• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.32-41
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• 2021

South Korea presently harbors less than 800 long-tailed gorals (Naemorhedus caudatus), an endangered species. I report for the first time on the taxonomic status and genetic diversity of the Korean species using non-invasive fecal sampling based on mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequence analyses. To determine the taxonomic status of this species, I reconstructed a consensus neighbor-joining tree and generated a minimum spanning network combining haplotype sequences obtained from feces with a new goral-specific primer set developed using known sequences of the Korean goral and related species (e.g., Russian goral, Chinese goral, Himalayan goral, Japanese serow, etc.). I also examined the genetic diversity of this species. The Korean goral showed only three different haplotypes. The phylogenetic tree and parsimony haplotype network revealed a single cluster of Korean and Russian gorals, separate from related species. Generally, the Korean goral has a relatively low genetic diversity compared with that of other ungulate species (e.g., moose and red deer). I preliminarily showcased the application of non-invasive fecal sampling to the study of genetic characteristics, including the taxonomic status and genetic diversity of gorals, based on mitochondrial DNA. More phylogenetic studies are necessary to ensure the conservation of goral populations throughout South Korea.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.353-359
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• 2010

Nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of 19 leopard cats (Prionailurus bangalensis euptilura) obtained from Seoul grand park zoo in South Korea were determined for analysing genetic diversity. In the leopard cats, 3 haplotypes of the partial cytochrome b sequences (603 base-pairs, bp) were identified. Haplotypes obtained from those genes showed existences of at least 3 maternal lineages of leopard cats in Korea. Tamura-Nei nucleotide distance among 3 haplotypes were 0.00. Molecular phylogenetic tree showed the similar clustering of haplotypes for genes. Meanwhile, no individual variations within the leopard cats in S. Korea. Genetic surveillance system of leopard cats in S. Korea is warranted for maintaining biological conservation.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.375-380
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• 2002

Cytochrome P4501A2 (CYP1A2) is a member of the cytochrome P450 family of isozymes involved in the phase I drug metabolism of vertebrates. CYP1A2 is responsible for the activation of a number of aromatic amines to mutagenic and carcinogenic forms. Thus, the level of CYP1A2, which varies among different populations, may determine an individual's susceptibility to these chemicals. We have previously reported on the importance of a cis element named PRB (protected region B) in the regulation of human Cytochrome P4501A2 (CYP1A2) gene, which appeared to act as a positive regulatory element. Closer examination of the PRB sequence (-2218 to -2187 bp) revealed a putative AP-1 binding site, TGACTAA, at -2212 bp (Chung and Bresnick, 1997). To elucidate the role of AP-1 in CYP1A2 regulation, we transiently overexpressed c-Jun and c-Fos transcription factors in human hepatoma HepG2 cells, and examined their influence on the CYP1A2 promoter activity by reporter gene assays. Cotransfection of the c-Jun and the c-Fos expression vectors increased the induced transactivation by five to six fold from the CYP1A2 promoter constructs. However, deletion of the PRB element did not affect the degree of activation by the c-Jun and the c-Fos. Therefore, it is unlikely that the c-Jun and the c-Fos activate the CYP1A2 promoter through this AP-1 consensus-like sequence in the PRB region.

• 대한방사성의약품학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.118-122
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• 2015

Suicidal gene therapy is based on the transduction of tumor cells with "suicide" genes encoding for prodrug-activating enzymes that render target cells susceptible to prodrug treatment. Suicidal gene therapy results in the death of tumor with the expression of gene encoding enzyme that converts non-toxic prodrug into cytotoxic product. Cytochrome P450 4B1 (CYP4B1) activates 4-ipomeanol (4-IPO) or 2-aminoanthracene (2-AA) to cytotoxic furane epoxide and unsaturated dialdehyde intermediate.In this study, therapeutic effects of suicidal gene therapy with rabbit CYP4B1/2-AA or 4-IPO system were evaluated in HT-29 (human colon cancer cell). pcDNA-CYP4B1 vector was transfected into HT-29 by lipofection and stable transfectant was selected by treatment of hygromycin ($500{\mu}g/mL$) for 3 weeks. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis was performed for confirmation of CYP4B1 expression in CYP4B1 gene transduced cell. The cytotoxic effects of CYP4B1 transduced cell were determined using dye-exclusion assay after treatment of 2-AA or 4-IPO for 96 hrs. Dye-exclusion assay showed that $IC_{50}$ of HT-29 and CYP4B1 transduced HT-29 was 0.01 mM and 0.003 mM after 4-IPO or 2-AA treatment at 96 hrs exposure, respectively. In conclusion, CYP4B1 based prodrug gene therapy probably have the potential for treatment of colorectal adenocarcinoma.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.291-298
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• 2009

한국, 중국, 일본, 대만 등 동아시아에 분포하는 피라미속 (Zacco) 어류에 대한 mitochondrial cytochrome b gene의 염기서열 분석을 통해 분자계통학적 유연관계를 조사하였다. MP tree 분석 결과, 한국산 참갈겨니와 갈겨니 집단은 모두 단계통군을 형성하고 있었으나 생물분포구계의 남한아 지역에 분포하는 참갈겨니와 갈겨니 집단은 일본산 갈겨니와 유전적으로 유사하게 분석되었다. 또한 한국산 피라미 집단은 일본산 피라미와 유전적 친화성을 보였으나, 중국산 피라미는 끄리와 분자계통학적 유연관계를 형성하였다. 참갈겨니의 한강집단은 동해 중북부에 서식하는 집단과 유전적으로 유사하였고, 갈겨니의 동진강과 영산강 집단은 유전적 동일 집단, 동진강과 섬진강 집단은 유전적 유사집단으로 여겨졌다. NJ tree 분석을 통해 피라미 집단은 참갈겨니와 갈겨니 및 Z. sieboldii 집단과는 오래전에 공동조상으로부터 분화되었고, Z. sieboldii의 조상으로부터 참갈겨니와 갈겨니가 분기진화한 것으로 추정되었다. 또한 중국에 서식하는 피라미는 한국산 피라미 집단과 상당한 유전적 차이를 보였을 뿐만 아니라 끄리속 어류와 분자계통수를 형성하고 있어 추후 동물지리학적 분포 및 피라미속 어류에 대한 계통분류학적 논의가 요구된다.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.78-86
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• 2006

한국산 쉬리, Coreuleuciscus splendidus의 종내 집단간 유전자 다양성을 알기 위해 6개 주요강(북한강, 남한강, 금강, 오십천, 낙동강, 섬진강)으로부터 채집된 개체를 대상으로 16S rRNA 유전자와 미트콘드리아 cytochrome b 유전자에 근거하여 비교 분석하였다. 미트콘드리아 cytochrome b 유전자의 657 bp 길이의 염기서열 분석결과, 6개 집단간에 차이는 98.2~99.9%로 나타났으며 지리적으로 격리된 집단간에 높은 유전적 다양성을 보였다. 16S rRNA 유전자는 697 bp의 염기서열을 얻었으며, 종내 변이는 큰 차이가 없이 거의 동일하였다. 16S rRNA 유전자의 6개 집단간에는 97.7%에서 99.7%의 높은 유사성을 보였다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제25권9호
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• pp.970-975
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• 2015

본 연구는 mtDNA cytochrome b (cyt b) 유전자의 염기변이를 동정하고 이를 토대로 백한우의 계통유전학적 유연관계를 파악하기 위하여 실시하였다. 백한우 14두에 대한 mtDNA cyt b 유전자 전체서열 내에서 염기의 삽입/결실변이 없이 1개의 silent mutation이 동정되었고, 2개의 haplotype으로 분류되었다. 14두 중 13두가 major haplotype인 H1에 포함되었으며, 나머지 1두는 칡소와 같은 haplotype에 속하였다. Haplotype 다양성지수 및 염기변이율은 각각 0.143, 0.00013으로, 기존에 보고된 한국 재래소 및 중국소 품종들보다 현저히 낮게 나타났다. 한국, 일본, 중국 및 유럽 소 품종과의 유전적 유연관계를 확인하기 위해서 Dxy 유전거리 산출 및 neighbor-joining tree를 작성하였다. 2개의 group (A, B)으로 분류되었으며, 백한우는 B. taurus 계열인 A group에 포함되었다. Dxy유전거리 산출 결과, 백한우는 흑우(0.00018) 및 Yanbian (0.00021) 품종과 가까운 유연관계를 보였다. 이상의 결과를 종합해보면, 모계유전특성에 기초하여 백한우는 칡소, 흑우 및 Yanbian과 유전적으로 높은 연관성을 보였다. 이러한 결과는 백한우의 효율적인 관리 및 지속가능한 활용을 위한 중요한 자료로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.216-221
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• 2020

Parrots are common targets for illegal trade because of their beauty and high price. Accurate identification is necessary for the prevention of illegal trade and conservation of parrots. In the present study, mitochondrial markers of cytochrome b (CYTB) gene were used to identify parrot species from Korean zoos. Totally, 27 samples were collected from Seoul Zoo, Cheongju Zoo, and Uchi Zoo. After collection, total DNA of samples was extracted and used for PCR amplification. CYTB fragments were sequenced from all samples examined. The obtained sequences were used for GenBank blast, distance estimation, and phylogenetic analysis. All species were identified using CYTB sequences that determined 27 samples belong to 13 species in 7 genera, and 3 families. Our finding demonstrated the usefulness of CYTB sequences for identifying parrot species in Korean zoos.

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 1997년도 공동 춘계학술대회
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• pp.57.1-57
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• 1997

No Abstract, See Full Text

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 2003년도 한국생물과학협회 학술발표대회
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• pp.129.2-129
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• 2003