• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.143-152
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• 2015

The increasing integration of public space and consumerism in Hong Kong has yielded new urban forms. The emergent vertical malls in Hong Kong and other East Asian metropolises have overturned the existing vertical order of the city. This vertical order is determined by the level of accessibility, but is being challenged by widely adopted vertical circulation technology. Inspired by Fredric Jameson's and Rem Koolhaas' reflections on the cultural significance of vertical transportation, this article examines the conflict between market logic and urban design requirements in the vertical interior spaces. "Departmentalization," as the current programming formula for vertical malls, can be further optimized by critically applying urban design doctrines such as Kevin Lynch's five elements of city image. It concludes with a statement that the knowledge base of vertical urbanism should be open to a set of new terminology informed by a new technological environment.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2012

The purpose of this article is to discuss the enhancement of medical professionalism and the artisan spirit proposed by Yu and to suggest curriculum content and methods to improve medical professionalism. Professionals are those who can share their knowledge with others and proceed under self-reflection on moral values and social expectations. The goal of medical education is to cultivate students to be good as well as to do well. To achieve this goal, educators should foster students to be good doctors for 99% of patients, rather than to be high performers for 1% of patients. There are two types of curriculum for medical professionalism: hidden and formative curricula. In these curricula, we doctors may be good role models for medical students. The curriculum contents and the methods for implementation that are based on accumulated experience can be embedded into education on professionalism. In addition, as suggested by Miller, how to evaluate medical professionalism based on a framework of clinical assessment must be discussed. Finally, it is suggested that the process of education on medical professionalism should be a kind of cultural movement to raise good doctors.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.71-92
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• 2009

Europass was established in 2005 by the European Parliament and the Council of Europe as a single framework for language qualifications and competences, helping citizens to gain accreditation throughout the European Community. In addition, the 1996 Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment (CEFR) provides a common basis for language syllabi, curriculum guidelines, examination, and textbooks in Europe. This framework describes the required knowledge and skills, the cultural context, and the levels of proficiency that learners should achieve. In combination, Europass and the CEFR provide employers and educational institutes with internationally recognized standards. This paper proposes that current trends such as globalization and international mobility require a similar approach to accreditation in Asia. As jobs and workers become independent of national boundaries and restrictions, it becomes necessary to educate students as multilingual world citizens, using standards that are accepted around the world. It is suggested, therefore, that assessment models such as Europass and the CEFR, along with successful language teaching models in Europe and Canada, present opportunities of adaptation for the Korean education system. Finally, rigorous teacher training to internationally recognized levels is recommended, if Korea is to produce a workforce of highly-skilled, plurilingual world citizens.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.28
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• pp.149-168
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• 2007

This project aims to develop a partnership between France and Korea; the field of paper conservation with two mains objectives. The first object is to study the possibilities of implementing the use of traditional Korean paper in conservation workshops in France and Europe. The second one is to establish a long term collaborative research program to investigate the degradation mechanisms of ancient papers and particularly early waxed manuscripts founded in Korea and France which are now brittle and fallen into parts. This problem deserves an investigation using analytical tools such as SEC/MALS, GC/MS to understand the interactions between wax and cellulose during the ageing process and to recommend proper conservation treatment. A research plan could be establish for both institution in order to facilities an exchange of visiting scholars (scientist, post-doc) to implement and share knowledge and for carrying out the research.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.271-274
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• 2019

Between August and September 2017, zonate leaf spots with severe defoliation were observed on Parthenocissus tricuspidata in Gimcheon, Korea. The initial symptoms included water-soaked, gray to grayish brown, circular or irregular-shaped leaf spots. As the disease progressed, the spots enlarged, coalesced, and became cream-colored with characteristic target-shaped rings, leading to leaf blight and premature defoliation. Based on cultural and morphological characteristics, the fungus associated with the symptoms was identified as Grovesinia moricola. The identity of this fungus was confirmed by analyzing sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region of ribosomal DNA. The pathogenicity of the isolate was demonstrated by artificial inoculation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of G. moricola occurring on P. tricuspidata globally as well as in Korea.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.39
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• pp.485-499
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• 2015

Initially, the word 'usage' in the rule of Korean orthography was used to indicate the whole grammatical knowledge to separate between stems and inflectional affixes and nominals and case markers. Nowadays the word 'usage' in the rule of Korean orthograph is understood to indicate both 'usage' as the principles of the orthographic rule and 'grammar.' Even though 'usage' and 'grammar' can be understood as two different words, the discrepancy between them is not clear. In fact, if examining the rule of Korean orthography, it is not difficult to find that the principles of the orthography is written based on the grammar rules. Thus, the original principle is damaged because the rule of Korean orthography depends on the grammar rules too much. In addition, the rule of Korean orthography forces to change the grammar rules when describing them. Incorrect description of the grammar rules often causes the spelling mistakes. Therefore, it is necessary to divide two areas such as 'usage' and 'grammar' when dealing with 'the orthographic rules' and describing them.

• American Studies
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.137-154
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• 2021

Due to her successful novel Little Women (1869), Louisa May Alcott has generally become known as a writer of sentimental fiction. However, her thrillers demonstrate her keen insights into domestic and international issues. Alcott's so-called "left hand" shows her stances on political and historical issues in America as well as in Europe and Asia. Particularly, Alcott's supporting voice for women against social prejudices is metaphorically portrayed in "A Whisper in the Dark" (1861). Interestingly, in the story Alcott displays her knowledge of the drug trades and the cultural effects of white male colonizers exploiting other peoples and countries around the globe, which were issues that she had learned about from neighboring intellectuals and newspapers. In the paper, I examine Alcott's radical views on gender equality, chauvinistic attitudes, and transnational politics in the mid-nineteenth century.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.249-251
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• 2021

Damping-off symptoms were frequently observed in young deltoid synurus (Synurus deltoides) plants grown in a farmer's vinyl greenhouse located in Hwacheon, Gangwon Province, Korea, during a disease survey in July 2019. The incidence of diseased plants in the vinyl greenhouse investigated was 5-30%. Five isolates of Rhizoctonia sp. were obtained from the diseased plants and identified as Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 (IB), based on morphological and cultural characteristics and anastomosis test results. Three isolates of R. solani AG-1 (IB) were tested for pathogenicity on deltoid synurus using artificial inoculation. All the tested isolates induced damping-off symptoms in the inoculated plants. The symptoms were similar to those observed in plants from the farmer's vinyl greenhouse. To our best knowledge, this is the first report of R. solani AG-1 (IB) causing damping-off in deltoid synurus.

• 중국학논총
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• no.69
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• pp.91-120
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• 2021

This study began with the lack of use of native Chinese professors in universities despite the fact that native Chinese professors are present and can provide a high-quality language environment to improve foreign language skills. In the literature, most team teaching studies were limited to speaking or cultural classes, and to apply a new teaching method called team teaching to Chinese grammar classes, they designed a class model and presented class guidance with an example of research 'le' In order to satisfy learners'desire for knowledge and to develop the Chinese teaching field, it is necessary to develop various teaching methods, and there should be various meaningful attempts.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.367-372
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• 2022

Leaf spot symptoms were observed in water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) plants growing in fields in Ansan and Hongseong, Korea, during disease surveys in 2019 and 2020. The symptoms appeared as brown to dark brown circular or irregular spots on the leaves of the plants. The disease incidence on the plant leaves in the fields investigated at the two locations ranged from 1% to 20%. Five single-spore isolates of Phoma sp. Were obtained from lesions of the diseased leaves. All the isolates were identified as Ectophoma multirostrata based on their cultural and morphological characteristics, as well as molecular analysis. Two isolates of E. multirostrata were tested for pathogenicity on water spinach leaves using artificial inoculation. The tested isolates caused leaf spot symptoms in the inoculated plants. These symptoms were similar to those observed in plants from the investigated fields. To our knowledge, this is the first report of E. multirostrata causing leaf spot in water spinach.