• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.360-367
• /
• 2024

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of parental support in mitigating the impact of discrimination experiences on depression among children and adolescents. This focus was based on the premise that experiences of discrimination can negatively affect peer relationships as well as behavioral and emotional development in youths who spend a significant amount of time with their peers at school. We aimed to explore the mediating role of parental support and to present policy and practical recommendations from a social welfare perspective. For this purpose, data from the "2020 Survey on the Human Rights of Children and Adolescents" was utilized, involving 9,000 students ranging from 4th to 6th grade in elementary school, grade in middle school, and grade in high school from across the country. The study was conducted targeting these groups. For research analysis, frequency analysis using SPSS 26.0 was employed to calculate the general characteristics of the study subjects and the reliability coefficient of the testing tool. And regression analysis was conducted to verify the mediating effect of parental support on the impact of discrimination experiences on depression. The analysis revealed that there were 4,473 males (51.9%) and 4,150 females (48.1%), and that experiences of discrimination had a negative effect on depression (B=311, P<0.001). It was found that the more frequent the experiences of discrimination, the higher the level of depression, and the more a youth experienced discrimination, the greater the psychological depression they endured.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.141-151
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the positive and negative effects of college student part-time experience on college life. The subjects were 335 college students in Chungcheongnam - do. The data were collected by the self - study questionnaire on general characteristics, part - time experience, university life. There is more positive viewpoints in the Area of Public Health than in other majors and in the third grade and it shows that the higher the grade it is, the more positive viewpoints there is. The longer the period of doing part-time work it is, the more negative viewpoints about the life in the university there is, and it needs to be paid attention to. The factors which affects to the positive viewpoints about the life in the university which needs to be paid attention to was the grade and marks, and the negative viewpoints about the life in the university which needs to be paid attention to was marks, economic status, and the period of doing the part-time work. The factors which affects to the positive viewpoints and the negative viewpoints, there needs to be the clear and detailed education, counselling, and welfare, and based on the conclusion of this research, there needs to be a practical solution to improve the life of the university of the students who are experiencing part-time work.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.65-70
• /
• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Tissue Culture Medium 199 (TCM) and Dulecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) on the blastulation and grade of human oocytes on Vero cells in vitro. A cohort of 79 and 93 oocytes in metaphase II stage were used in TCM 199 and DMEM respectively. No differences were found in the numer of oocytes showing two-pronuclei between TCM (82.3%) and DMEM (86.0%). The number of fertilized oocytes reaching the blastocyst was not significant in TCM (60.0%) and DMEM (63.1%). A total of 89 blastocysts were categorized into the four grades (BG1, BG2, BG3 and early) depending on their morphology. The number of embryos achieving the blastocyst grade 1 (BG1) was significantly higher (p<0.05) in DMEM (50.8%) than TCM (15.0%). It is concluded that cultured oocytes in DMEM with glutamine on Vero cells should be significantly increased BG1.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.122-126
• /
• 1987

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of the glycerol equilibration methods and embryo grades before freezing on the survival rate after thawing in mouse embryos. The results obtained from this study were as follows: 1. The number of embryos of grade I(Excellent), II(Good) and III(Fair) before freezing in this study was 97(27.4%), 160(45.2%) and 97(27.4%), respectively. 2. The average survival rate of frozen-thawed embryos in 3 and 5 steps glycerol equilibration was 66.7% and 64.1%, and the rate of transfererable embryos after culture was 68.9% and 69.0%, respectively. 3. Out of embryo grade I and II before freezing, the transferable rate after thawing was 75.2% and 48.1%, respectively, and grade I embryos before freezing was higher transferable rate than that of grade II.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.29-40
• /
• 1971

Oxygen consumption, pulmonary ventilation, heart rate, and breathing frequency were measured on 8 men walking on a treadmill carrying load of 9 kg on hand, back, or head. Besides measurements were made on subjects carrying loads of 2.6 kg each on both feet. The speed of level walking was 4, 5, and 5.5km/hr and a fixed speed off km/hr with grades of 0, 3, 6, and 9%. Comparisons were made between free walking without load and walking with various types of loads. The following results were obtained. 1. In level or uphill walking the changes in oxygen consumption, pulmonary ventilation, breathing frequency and heart rate were smallest in back load walking, and largest in hand load walking. The method of back load was most efficient and hand load was the least efficient. The energy cost in head load walking was smaller than that of in hand load walking. It was assumed that foot load costed more energy than hand load. 2. In level walking the measured parameters increased abruptly at the speed of 5.5 km/hr. Oxygen consumption in a free walking at 4 km/hr was 11.4ml/kg b.wt., and 13.1 ml/kg b.wt. 5.5 km/hr, and in a hand load walking at 4 km/hr was 13.9, and 18.8 ml/kg b. wt. at 5.5 km/hr. 3. In uphill walking oxygen consumption and other parameters increased abruptly at the grade of 6%. Oxygen consumption at 4 km/hr and 0% grade was 11.4 ml/kg b. wt., 13.6 at 6% grade, and 16.21/kg b. wt. at 9% grade in a free walking. In back load walking oxygen consumption at 4km/hr and 0% grade was 12.3 ml/kg b.wt.,14.9 at 6% grade, and 18.7 ml/kg b.wt. In hand load walking the oxygen consumption was the greatest, namely, 13.9 at 0% grade, 17.9 at 6%, and 20.0 ml/kg b. wt. at 9% grade. 4. Both in level and uphill walking the changes in pulmonary ventilation and heart rate paralleled with oxygen consumption. 5. The changes in heart rate and breathing frequency in hand load were characteristic. Both in level and uphill walk breathing frequency increased to 30 per minute when a load was held on hand and showed a small increase as the exercise became severe. In the other method of load carrying the Peak value of breathing frequency was less than 30 Per minute. Heart rate showed 106 beats/minute even at a speed of 4 km/hr when a load was held on hand, whereas, heart rate was between, 53 and 100 beats/minute in the other types of load carriage. 6. Number of strides per minute in level walking increased as the speed increased. At the speed floater than 5 km/hr number of strides per minute of load carrying walk was greater than that of free walking. In uphill walk number of strides per minute decreased as the grade increased. Number of strides in hand load walk was greatest and back load walk showed the same number of strides as the free walk.

• Food Quality and Culture
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.48-54
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the elementary students' knowledge, attitudes, and practice for food hygiene and safety. A self-administered questionnaire was developed and offered to 375 elementary school students throughout the Seoul region. The results of the survey were as follows: First, the knowledge, attitudes, and practice were not at satisfactory level. The scores of children's knowledge, attitudes, and practice were 67.42%, 3.83, and 3.81 out of 5 point scale, respectively. Second, knowledge, attitudes and practice levels were significantly different according to demographic characteristics. The lower grade-students had significantly higher scores for knowledge (p<.05), attitudes (p<.05) and practice (p<.01) than higher gradestudents, suggesting that food hygiene and safety education is more effective in younger students or that repeated education is needed for higher grade-students. Third, knowledge, attitudes and practice levels were significantly correlated each other. These results suggest that the education programs for food hygiene and safety should be developed for, as well as implemented in, lower elementary school grades.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.100-127
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study is to reform the productive industrial relations in hospital. Because the industrial relations of hospital is antagonistic each other and this problem cause a low productivity. In Korea, hospitals maintain their ownership structure, strategy is controlled by government, short process of management, and culture of grade. The executive of hospital doesn't gain the confidence of union. This circumstances is related with the antagonistic industrial relations. This research is to analyze hospital management system through experiential and literature study, and is to present a reform strategies for cooperative industrial relations of improving productivity in hospital. As a results, if the hospital manager hopes to improve productivity, they should introduce expert management system rather than ownership and management system. And it is need to execute the hospital initiative strategy rather than to depend on the government. Moreover, the hospital can achieve productive industrial relations as a middle-long term visions in management process and horizontal organization culture. Although this study is limited by literature research, it will contribute to settle productive industrial relations in hospital and to accomplish the additional study.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.71-90
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to analyze the improvement of students' interest and general proficiency of English through cultural understanding. To achieve this purpose, two classes of the 2nd grade in the informational high school were divided into the experimental class and the control class. The Grammar-Translation Method was used for the control class and a cultural learning - compare and contrast Korean culture and American culture - was taken for the experimental. After various cultural differences were studied, surveys of students' attitude and reading and listening test were taken. The results from this study were as follows: Firstly, students' interest in English was improved through learning the American culture that was related to the content of each lesson. Secondly, English reading and communicative skills were improved by learning about cultural aspects. Therefore, it can be said that teaching culture stimulates students' interest and motivation for learning English and helps students retain such affective attitudes. And English communicative skills were improved as well.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.131-142
• /
• 2015

The purposes of this study are to develop a measuring instrument for the analysis of science classroom culture from the perspective of Community of Practice (CoP) and to confirm its feasibility. We set the structural factors of CoP and developed preliminary questions through literature review. The validity and reliability of the instrument were examined and modified through the pilot survey participated by a total of 219, 4th, 6th, and 8th grade students. The modified instrument consisted of 5 factors of 'responsibility for learning', 'common interest', 'mutual relationships', 'open participation', and 'practice', comprising a total of 27 items. As the main survey, confirmatory factor analysis and reliability analysis of the instrument were carried out with a total 706 students of the 4th and 6th grade. This measuring instrument was validated and used for analyzing the culture of science classroom CoP of elementary school by comparing the data from the main survey in terms of structural factors, grade, gender, and teacher type. The measuring instrument is expected to be used not only for analyzing science classroom culture from the perspective of CoP, but also for offering implications for the desirable science classroom culture.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.45-51
• /
• 1995

In order to determine the optimum condition and timing for in vitro maturation of oocytes to metaphase of meiosis II (M II), the immatured follicular oocytes were recovered by puncturing the large(1.0~1.5 mm in diameter) and small(<1.0 mm in diameter) follicles in the ovaries of rabbits treated intramuscularly with a single dose of 100 TU PMSG 68 hours previously. The follicular oocytes were classified into three grades by the attachment of cumulus cells. The Grade I and II follicular oocytes from large follicles were cultured in BO-DM medium with 10% FCS, 35 $\mu$g /nl of FSH, 10 $\mu$g /ml of LH and 1 $\mu$g /ml of estradiol-17$\beta$ at 39t in a 5% $CO_2$ incubator for 11 to 23 hours. In 3 hours interval during the culture period, the oocytes were harvested and their cumulus cells were removed with hyaluronidase. The denuded oocytes were stained with Hoechst 33342 dye and their meiotic status and extrusion of the first polar body (PB) were examined under a fluorescence microscope. Also the fragmentation of the first PB and the distance between the first PB and nucleus were examined. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The mean recovery rate of follicular oocytes from the large and small follicles was 59. 9 and 31.3%, respectively. The mean number of oocytes recovered per rabbit and the Grade I percentage were 14.6 and 94.4% in large follicles, but 2.1 and 61.1% in small follicles, respectively. All the parameters examined were different significantly (p<0.05) between both the folliclular size. 2. Most of the follicular oocytes(86.8%) were matured in vitro to M II phase in 14 hours in Grade I oocytes, but the significantly(p<0.05) less oocytes(45.5%) were matured in Grade II oocytes. 3. The first PB was extruded in most of the oocytes(94.7%) in 14 hours of culture with the fragmentation rate of 29.6%, but the fragmentation rate of the first PB increased significantly (p<0.05) as the culture period for maturation was longer to 20 hours(63.5%). 4. The distance between the first PB and nucleus was increased linearly (p<0.05) as the maturation time passed from 14(7.1$\mu$rn) to 23 hours(58.4$\mu$m). 5. From the above results it was concluded that the optimum time for in vitro maturation culture might be 14 hours in the follicular oocytes from rabbit primed with PMSG for 68 hours, expecially when these follicular oocytes were used for recipient cytoplasms in embryo cloning.