• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.71-90
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• 2011

The aim of this study was to investigate on characteristics of sociological and demographic population, marital conflicts and expectations to family counselors' cultural competence surrounding factors of cultural adaptation among immigrated women. This study conducted a survey of 236 immigrated women in Kyonggi province, Seoul metropolitan cities, Cholla and Chunchung provinces and Incheon. The results of this study are as follows: First, a relatively few marital conflicts were found, as a whole, while they had the high levels of expectation to family counselors' cultural competence. Second, immigrated women can be clustered as three different types: 'multiplicity type', 'undifferentiated type' and 'adaptation type'. Third, sociological and demographic population characteristics which were subdivided and clustered according to cultural adaptation made the significant difference between each population. Population with multiplicity type out of the above-stated three types accounted for the highest conflict rates, while population with 'adaptation' type accounted for the lowest conflict rates. Lastly, expectations to family counselors' cultural competence made the significant difference among each population. Population with multiplicity type showed the highest expectation levels on expectations to family counselors' cultural competence, while population with undifferentiated type showed the lowest levels.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.149-175
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to find out marital conflicts and coping strategies among married female immigrants and Korean men in multicultural families. The data were collected by in.depth interviews with 12 female immigrants and 5 Korean men. The major findings of this study are as follows: Female participants suffered from marital conflicts with their spouses, conflicts with mothers.in.law, stereotyped gender roles as a wife and a daughter.in.law, economic conflicts, and cultural differences between Korea and their country. In addition, male participants reported conflicts from economic support for their wife's family, gender role differences, and cultural differences. Coping strategies used to deal with the conflicts, such as mutual dedication and understanding their spouse's stance, and developing a compromise for the family's happiness were mentioned. A personal positive nature and attitude helped them to meet the marital conflicts. Supports from their husband, parents.in.law, and society also helped female immigrants to adapt to cultural differences. However, some of them used negative coping strategies which did not reduce conflicts, and resulted in separation and divorce. The coping strategies to deal with the conflicts depended on the participants' personal ability. While female participants who had English language skills took advantage to adapt to Korean society, those who did not have any other natural abilities could develop a definite position in their family and society with their diligence and positive attitude. The results showed that female participants who were supported by their family and society tended to cope successfully with conflicts and also showed that multicultural families' marital adjustment was maintained with their efforts as well as by relationships with their relatives and society.

• 한국인구학
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.75-99
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• 2010

이 논문의 목적은 한국사회의 세대갈등을 권력갈등, 이념갈등, 문화갈등으로 구분하여 갈등 형성의 배경과 실태를 분석하고 그 함의를 논의하는 데 있다. 실태 분석을 위하여 관공서의 집합 자료와 경험적 연구결과들이 활용되었다. 우선, 세대간 권력갈등의 핵심은 권력 이양시기를 둘러싼 충돌에 있다. 세대간 권력갈등을 의회 권력에 국한시켜 볼 때, 정권교체기의 이념적 지향의 부침과는 무관하게 젊은 의원들의 비율이 꾸준히 증가하는 저(低) 연령화 추세가 지속되고 있었다. 이러한 세대교체 추세는 당분간 다른 영역에서도 유지될 것으로 보인다. 다음으로, 세대간 이념갈등은 2002년 대선 전 후 극대화되었으나 04년 총선 이래 점차 완화되었다. 그러나 조건의 변화에 따라 일정한 계기가 주어지면 다시 활성화될 수 있을 것이다. 마지막으로, 문화 격차의 견지에서 볼 때 세대균열의 깊은 골은 대략 출생시점 1970년경을 중심으로 형성되었다. 문화갈등의 축을 성장주의 대 소비주의, 집단주의 대 개인주의, 권위주의 대 탈권위주의로 설정하여 갈등의 배경과 실태를 검토했다. 세 유형의 갈등 중 문화갈등의 역기능에 주목해야 한다. 세대간 문화격차 확대는 상호 의사소통을 방해하며 상호 교류와 공동 활동 기피라는 결과를 낳을 수 있기 때문이다. 문화갈등 완화를 위해, 사회 제 부문의 부조리와 비리 척결 그리고 세대 통합 프로그램을 활용하는 방안 등이 제시되었다.

• 영미문화
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-26
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• 2014

Multicultural theories fully fledged around the 1980s and the early 1990s. Emerging in the 1960s thanks to the Civil Rights movement, multiculturalism has become the grand American national narratives, whose tenets recognize and respect people with diverse racial and cultural backgrounds. This period, however, witnessed the eruption of violent and destructive rebellions or uprisings involving racial minorities. Racial conflicts and tensions exploded at the moment when multiculturalism was widely practiced in areas including education and public policy revealing that complicated problems are embedded in the urban ghettos. American popular culture, specifically addresses antagonisms among different races or ethnicities in Bed-Stuy in New York. Although the film is mainly concerned with the collision among races, it lets ambivalent and cacophonous values and ideologies be present in the black community. On the other hand, Ice Cube's "Black Korea" empowers the black community when it deals with the turbulent relationship between black residents and Korean American merchants. Simultaneously, it denigrates Korean Americans as gasta raps often target the institution like government or police. In short, while attempts to search the ideas of coexistence and juxtaposition through polyphonic features embodied in the film "Black Korea" seems to depend on the dualistic system when it deals with the black-Korean conflicts and as a result it just reveals the chasm between two communities.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.355-369
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• 2014

The in-law relationship traditionally plays a major role in Korean marriages and families because parents-in-law prefer to stay with their son under the same roof. The recent spike in the number of intercultural matches in South Korea may be provoking changes in the traditional family experience. The object of this qualitative study was to explore the contextual factors causing conflicts between mothers-in-law and their daughters-in-law in multicultural families. Six mother and daughter in-law dyads from rural areas of South Korea were recruited and interviewed. We found that the mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law had had different motives for the marriage at first. Five major themes emerged from the analysis of the dyadic interviews: the conflicts of the participants were embedded in the alternative family formation, in financial strains and the power structure, barriers in communication, cultural insensitivity and conflicts between value systems, as well as in role conflicts due to differing role expectations and hegemony. In conclusion, the authors of this study suggest that increasing cultural sensitivity and communication skills in immigrant daughter-in-law an Korean mother-in-law relationships will be crucial for a healthy in-law relationship. The need for the availability of Multicultural Family Centers' services in the community was highlighted. In order for mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law to form positive relationships, it is important to facilitate a variety of easily accessible educational programs in the community focusing on fostering the mother-in-law's understanding of the daughter-in-law's perspective.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2006

The purpose of this qualitative case study was to investigate the causes and processes of marital conflicts among intermarried families in Korea. The participants were 19 Korean men and their 19 Filipino spouses, who had experienced domestic violence. Their marital conflicts seemed to result from their lack of information about each other due to the short-term courtship, from the marital inequality based on the wives' lower economic status, and from the mother-in-law's interference in their marital relationships. Korean men showed ambivalent feelings about their wives' adaptation to Korean society. They wanted their wives to team Korean culture but worried that their young and educated wife might leave them, which could be called as "the fairy and woodman syndrome." The exploratory view of the study highlights the important psychosocial and cultural aspects of marital conflicts, and suggests the supporting systems for the intermarried families in Korea.

• 예술경영연구
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• 제51호
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• pp.103-134
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• 2019

이 연구는 국·공립문화예술단체가 하나의 조직으로, 조직의 내·외부에 수많은 갈등이 존재할 것이라는 인식에서 출발하였다. 또한, 갈등이 조직 구성원들에게 부정적 문제요소로 작용하며, 그로 인해 파생된 감정들이 어떠한 관계가 있는지를 파악하였다. 구체적으로, 1) 현직 국·공립문화예술단체(조직)의 예술단원(조직 구성원)들이 인식하는 갈등 요인을 파악하고, 2) 갈등이 부정적 문제요소로서 예술단원들에게 어떠한 영향력을 제공하는지, 3) 갈등에 따른 감정(소진, 이직 의도, 직무 불만족, 부정적 전이)이 어떠한 관계를 맺고 있는지를 살펴보는 것이 목적이다. 이를 위해, 이론적 검토와 동시에 현직 국·공립문화예술단체 소속 예술단원들을 대상으로 인터뷰 및 설문조사를 진행하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 국·공립문화예술단체의 예술단원들이 지각하는 갈등은 1) 조직적 갈등(경영·행정·운영 등), 2) 개인적 갈등(예술적 취향·동료 등)으로 구성될 수 있었다. 이 갈등은 조직 구성원들의 감정에 부정적인 방향을 제공하는 것으로 파악되었다. 조직적 갈등과 개인적 감정은 모두 감정 소진에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 감정 소진은 이직 의도와 직무 불만족에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 직무 불만족은 이직 의도에 정(+)의 영향을, 이직 의도와 직무 불만족은 부정적 전이에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 검토되었다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 국·공립문화예술단체의 효과적인 마케팅을 위한 시사점을 제시하였다.

• 영어영문학
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.77-105
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• 2008

Even though Paule Marshall and Ishmael Reed have differences of gender, generation, and literary techniques, they share common points in dealing with cultural conflicts and racial discrimination in the United States as Afro-American Writers. As black minority writers, Marshall and Reed write out of a perspective of forced immigrant/fragmentary native consciousness. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the protagonist's reaction to racial prejudice, different cultures and their attempts to reconcile and to coexist with other races and their culture in these writers' representative works. Marshall's uniqueness as a contemporary black female artist stems from her ability to write from the three levels, that is, African American and Caribbean black. So, Marshall's Brown Girl, Brownstones represents an attempt to identify, analyze, and resolve the conflict between cultural loss/displacement and cultural domination/hegemony. Reed's Japanes by Spring offers a blistering attack upon the various cultural and racial factions of the academy and the bankrupt value systems in America. Reed's depiction of Jack London College's existing racial problems-later compounded by the cultural dilemmas that accompany the Japanese occupation of the institution-reveals his interest in highlighting the ways in which any monoculturalist ideology ultimately results in racist and culturally exclusive policies. Marshall's and Reed's novels provide opportunities for reader to explore various manifestations of intercultual and interethnic dynamics. They present the possibility of reconciliation and coexistence between different race and ethnic cultures through asserting a cultural hybridity and multiculturalism.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.157-167
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• 2015

본 연구는 다문화가정 아동의 이중문화스트레스 요인이 학교생활적응에 미치는 영향에 대해 교사지지가 보호요인으로서 조절효과가 어떻게 나타내는지 검증해 보았다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 다문화가정 아동 중 초등학교 3학년이상 6학년 대상으로 표본을 추출하여 설문조사를 실시하였다. 분석결과 다문화가정 아동의 차별경험과, 언어갈등은 학교생활적응의 학습활동에 영향을 미치며, 교사지지는 조절효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 언어갈등이 학교생활적응의 교우관계에 미치는 영향은 교사지지는 조절효과가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 다문화가족 아동의 학교생활적응을 고취시킬 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.51-64
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• 2020

Interviews with 17 Korean American professionals living in Korea revealed the relationship between their status, cultural identities, social capital, and conflicts that arise between their understanding of American and Korean social norms. The findings indicate that social capital for Korean Americans in Korea largely comprises of their English community in Korea and the Seoul Global Center; and that their access to social capital in the Korean society, in general, is limited. As result of limited availability and accessibility of social capital, with a sense of superiority, they maintained their American identity. In terms of social control, their lack of motivation to adopt and follow Korean social norms, as well as them being from the U.S., limited changes occurred in their cultural identity. Extending previous research on the Theory of Intercultural Public Relations, the public's power allows them to maintain their cultural identity, which in turn, effect their communication process. Implications of these findings, as well as suggestions for future study, are discussed.