• Translational and Clinical Pharmacology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.63-66
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• 2017

Allopurinol-induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome are reportedly associated with the $HLA-B^{\star}58:01$ genotype. Three patients who developed SCARs after allopurinol administration were subjected to HLA-B genotyping and lymphocyte activation test (LAT) to evaluate genetic risk and to detect the causative agent, respectively. All three patients given allopurinol to treat gout were diagnosed with DRESS syndrome. Symptom onset commenced 7-24 days after drug exposure; the patients took allopurinol (100-200 mg/d) for 2-30 days. HLA-B genotyping was performed using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-sequence-based typing (SBT) method. All patients had a single $HLA-B^{\star}58:01$ allele: $HLA-B^{\star}13:02/^{\star}58:01$ (a 63-year-old male), $HLA-B^{\star}48:01/^{\star}58:01$ (a 71-year-old female), and $HLA-B^{\star}44:03/^{\star}58:01$ (a 22-year-old male). Only the last patient yielded a positive LAT result, confirming that allopurinol was the causative agent. These findings suggest that patients with $HLA-B^{\star}58:01$ may develop SCARs upon allopurinol administration. Therefore, HLA-B genotyping could be helpful in preventing serious problems attributable to allopurinol treatment, although PCR-SBT HLA-B genotyping is time consuming. A simple genotyping test is required in practice. LAT may help to identify a causative agent.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.71-77
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• 2001

To evaluate the effect of occlusive skin on the activity of cutaneous oxygen free radical metabolizing enzymes in rats, the dorsal skin was covered with closed glass chamber shaped petri dish, 46 mm in diameter and 10 mm in height and sealed by an adhesive. Five day-occluded group showed more increased activity of xanthine oxidase (XO) than that of control, and the activity of five day-occluded group was higher than that of ten day-occluded group. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were significantly higher in ten day-occluded group than in control or five day-occluded group. All the more, five day-occluded group showed the decreasing tendency of SOD and GPx activities compared to those of control. On the other hand, the cerrous perhydroxide deposits were observed in the intercellular space of the stratum basale in five day-occluded group under the electronic microscope using a cytochemistry method. Futhermore, the degree of cerrous perhydroxide reaction was lower in ten day-occluded group than in five day-occluded group. In conclusion, the increased XO activity and the decreased SOD and GPx activities are likely to responsible far the accumulation of $H_2O_2$ in five day-occluded group.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.97-104
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• 2004

Objective We investigated the effect of Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill. aquacupuncture (SCB) on anaphylaxis in mice. Methods : We conformed compound 48/80-induced mesenteric mast cell degranulation, active systemic anaphylatic shock and histamine release. Also observed acetic acid-induced vascular permeability and anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. Results : SCB inhibited mesenteric mast cell degranulation and active systemic anaphylatic shock induced by compound 48/80 dose-dependently. When SCB was pretreated by intra-peritoneal injection, the serum histamine levels were reduced. SCB also significantly inhibited acetic acid-induced vascular permeability. In addition, SCB showed a significant inhibitory effect on anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. Conclusion : These results indicated that SCB inhibits anaphylatic reaction.

• Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.204-207
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• 2018

Mycobacterium abscessus comprises rapidly growing mycobacteria, and the clinical manifestations of M. abscessus skin infection include papule, nodule, ulcer, scar and mixed form. The cutaneous infections have been reported due to minor trauma, cosmetic therapy, acupuncture and disseminated infection. A 75-year-old man presented with pruritic diffuse various sized erythematous papuloplaques and pustules on the neck and chest for 2 months. The cutaneous lesions were spread around the wound of the shaving on the neck. The histopathologic findings were consistent with abscess showing infiltrations of neutrophils and lymphocytes in the dermis and negative findings were observed on immunohistochemical stain including acid-fast bacilli stain. One month later, mycobacterial culture result showed positive findings, and the pathogen was identified by reversetranscriptase polymerase chain reaction with hybridization. The patient was treated with combination of clarithromycin and ethambutol for 5 months and there is no evidence of recurrence after 6 months of follow-up. Herein, we report a case of M. abscessus cutaneous infection through minor trauma caused by shaving in the elderly.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.243-249
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• 2012

Bee venom (BV), well known as a traditional Oriental medicine, has been widely used in the treatment of some immune-related diseases. However, the anti-allergic effect of BV have not been reported. In this study, we investigated the antiallergic effect of BV on triphasic cutaneous reaction (TpCR) and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA). Our results indicated that BV suppress ear swelling and vascular permeability on IgE mediated type I hypersensitivity response. Increase in ear thickness was significantly inhibited by BV in this model. BV also blocked the infiltration of immune cells into the ear. Moreover, BV suppressed expression of HDAC3, Tryptase, MCP-1 in ear tissue. These results demonstrated that BV has a suppressive effect on allergic reaction.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.231-241
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• 2001

Mahwang-Shin-Gung-San has been found inhibiting the mast cell-mediated anaphylactic reaction. This report describes an inhibitory effect of Mahwang-Shin-Gung-San (MSGS) on the immediate-type cutaneous allergic reactions. MSGS has concentration -dependently inhibited the ear swelling response induced by compound 48/80 in mouse by intradermal injection. The mast cells in mouse ear tissue undergone ear-swelling response by compound 48/80 were stained by alcian blue/nuclear fast red. MSGS significantly inhibited the compound 48/80-induced degranulation from mast cells in ear tissue. MSGS concentration-dependently inhibited the histamine release from the rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) by compound 48/80. We also studied the effect of MSGS on mast cell-dependent passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) activated by dinitrophenyl IgE antibody. MSGS showed potent inhibition of PCA by oral administration. These results indicate that MSGS inhibits immediate-type allergic reactions by inhibition of mast cell degranulation in vivo and in vitro.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.139-143
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• 2009

The anaphylactic allergic reaction is involved in many allergic diseases such as asthma and allergic rhinitis. In this report, I investigated the effect of ripe fruits of Rubus coreanus Miq. (Rosaceae) (RFRC) on the anaphylactic allergic reaction and studied its possible mechanisms of action. RFRC inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylactic reaction in mice. RFRC dose-dependently decreased the IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. In addition, RFRC decreased the gene expression and production of tumor necrosis factor-$\alpha$ (TNF-$\alpha$) and interleukin (IL)-6 in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus calcium ionophore A23187 (A23187)-stimulated human mast cells. These findings provide evidence that RFRC could be a candidate as an anti-allergic agent.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.106-112
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• 2002

The effect of aqueous extract of Magnoliae Cortex (Magnoliaceae) (MCAE) on the immediate-type allergic reaction was investigated. MCAE inhibited compound 48/80 induced systemic anaphylactic reaction in rats. MCAE (0.1 and 1 g/kg) also significantly inhibited local immunoglobulin E (lgE)-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylactic (PCA) reaction. MCAE (0.001 to 1 mg/ml) dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) activated by compound 48/80 or anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) 1gE. Moreover, MCAE (0.01 to 1 mg/ml) had a significant inhibitory effect on anti-DNP IgE-mediated tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ $(TNF-{\alpha})$ production. These results indicate that MCAE inhibits immediate-type allergic reaction in vivo and in vitro.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.95-101
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• 2001

We investigated the effect of aqueous extract of Terminalia chebula (Combretaceae)(TCAE) on the immediate hypersensitivity reaction in vivo and in vivo. TCAE (0.01 to 1 g/kg) dose-dependently inhibited compound 48/80 induced systemic anaphylaxis in mice. When TCAE was pretreated at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1 g/kg, the plasma histamine levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. TCAE (0.1 and 1 g/kg) significantly inhibited local immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylactic reaction. TCAE (0.001 to 1 mg/ml) also dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) activated by compound 48/80 or anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE. TCAE (0.01 to 1 mg/ml) had a significant inhibitory effect on anti-DNP IgE-induced tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ production from RPMC. These results indicate that TCAE inhibits immediate hypersensitivity reaction in vivo and in vitro.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.69-81
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• 1998

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Chungdaesan(CDS) by various administration routes on skin anaphylactic reaction. The most classic and popular skin reaction in vivo is passive cutaneous anaphylaxis(PCA) In this study, therefore, the author investigated the effect of CDS on PCA reaction activated by anti-dinitrophenyl immunoglobulin E antibody The results showed that CDS potently suppressed orally, topically, intraperitoneally, and intradermally administered. However, it did not show suppressive activity when intravenously administered. In addition CDS significantly inhibited anti-DNP IgE induced mast degranulation in mice skin. Moreover, CDS suppressed anaphylactic histamine release from mast cells induced by anti-dinitrophenyl immunoglobulin E antibody. These results indicate that CDS suppresses the PCA reaction by stabilization of mast cells in vivo and in vitro am] also suggest that the differential activity following administration routes may be caused by the difference of bioavailability.