructose, 종자(種子)와 태좌(胎座)에서는 sucrose와 frutose의 함량(含量)이 가장 높았다. 그리고 유리당(遊離糖)의 절대량(絶對量)이 과피(果皮)에는 종자(種子) 태좌(胎座) 보다 적었다. 2. 과피(果皮) 종자(種子) 태좌(胎座)에서 다같이 succinic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, quinic acid를 동정(同定)할수 있었다. 과피(果皮)와 태좌(胎座)d에서는 citric acid의 함량(含量)이 가장 높았고, 종자(種子)에서는 동정(同定)된 각 산(酸)의 함량(含量)이 비슷하였다. 그리고 유기산(有機酸)의 절대량(絶對量)이 종자(種子)에는 과피(果皮)와 태좌(胎座) 보다 훨씬 적었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.379-385
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 떫은감의 대표적인 품종인 대봉감과 반시의 일반성분 및 영양성분을 분석하고 비교하였으며, 대봉감과 반시의 재배지역별 영양성분의 특성을 살펴보았다. 다양한 영양성분은 품종에 따라 다른 함량을 나타냈는데 대봉감 품종은 불용성 식이섬유, 베타카로틴, 과당, 자당, 만니톨, 칼륨, 사과산, 호박산, 총 페놀화합물이 반시 품종에 비해 유의적으로 높은 함량을 나타냈으며, 반대로 반시 품종은 수분 함량, 조단백질 함량, 비타민 C, 칼슘, 망간, 주석산, 총 플라보노이드 함량이 대봉감 품종에 비해 유의적으로 높은 함량을 보였다. 재배지역에 따라 많은 성분들이 유의적인 차이를 나타냈다. 다른 지역에 비해 비교적 높은 함량을 보이는 영양성분은 A지역은 베타카로틴, 솔비톨, 만니톨, 아연, 총 페놀화합물, B지역은 조지방 함량, 리코펜, 자당, 자일리톨, 사과산, C지역은 호박산, D지역은 수분 함량, 망간, 탄닌, E지역은 조단백질 함량, 나트륨, 망간, 칼슘, 주석산, 총 플라보노이드 함량이었다. 이상의 결과로 떫은감은 품종이나 재배지역에 따라 많은 영양성분의 유의적인 차이를 나타낸다는 것을 확인하였으며 이런 차이는 떫은감을 활용한 가공제품 생산 시 고려되어야 할 사항으로 생각된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.912-917
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• 2005

전남 지방에서 생산되는 매생이를 채취하여 이화학적 성분을 조사하였다. 일반성분은 건물기준 탄수화물이 53.65%로 가장 많이 함유하고 있었고, 조단백질 31.76%, 회분 13.58%와 조 지방이 1.01%로 나타났다. 매생이에 주로 함유되어 있는 무기성분으로는 Na>Mg>Ca>K>P 순으로 나타났으며 Se도 검출되었다. 유리당은 총 5종의 유리당(fructose, glucose, sucrose, maltose, galactose)이 분석되었으며 유기산은 l-malic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, D-malic acid 등 4종이 검출되었다. 매생이의 구성 아미노산은 전체적으로 고루 함유되어 있었고 그 중 glutamic acid, aspartic acid와 alanine이 전체의 36.2%를 차지하였다. 매생이에 함유된 주요 지방산으로는 palmitic acid, linolenoc acid, stearidonic acid 순이었으며 고도 불포화지방산이 전체의 58.37%를 차지하고 있었다.