• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.70-75
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• 2000

The weld seam tracking system for arc welding process uses various kinds of sensors such as arc sensor, vision sensor, laser displacement and so on. Among the variety of sensors available, electro-magnetic sensor is one of the most useful methods especially in sheet metal butt-joint arc welding, primarily because it is hardly affected by the intense arc light and fume generated during the welding process, and also by the surface condition of weldments. In this study, a dual-electromagnetic sensor, which utilizes the induced current variation in the sensing coil due to the eddy current variation of the metal near the sensor, was developed for arc welding of sheet metal butt-joints. The dual-electromagnetic sensor thus detects the offset displacement of weld line from the center of sensor head even though there's no clearance in the joint. A set of design variables of the sensor were determined for the maximum sensing capability through the repeated experiments. Seam tracking is performed by correcting the position of sensor to the amount of offset displacement every sampling period. From the experimental results, the developed sensor showed the excellent capability of weld seam detection when the sensor to workpiece distance is near less than 5 mm, and it was revealed that the system has excellent seam tracking ability for the butt-joint of sheet metal.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.1308-1316
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• 2017

The distributed maximum power point tracking (DMPPT) concept is widely adopted in photovoltaic systems to avoid mismatch loss. However, the high cost and complexity of DMPPT hinder its further promotion in practice. Based on the concept of DMPPT, this paper presents an integrated submodule level half-bridge stack structure along with an optimal current point tracking (OCPT) control algorithm. In this full power processing integrated solution, the number of power switches and passive components is greatly reduced. On the other hand, only one current sensor and its related AD unit are needed to perform the ideal maximum power generation for all of the PV submodules in any irradiance case. The proposal can totally eliminate different small-scaled mismatch effects in real-word condition and the true maximum power point of each PV submodule can be achieved. As a result, the ideal maximum power output of the whole PV system can be achieved. Compared with current solutions, the proposal further develops the integration level of submodule DMPPT solutions with a lower cost and a smaller size. Moreover, the individual MPPT tracking for all of the submodules are guaranteed.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1560-1562
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• 2000

The paper reports on a study of the influence of the silicone oils on the tracking and erosion resistance and hydrophobicity of SIR. Two silicone oils(A, B) having different chemical structure were selected in consideration of goof hydrophobicity and processability. Tracking and erosion resistance of SIR was investigated by the rotating wheel dip test (RWDT). In this test tracking and erosion areas due to glow and partial arc discharges cause an increase in the leakage current with an increase in time. Leakage current of SIR was decreased with increasing ratio of oil A/B. SIR was exposed to corona discharges in air and the specimens were analyzed with contact angle. It was observed that the contact angle of SIR was increased gradually in time. The recovery of hydrophobicity was increased with increasing ratio of oil A/B.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.102-110
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• 1998

The horizontal fillet welding is prevalently used in heavy and ship building industries to fabricate the large scale structures. A deep understanding of the horizontal fillet welding process is restricted, because the phenomena occurring in welding are very complex and highly non-linear characteristics. To achieve the satisfactory weld bead geometry in robot welding system, the seam tracking algorithm should be reliable. The number of seam tracker was developed for arc welding automation by now. Among these seam tracker, the arc sensor is prevalently used in industrial robot welding system because of its low cost and flexibility. However, the accuracy of arc sensor would be decreased due to the electrical noise and metal transfer. In this study, the signal processing algorithm based on the neural network was implemented to enhance the reliability of measured welding current signals. Moreover, the seam tracking algorithm in conjunction with the signal processing algorithm was implemented to trace the center of weld line. It was revealed that the neural network could be effectively used to predict the welding current signal at the end of weaving.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.62-67
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• 2005

Recently, polymer insulators that are used for high voltage applications have some advantages such as light weight, small size, vandalism resistance, hydrophobicity and easy making process. During outdoor service of polymer insulators, the surface of the insulating material is frequently subjected to moisture and contamination that lead to dry band arcing. Their tracking resistance, erosion resistance, end sealing and shed design are very important because dry band arcing causes degradation of polymer surface. Aging test to estimate life property of polymer insulator is executed through several international standard such as IEC 61109 and CEA tracking wheel test, but is not getting clear conclusion yet. There are two methods in the diagnosis method of polymer insulator such as off-line and on-line. The diagnosis methods in off-line are external condition analysis by the eye, contaminant analysis on surface, surface analysis, pollution withstand voltage test, power frequency flashover voltage test, lightning impulse flashover test, tensile fracture load test and flexural load test. Polymer material is also investigated it's tracking resistance by adding surface active agent in IEC 587. In this paper, the tracking performance of polymer insulator with salt solution which is added surface active agent. The diagnosis of insulator sample has been analyzed by leakage current and visual examination, STRI guide and thermal image camera.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.30-38
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• 2019

전기 화재의 주요 원인 중 하나인 트래킹은 전기적 방전에 의한 물리적 현상으로 인식된다. 따라서 트래킹은 전계해석, 전자생성에 의한 도전성 경로, 기체방전이론을 기반으로 설명되어야 한다. 하지만, 이러한 사항을 반영한 연구논문은 드물다. 본 논문은 트래킹 진전에서 그들의 영향을 포함한 트래킹 진전 메커니즘을 제안하였다. 그 메커니즘의 제안을 위해, 트래킹 실험, 탄화진전 모델에 대한 전계해석, 연면방전 이론을 적용한 트래킹 진전과정에 대한 설명이 수행되었다. 트래킹 모의실험으로부터, 코로나 방전에서 트래킹 파괴까지 트래킹 진전의 각 단계에서 전류파형이 측정되었다. 전계해석은 탄화의 발생과 진전과정동안 건조대 표면의 전계와 전자생성을 위한 고전계 영역을 파악하기 위해 수행되었다. 본 논문에서 제안된 트래킹 메커니즘은 코로나 방전에 의한 전자사태, 양이온의 축적, 전자사태의 확장, 2차 전자사태, 스트리머, 도전성 경로에 의한 트래킹 파괴의 6단계로 구성된다. 트래킹 모의실험에서 측정된 펄스성 전류파형은 제안된 트래킹 메커니즘에 의해 설명될 수 있었다. 본 연구 결과는 화재의 원인인 트래킹을 검출하고, 내트래킹성을 높이는 데 필요한 기술 자료가 될 것이다.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 1998년도 Proceedings ICPE 98 1998 International Conference on Power Electronics
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• pp.928-933
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• 1998

This paper presents a novel current control system to eliminate the steady state control error and to improve the transient characteristics for PWM AC-DC converter. A general mathematical model of the converter that is represented as a state-space model is first established. The state-space model is used for the simulation of PWM switching converter with the proposed current control system. The proposed sinusoidal tracking control system that does not require coordinate transformations using principle of the integral controller is described. It is proved that the steady state deviation reduces to zero through a transfer function of source current control system. Finally, it is seen that simulations agree with the experimental results in source current and reference of controlled ac current loop.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2000년도 제15차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.163-163
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• 2000

The tracking system on the moving vehicle is made up of two parts. One is a stabilizer which is flatting the system against the moving vehicle, the other is a tracker which is tracking the target. This makes use of the geometric information of the tracking target and that utilizes the dynamic information of the moving vehicle equipping the tracking system. Especially the stabilizer is very important for an ocean vehicle affected by wave, wind, and current. In this paper, the stabilizer of sun tracking system for a ship is developed.

• E2M - 전기 전자와 첨단 소재
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• 제10권8호
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• pp.770-777
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• 1997

Some polymer materials including epoxy resin are being instead of porcelain for outdoor insulating materials such as insulators bushings cable terminators and surge arrester housing. And the largest problem to be overcomed is the tracking and erosion of the outdoor polymer material brought about by dry band arcing during prolonged exposure to contaminations. In this paper the effect of surface tension wettability flow rate of contaminants with varying surfactant content and frequency of applied voltage on the tracking breakdown of epoxy insulating materials were investigated. As the flow rate of contaminant is increased the surface resistivity is decreased and the leakage current is increased the time to tracking breakdown is decreased. It is found that time to tracking breakdown depends on the surface tension of contaminant that is difference of wettability. And as the frequency of applied voltage is increased time to tracking breakdown decreased.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.119-122
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• 2000

Recently polymer insulators are being used for outdoor high voltage applications. Polymer insulators for transmission line have significant advantages over porcelain and glass insulators, especially for ultra-high voltage transmission lines. Their advantages are light weight, vandalism resistance and hydrophobicity. Polymer insulators are a relatively new technology, but their expected life is still unknown. Therefore these estimating technique are very important. Their life time is related to weathering and operating condition. Multi-aging test is requested because aging factor is occurred by multi-aging than unique aging. The aging test about polymer insulators have mainly carried out by IEC 61109. This paper presents multi-stress chamber experiments and tracking wheel test to examine the tracking and erosion performance of polymer insulator for transmission. Multi-stress testing is able to demonstrate deficiencies of polymer insulator materials and designs, including the nature of interfaces in insulation design. We have investigated IEC 61109 Annex C (5000h aging test) and CEA tracking wheel test as test methods of artificial accelerated aging. The aging degree of polymer insulator is estimated by leakage current, measurement of hydrophobicity degree, damage conditions of insulator surface, withstand voltage test etc.