• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.6
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• pp.117-126
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• 2005

This study attempted to extract a suggestive point to help the design of a program, which is used to promote physical activities, by applying a social cognitive theory based on literature review on the physical activity based on a social cognitive theory. This study considers 10 journal articles that used a social cognitive theory, physical activity, and exercise as the major variable using the EBSCOhost Academic Search Premier and Educator's Reference Desk (ERIC). The type of papers was analyzed using a certain criterion, which can be configured according to the number of each year's papers, characteristics of research subjects, application type of a social cognitive theory, and classification of the application of objects in a social cognitive theory. The characteristics of each year's papers presented no specific characteristics for each year's papers, but the study in 2004 especially presented a high level. The characteristics of research subjects presented four highest cases in the case of the college student, and there were zero cases for children. The application type of studies on physical activities using a social cognitive theory can be largely classified as three types. The results of the measurement using a sectional investigation for SCT objects were 2 cases, the application of SCT for promoting physical activities was 1 case, and the demonstration of evaluation for the effect of SCT objects presented 8 highest cases. Although the social cognitive theory in the characteristics of the classification of object applications can be classified as 10 objects, there were no cases that used 10 all objects, partial applications of the object were measured in 8 studies, and two cases presented no detailed considerations on the object. Most of studies used a part of the object where the application of self-efficacy were measured by 8 highest cases. In addition, there were no measurements on the situation, observation learning, answer and response, and self-management. The elements of attitude, cognitive activity, self-efficacy, and handicaps among the SCT object were commonly used, and studies that the self-efficacy largely affects on the promotion of physical activities presented the main current.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.18
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• pp.77-92
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• 2017

This study is based on a scientific analysis of the production method of the wooden seated Bodhisattva statue from Gwaneumsa Temple in Wando, which is currently housed at Chonnam National University Museum. The purpose was to investigate the characteristics of the statue's production through an X-ray inspection of the wooden timbers that make up its base material, a composition analysis of the surface layers, and microscopic observation. The votive prayers found together with the statue allowed the precise dating of the artifact to the sixteenth century, during the Joseon Dynasty. The X-ray transmission identified the statue as being made using the "ilmokjo"(一木造) technique, which means that the entirety of the statue excluding the right hand was produced using a single block of wood. The specimen analysis of the naturally exfoliated surface layer revealed that the current surface was coated with brass to restore the original gilt layer. These research findings added an interesting case to the existing related research and reaffirmed the academic value of this statue.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.130-135
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• 2012

Hydrogen charging was electrochemically conducted at high strength DP steels and TRIP steel with varying charging time. The penetration depths and the mechanical properties with charging conditions were investigated through the distribution of micro-hardness and the microstructural observation of the subsurface zone. The micro-Vickers hardness was measured to evaluate the hydrogen embrittlement of subsurface zone in addition to the microscope investigation. It was shown that the hydrogen amounts decreased in DP steels and TRIP steel with increasing hydrogen charging time. As shown by micro-Vickers hardness test and small punch test results, micro-Vickers hardness and SP energy for DP steels and TRIP steel decreased with increasing hydrogen charging time, for constant value of charging current density. SEM investigation results for the hydrogen contained samples showed that the major fracture behavior was brittle fracture which results in dimples on fractured surface and the size of dimples were decreased with increasing hydrogen charging time. These results indicate that hydrogen embrittlement is the major cause for the fracture of high strength steels and also micro-Vickers hardness test and small punch test is a valuable test method for hydrogen embrittlement of high strength sheet steels.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.489-497
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• 2008

The government is now driving a policy that development of industrial complex site for the local manufacturing industry by reengineering and expanding the existing sites or reclamation of coastal zone. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the impact of the coastal reclamation work in terms of physical and environmental characteristics. This study is also dealing with the impact of coastal reclamation for national industrial complex site to the ocean physical characteristics, variation of sedimentation and diffusion system and marine environment from the analysis of the field measurement and numerical simulation. The site for application is at the coastal boundary near Onsan national industrial complex, Ulsan metro city. In order to verify the numerical simulation result, it is compared to the collected data for tide, current, and sediments of the existing measurement and field observation at the selected stations for this study. The verified numerical models were applied to the actual field and the future change was analyzed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 1977

I have investigated and compared the morphology of vascular bundle shown in the section of culm wall of bamboo trees growing on Mt. Jiri which were classified by Grosser and Liese with their methods of morphological classification. The results obtained were as follows: 1. It was shown that there are no b.g.i. types of bamboo classified by Grosser and Liese among the bamboo trees on Mt. Jiri (Phyllostachys and Sasa). 2. As for the thickness of the culm wall in the culm, it was shown that the culm wall of the Phyllostachys becomes thinner in proportion to its nearness to the upper part of the tree, but no distinctive difference appeared in the Sasa. 3. The c, d, and e types of Sasa were the same as those of the Phyllostachys, but there was a vascular bundle type of the a' type, which was quite different from that of the Phyllostachys. 4. It was shown that the a', d, and e types of Sasa were distributed in a zone less than 500m above sea level, but no a' type was distributed in the high mountain area except for the c, d and e types which ranged from 600m to 1000m above sea level. Such facts mean that the vascular bundle sheath has changed in quantity because of the height of mountain. 5. In general, as compared with the Phyllostachys, the Sasa (types a, c, d and e which included a new type a) have fewer vascular bundles. 6. Considering the above results, it is thought that not by the current Sasa classification method based on observation of the the study of Sasa form the outside, but by a new method of classification based on the aspect of the physiological construction as seen from the inside wall is advanced. I believe this new method of classification to be a first step towards an epoch-making methodological advance and encourage the further study of it.

• Journal of Korean language education
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.109-137
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• 2018

The purpose of teacher education is to improve the professionalism of teachers above the current level. The type of teacher education to improve the professionalism of experienced teachers is broadly divided into top-down education and bottom-up education. So far, studies on top-down education were commonly conducted in the field of Korean language education. However, there has been an increasing number of studies emphasizing the need for bottom-up education, driven by the voluntary participation of teachers in recent years. The purpose of this study is to suggest the direction of reflective teacher education for experienced Korean language teachers. For this purpose, a survey was conducted of 71 Korean language teachers who had more than 5 years of experience. The contents of the survey consisted of opinions regarding existing teacher education, the need for reflective teacher education, and the perception of teaching professionalism. The results showed that experienced Korean language teachers had a positive perception of the existing teacher re-education experience. Also, 91% of the respondents said they intend to participate in the reflective teacher education program. In particular, respondents showed high demands for 'peer coaching', 'peer observation', and 'teaching portfolios' among reflective teacher education programs. Lastly, many respondents selected 'development and utilization of teaching materials', 'encouraging learner's utterances', and 'leading learner's interest and motivation' as sub-elements of teaching professionalism that they wish to improve through teacher re-education.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.232-249
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• 1998

The first Korean remote sensing satellite, Korea Multi-Purpose Satellite (KOMPSAT-1), is going to be launched in 1999. This will carry a 7m resolution Electro-Optical Camera (EOC) for earth observation. The primary mission of the KOMPSAT-1 is to acquire stereo imagery over the Korean peninsular for the generation of 1:25,000 scale cartographic maps. For this mission, research is being carried out to assess the possibilities of automated or semi-automated mapping of EOC data and to develop, if necessary, such enabling tools. This paper discusses the issue of automated digital elevation model (DEM) generation from EOC data and identifies some important aspects in developing a DEM generation system from EOC data. This paper also presents the current status of the development work for such a system. The development work will be described in three pares of sensor modelling, stereo matching and DEM interpolation. The performance of the system is shown with a SPOT stereo pair. A DEM generated from commercial software is also presented for comparison. The proposed system seems to generate promising results.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.203-203
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• 2016

The linkage between climate change and water security, i.e., the response of water resource to the future climate change, have been of great concern to both scientific community and policy makers. In this study, the impact of future climate on water resources in Yellow River Basin in North of China has been investigated using the Coupled Land surface and Hydrology Model System (CLHMS) and IPCC AR5 projected future climate change in the basin. Firstly, the performances of 14 IPCC AR5 models in reproducing the observed precipitation and temperature in China, especially in North of China, have been evaluated, and it's suggested most climate models do show systematic bias compared with the observation, however, CNRM-CM5、HadCM5 and IPSL-CM5 model are generally the best models among those 14 models. Taking the daily projection results from the CNRM-CM5, along with the bias-correction technique, the response of water resources in Yellow river basin to the future climate change in different emission scenarios have been investigated. All the simulation results indicate a reduction in water resources. The current situation of water shortage since 1980s will keep continue, the water resources reduction varies between 28 and 23% for RCP 2.6 and 4.5 scenarios. RCP 8.5 scenario simulation shows a decrease of water resources in the early and mid 21th century, but after 2080, with the increase of rainfall, the extreme flood events tends to increase.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.253-267
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• 2015

Corrosion has significant adverse effects on the durability of reinforced concrete (RC) structures, especially those exposed to a marine environment and subjected to mechanical stress, such as bridges, jetties, piers and wharfs. Previous studies have been carried out to investigate the corrosion behaviour of steel rebar in various concrete structures, however, few studies have focused on the corrosion monitoring of RC structures that are subjected to both mechanical stress and environmental effects. This paper presents an exploratory study on the development of corrosion monitoring and detection techniques for RC structures under the combined effects of external loadings and corrosive media. Four RC beams were tested in 3% NaCl solutions under different levels of point loads. Corrosion processes occurring on steel bars under different loads and under alternative wetting - drying cycle conditions were monitored. Electrochemical and microscopic methods were utilised to measure corrosion potentials of steel bars; to monitor galvanic currents flowing between different steel bars in each beam; and to observe corrosion patterns, respectively. The results indicated that steel corrosion in RC beams was affected by local stress. The point load caused the increase of galvanic currents, corrosion rates and corrosion areas. Pitting corrosion was found to be the main form of corrosion on the surface of the steel bars for most of the beams, probably due to the local concentration of chloride ions. In addition, visual observation of the samples confirmed that the localities of corrosion were related to the locations of steel bars in beams. It was also demonstrated that electrochemical devices are useful for the detection of RC beam corrosion.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.111-117
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was conducted to evaluate the acute toxicity and safety of Bangpungtongsung-san (Fangfengtongsheng-san) in Sprague-Dawley rat though the current regulatory guideline. Methods : The preliminary study showed that the single oral administration of Bangpungtongsung-san (Fangfengtongsheng-san) did not induce any toxic effect at a dose level of 2000 mg/kg. Based on the results, 2000 mg/kg was selected as the limited dose. In this study, 10 rats of each sex were randomly assigned to two groups of 5 rats each and were administrated singly by gavage at dose levels of 0 and 2000 mg/kg. Mortalities, clinical signs, and body weight changes were monitored for the 15-day period following administration. At the end of observation period, all animals were sacrificed and complete gross postmortem examinations were performed. Results : Throughout the study period, no treatment-related deaths were observed. There were no adverse effects on clinical signs, body weight, and gross findings at all treatment groups. Conclusions : These results showed that the single oral adminstration of Bangpungtongsung-san (Fangfengtongsheng-san) did not cause any toxic effect at the dose levels of 2000 mg/kg in rats. In conclusion, the $LD_{50}$ of Bangpungtongsung-san (Fangfengtongsheng-san) was considered to be over 2000 mg/kg body for both sexes.