• Title/Summary/Keyword: Curvularia species

Search Result 26, Processing Time 0.022 seconds

The Taxonomical Studies of Curvularia Blight of Turf (Arostis canina L.) in Korea (한국(韓國)에서의 Curvularia에 의한 잔디의 입고병(立枯病)에 관(關)한 분류학적(分類學的) 연구(硏究))

  • Kim, Jong-Hi;Lee, Min-Woong
    • The Korean Journal of Mycology
    • /
    • v.1 no.2
    • /
    • pp.31-33
    • /
    • 1973
  • On September 1972, a blight disease of turf (Arostis canina L.)was found in a golf link in Seoul Country Club at Seoul, Korea. Yellow circular patches of 15-20cm in diameter were observed and spreaded irregulary to collapse of themselves. The roots of the diseased plants were dark in color and were in a final state of decay. We isolated Curvularia sp. from the diseased plants and investigated the morphological and cultural characters. Its characters as follows: Mycelia septate, branched, hyaline or yellowish brown colored. Conidiophores septate, thin brown, unbranched. $65-270{\times}3.5-5{\mu}$. Conidia clustered at the tips of conidiophores, boat form or slightly curved with 1-5 septa, brown; both end cells hyaline; the third cell much larger than the others. $26.1-33.3{\times}9.5-10.1{\mu}$ (4 cell's conidium). The pathogenicity of the fungus to host plant was confirmed by soil inoculation method. We classified the fungus according to Gilman's method as a species Curvularia geniculata (Tracy and Earle) Boedjin.

  • PDF

Fungi Detected on Imported Seeds in 1985 (1985년도(年度) 수입(輸入) 종자(種子)에서 조사(調査)된 균류(菌類))

  • Han, Sang-Jin;Chung, Yang-Won;Lee, Eung-Kwon
    • The Korean Journal of Mycology
    • /
    • v.14 no.2
    • /
    • pp.179-183
    • /
    • 1986
  • This survey was conducted to identify the fungal pathogens on the imported seeds during two months from September to October in 1985. Twenty-four species of fungi were detected from six kinds of the imported seeds and the following eight species of fungi have not been reported before in Korea.

  • PDF

Antifungal Activity of Methanolic of Centella asiatica and Andrographis panicuiata

  • Singh, Pratibha;Singh, U.P.;Singh, J.S.
    • Mycobiology
    • /
    • v.28 no.4
    • /
    • pp.185-189
    • /
    • 2000
  • The antifungal activity of methanolic extracts of Centella asiatica and Andrographis paniculata leaves was observed against fourteen fungi, viz., Alternaria alternata, A. brassicae, A. brassicicola, A. solani, A. tenuissima, Cercospora blumae, Curvularia lunata, C. penniseti, and Drechslera monoceras, D. oryzae, D. turitica, Fusarium albizziae and F. udum. Different concentrations of the methanolic extract (1000, 2000, 3000, 5000, 7000, 10000ppm) were used. The effect of mixed leaf extract (1500 ppm of C. asiatica + 1500 ppm of A. paniculata) and its 1:2 ad 1:4 dilutions were also studied. The individual extracts of both the plants showed significant inhibitory effect on spore germination of all the fungi tested. F. udum, F. albizzae, D. oryzae, D. turtica, and D. monoceras were particularly sensitive to these extracts. In general, the extract of C. asiatica showed a higher inhibitory effect in all concentrations against all the fungi as compared to A. paniculata, except for A. brassicae A. solani, D. oryzae, D. penniseti and Curvularia sp. The inhibitory effect of extracts increased when they were used in combination with or without dilutions against A. brassicicola, A. solani A. brassicae, A. alternata, A. tenussima, C. blumae, C. lunata, C. penniseti and Curvularia species. Higher efficacy of active ingredient of these extracts under field condition is envisaged against plant pathogens.

  • PDF

수개추락답토양(數個秋落沓土壤)의 사상균군에 대(對)하여

  • Jo, Deok-Hyeon;Jeon, Jae-Geun
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
    • /
    • v.3
    • /
    • pp.17-18
    • /
    • 1962
  • A study on fungus flora of 8 paddy field soil samples including 5 AKIOCHI soils has been made. Samples were taken from Chung-nam area. Fungi of 5 Genera and 19 species were identified; Aspergillus, Penicillium, Spicaria, Curvularia, Trichodema, were the 5 genera and the 19 speciec consristed of 4 Aspergilli, 12 Penicilli, and the each one of the others. Variations of fungus flora among those soil samples were noticed without the ecologieal explanation.

  • PDF

Keratinolytic Activity of Five Aspergillus Species Isolated from Poultry Farming Soil in Korea

  • Kim, Jeong-Dong
    • Mycobiology
    • /
    • v.31 no.3
    • /
    • pp.157-161
    • /
    • 2003
  • Various soil samples were collected from twenty-four areas of ten different poultry farms in Korea and screened for prevalence of keratinolytic fungi. Fourteen species of feather-associated fungi belonging to ten genera Acremonium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Curvularia, Fusarium, Monascus, Mucor, Penicillum, and Verticillium isolated from poultry soils were grown on keratin medium. Especially, Aspergillus spp. populations associated with the soil sample is $1{\times}10^5$ cfu/g. A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. nidulans, and A. terreus could utilize keratin of chicken feather and degrade it, producing sulphydryl-containing compounds detected as keratinase, cysteine and total proteins. Keratinolytic activities of five Aspergillus species also changed the pH of the medium more alkaline than those that were less keratinolytic.

Insects and Pathogens Associated with Rice Grain Discoloration and Their Relationship in the Philippines (병해충과 변색미(變色米) 발생(發生)과의 관계(關係)에 관한 연구(硏究))

  • LEE, S.C.;Alvenda, M.E.;Bonman, J.M.;Heinrichs, E.A.
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
    • /
    • v.25 no.2 s.67
    • /
    • pp.107-112
    • /
    • 1986
  • Species of pathogens and insects associated with grain discoloration in the Philippines were indentified. Leptocorisa oratorios was the most dominant insect species causing discoloration. Pathogenicity tests of fungal organisms isolated from discolored grains showed that Drechslera oryzae, Curvularia lunata, Trichoconiella padwickii, Sarocladium oryzae, Alternaria tenuis, and Fusarium solani were the common pathogens responsible for 'dirty panicle' disease of rice. Discoloration incidence was higher on treatment when both pests were present than when they occurred singly. The discoloration severity was attributed to the pathogens whereas rice bug caused a high decrease in grain weight and unfilled grains. Rice bug feeding on grains enhances the infection caused by the pathogen. Due to this, the quantity and quality of grains produced were affected, resulting in yield reduction.

  • PDF

Effect of 1-corydalmine, an Alkaloid Isolated from Corydalis chaerophylla Roots on Spore Germination of Some Fungi

  • Basha, S. Ameer;Jha, R.N.;Pandey, V.B.;Singh, U.P.
    • Mycobiology
    • /
    • v.35 no.2
    • /
    • pp.69-71
    • /
    • 2007
  • 1-Corydalmine, an alkaloid isolated from roots of Corydalis ehaerophylla inhibited spore germination of some plant pathogenic as well as saprophytic fungi e.g. Alternaria brassicae, A. brassicieola, A. solani, Curvularia lunata, C. maculans, C. sp., C. pallseens, Erysiphe pisi, Fusarium udum, Helminthosporium species, H. penniseti and a Heterosporium species. 1-Corydalmine significantly inhibited spore germination of all the fungi at 100 to 1500 ppm. It was effective against all the fungi at 1500 ppm. C. lunata was highly sensitive to this chemical even at 250 ppm.

Incidence of Fusarium and other Molds in Korean Field Crops

  • Ryu, Dojin;Bullerman, Lloyd B.
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
    • /
    • v.3 no.1
    • /
    • pp.43-47
    • /
    • 1998
  • The incidence of total molds, Fusarium species, and the estrogenic mycotoxin,zearalenone, in Korean grain samples were investigated . The majority of molds infecting grain were identified as belonging to the genus Alternaria , with an average infection rate of kernels of 43% and 32% in rice and baley, respectively. Fusarium speciens were less common, with average infection rates of 13% and 19% in reice and barley, respectively. A number of field fungi including Curvularia and Dactylaria were also observed. Among the Fusarium speices, 71 of 94 Fusarium isolates were identified as F.semitectum. A few F. moniliforme and F. equiseti were observed linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). In addition, deoxynivalenol was not deteted by ELISA . However, thepresence of molds, including Fusarium species, may pose possbile health hazards to persons consuming those grains.

  • PDF

Seed Transmission of Bipolaris coicis, B. cynodontis, B. maydis and Curvularia lunata causing Leaf Blight of Job's tears (율무에 잎마름 증상을 일으키는 Bipolaris coicis, B. cynodontis, B. maydis 및 Curvularis lunata의 종자전염)

  • Kim, Ji-Soo;Lee, Du-Hyung
    • Korean Journal Plant Pathology
    • /
    • v.14 no.4
    • /
    • pp.287-293
    • /
    • 1998
  • Bipolaris coicis, B. cynodontis, B. maydis and Curvularia lunata were leaf blight fungi detected from 45 seed samples of Job's tears and B. coicis was the predominant species in seed samples followed by C. lunata, B. cynodontis and B. maydis. When the seed components were plated on test tube agar, B. coicis and C. lunata were highly detected from invelucre, glume, endosperm and stamen, but not detected from plumule. Seed infection with B. coicis casued seed rot, coleoptile blight and seedling blight of Job's tears. Conidial characteristics of leaf blight fungi were as follows; B. cynodontis was fusiform, brown, slightly curved, 0~5 distoseptate, and 16.8-48$\times$7.2-16.8${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in size; B. cynodontis was fusiform, brown, slightly curved, 0~8 distoseptate, and 16.8-72$\times$9.6-19.2 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$; B. maydis was fusiform, brown, distintly curved, 0~10 distoseptate, and 28.8-110.4$\times$12-21.6 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. C. Lunata was fusiform, brown, typically curved, 0~3 distoseptate, and 7.2-24$\times$4.8-12 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. B. coicis was highly pathogenic to Job's tears and corn, weakly pathogenic to rice, but not pathogenic to wheat and barley. c. lunata was highly pathogenic to Job's tears (No. 2), corn, wheat and barley, weakly pathogenic to Job's tears (No. 1), but not pathogenic to rice. All treatments were effective to inhibition of leaf blight fungi when carboram, benoram, fludioxonil, prochloraz, thioram, and tap water treated to infected seeds.

  • PDF

Antifungal Activity of Chaerophylline and Berberine Hydroxide Isolated from Corydalis Species

  • Tuli, Leepika;Jha, R.N.;Pandey, V.B.;Singh, U.P.
    • Mycobiology
    • /
    • v.29 no.2
    • /
    • pp.100-103
    • /
    • 2001
  • Chaerophylline and berberine hydroxide, both being alkaloids, isolated from Corydalis chaerophylla and C. longipes respectively were assayed against spore germination of some fungi, e.g. Alternaria solani, A. brassicola, A. brassicicola, Helminthosporium penniseti, Helminthosporium sp., Heterosporium sp., Curvularia penniseti, C. maculens and C. palliscens. While chaerophylline inhibited spore germination of most of the fungi at 1000 ppm, being also effective at 50, 100, 200 and 500 ppm, berberine hydroxide was significantly effective at much lower concentration, i.e., 400 ppm against several fungi. This compound was also effective against some fungi at 50, 100, 150, 200 ppm. There was 100% inhibition of spore germination in several fungi at highest concentration of both the compounds. Some of the fungi showed similar results even at lower concentrations.

  • PDF