• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.97-104
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• 2015

Purpose - The distribution of agricultural products is changing due to recent shifts in environmental free trade. Specifically, the competitiveness of domestic agricultural products has weakened as a result of the Korea-China Financial Trade Agreement. Agricultural producers are faced with increasing difficulties and organized production centers are growing in importance daily. To overcome this crisis, agricultural producer organizations are vying for environment-friendly agricultural certifications, Good Agriculture Practices (GAP) and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP). In particular, as consumer demand for higher safety grows, farmers are increasing their certification rates. Therefore, this certification system is expected to help strengthen the competitiveness of agricultural producer organizations. Research design/data/methodology - Organized production centers are classified by certification. A survey was conducted with 91 organizations using factor analysis and logistic regression analysis for the examination. The factor analysis results are as follows. Raw material procurement, education·specialization, marketing, joint business, organizing ability, business management, effectiveness, certification, and larger organizations were classified as the nine types of factors. These factors affect the organized production centers and are used in the logistic regression analysis. The purpose of such research and analysis is to suggest a direction for future production center policies. Results - The basic statistical results are as follows: analysis of the producer organizations of 91 sites, average number of members per site of 1,624, and average sales of 25,961 million won. Additionally, the average income per farmer is 175 million won, and the pooling system rate is 53.5%. The factor analysis results are as follows. Factor 1 consists of contract cultivation, ongoing shipment, selection subdivision, traceability, and major retailer management. Factor 2 consists of manual cultivation, specialty selection, education program, and R&D. Factor 3 consists of advertising, various dealers, various sales strategies, and a unified sales counter. Factor 4 consists of agricultural materials co-purchase, policy support, co-shipment, and incentives. Factor 5 consists of the co-selection and pooling system. Factor 6 consists of co-branding and operating by the organization's article. Factor 7 consists of the buy-sell ratio and rate of operation of the agriculture promotion center. Factor 8 consists of bargaining power in volume and participation rate of farmer certification. Factor 9 consists of increasing new subscribers. The logistic regression analysis results are as follows. Considering the results by type of certification, the environment-friendly agricultural certification type and the GAP certification type have a (+) influence. GAP and HACCP certification types affecting the education·specialization factor have a (+) influence. Considering the results for each type of certification, the environment-friendly agricultural certification types on the effectiveness factor have (-) influence; the HACCP certification types on the organizing ability and effectiveness factor have a (-) influence. Conclusions - Agricultural producer organizations should develop plans as follows: The organizations need to secure education for agricultural production; increase the pooling system ratio for sustainable organizational development; and, finally, expand the number of agricultural producer organizations.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.845-848
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• 2001

For understanding physiology and metabolism under various culture conditions, combined analysis of transcriptome and proteome is attractable way. We have manufactured DNA microarray containing 2,850 genes including all functionally known and putative ones. In this study, we report analysis of transcriptome and proteome during the high cell density culture of E. coli by using DNA microarray and 2-DE. Fed-batch fermentation of E. coli was carried out by exponential feeding of nutrients until the maximum cell density reached 74 g dry cell weight/L (g DCW/L). Changes in transcriptome and proteome during the HCDC are analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively to provide their physiological and metabolic meanings.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.40-54
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• 2006

It's not easy to detect the high quality and functional compounds for control quality of food materials. The electronic nose was an instrument, which comprised of an array of electronic chemical sensors with partial specificity and an appropriate pattern recognition system, capable of recognizing simple or complex odors. It can conduct fast analysis and provide simple and straightforward results and is best suited for quality control and process monitoring in the field of functional foods. Numbers of applications of an electronic nose in the functional food industry include discrimination of habitats for medicinal food materials, monitoring storage process, lipid oxidation, and quality control of food and/or processing with principal component analysis, neural network analysis and the electronic nose based on GC-SAW sensor. The electronic nose would be possibly useful for a wide variety of quality control in the functional food and plant cultivation when correlating traditional analytical instrumental data with sensory evaluation results or electronic nose data.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.463-467
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• 2020

The main feature of this study is to automatically synthesize square images by sending aerial photographs and images from unmanned aerial vehicles (drons). It may be applicable to the cloud server, and to apply analytical algorithms for the suitable purpose of image processing. Drone imaging analysis is a process that can be used in various fields such as finding contaminated area of green algae, monitoring forest fire, and managing crop cultivation.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.63 no.2
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• pp.78-84
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• 2019

High-resolution $^1H$ NMR spectroscopic technique has been widely used as one of the most powerful analytical tools in food chemistry as well as to define molecular structure. The $^1H$ NMR spectra-based metabolomics has focused on classification and chemometric analysis of complex mixtures. The principal component analysis (PCA), an unsupervised clustering method and used to reduce the dimensionality of multivariate data, facilitates direct peak quantitation and pattern recognition. Using a combination of these techniques, the various green teas and black teas brewed were investigated via metabolite profiling. These teas were characterized based on the leaf size and country of cultivation, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.219-224
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• 2019

BACKGROUND: Soil bacteria play important roles in organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling during the non-growing season. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of soil management and chemical properties on the utilization of carbon sources by soil bacteria in paddy fields. METHODS AND RESULTS: The Biolog EcoPlate was used for analyzing community-level carbon substrate utilization profiles of soil bacteria. Soils were collected from the following three types of areas: plain, interface and mountain areas, which were tested to investigate the topology effect. The results of canonical correspondence analysis and Kendall rank correlation analysis showed that soil C/N ratio and NH₄⁺ influenced utilization of carbon sources by bacteria. The utilization of carbohydrates and complex carbon sources were positively correlated with NH₄⁺ concentration. Cultivated paddy fields were compared with adjacent abandoned fields to investigate the impact of cultivation cessation. The level of utilization of putrescine was lower in abandoned fields than in cultivated fields. Monoculture fields were compared with double cropping fields cultivated with barley to investigate the impact of winter crop cultivation. Cropping system altered bacterial use of carbon sources, as reflected by the enhanced utilization of 2-hydroxy benzoic acid under monoculture conditions. CONCLUSION: These results show that soil use intensity and topological characteristics have a minimal impact on soil bacterial functioning in relation to carbon substrate utilization. Moreover, soil chemical properties were found to be important factors determining the physiological profile of the soil bacterial community in paddy fields.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.688-692
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• 2005

Importance of substitute energy has been increasing due to environmental issues and lack of fossil fuels. In addition, heating cost that occupies from 30 to $40\%$ of the total production cost in Korean protected cultivation needs to be reduced for profitability and global competition. But, studying on substitute energy to solve these problems has not been activated for Korean protected cultivation. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop a geothermal heat pump system for cool ing and heat ing of greenhouses at a lower cost than conventional hot air heater and air conditioner. Fundamental test of heat transfer characteristics in soil was conducted by computer simulation and controlled tests for its verification. Based on the results of the theoretical and empirical investigations, an optimum heat pump system was developed and the performance was evaluated for practical use in a greenhouse at the Pusan Horticultural Experiment Station. The system was compared with a conventional hot air heating system through a cucumber growing test and economic feasibility analysis. Results of the application test of the geothermal heat pump showed that with an initial setting of $15^{\circ}C$ the inside temperature of the greenhouse could be maintained between 15 and $17^{\circ}C$. Results of the cucumber growing test showed that there were no significant differences in average height, leaf length, leaf width, number of nods, leaf area, dry weight and yield between the plots wi th the geothermal heat pump system and a conventional hot air heater. Economic feasibility analysis indicated that the variable cost of the hot air heater could be saved $81.2\%$ using the geothermal heat pump system. It was concluded that the geothermal heat pump system might be a pertinent heating and cooling system for greenhouses because of the low operating cost and the use of environment-friendly geothermal energy.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.47-52
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• 2006

The cultural grounds of laver has been surveyed using SPOT-5 satellite images to calculate the facilities of laver cultivation area in the coastal waters of Korea 10m resolution multispectral images of SPOT-5 are adopted for the south area of Daebu Island, Hwaseong city to develop an automatic detection approach of laver nets that consists of the following: band difference technique, canny edge detector and morphological analysis. The satellite-based facilities number was relatively high as compared with the licensed number in 2005, 676,749 chaek and 572,745 chaek(柵, unit of measure for laver farm), respectively. The data could be applied to achieve a good harvest for laver seaweed growers and to control its national production keeping a stable market price for the government body.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.305-317
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• 2004

The learning materials in elementary school science textbooks should include all kinds of materials being used by both teachers and students in the science teaching. The major purpose of this research is to analysis textbooks and teacher's guidebooks prepared for the science teaching of 3-6 grade students. To clarify this research, we listed whole of the learning materials of science teaching for each grade and counted numbers being used for whole of the lessons of science. And according to the characteristics and the methods of its preparation of materials, the types of learning materials can be divided into 10 categories such as teaching equipments for science, test materials, consumables, audio-visual aids, teaching equipments in general, collecting' recycling materials, field studies' collected data, breeding' cultivation materials, manufacture materials, and etc. At the result of this research, the 7th national science curriculum needs total 844 items of learning materials for science education. They could be separated into ten types of categories such as 159 items of teaching equipments for science, 65 items of test materials, 116 items of consumables, 198 items of audio-visual aids, 64 items teaching equipments in general, 31 items of collecting' recycling materials, 38 items of field studies (collecting) materials, 17 items of breeding-cultivation materials, 58 items of manufacturing materials, 105 items of other materials. And we found out that there were 332 items of materials for the 3rd grade, 303 items for the 4th grade, 324 items for the 5th grade, and 254 items for the 6th grade. The result of this research could be useful for classroom activities for science teaching.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.16-20
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• 2018

Background: The Panax ginseng plant is used as an herbal medicine. Phytosterols of P. ginseng have inhibitory effects on inflammation-related factors in HepG2 cells. Methods: Phytosterols (e.g., stigmasterol and ${\beta}$-sitosterol) in the roots of P. ginseng grown under various conditions were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The P. ginseng roots analyzed in this study were collected from three cultivation areas in Korea (i.e., Geumsan, Yeongju, and Jinan) and differed by cultivation year (i.e., 4 years, 5 years, and 6 years) and production process (i.e., straight ginseng, red ginseng, and white ginseng). Results: The concentrations of stigmasterol and ${\beta}$-sitosterol in P. ginseng roots were 2.22-23.04 mg/g and 7.35-59.09 mg/g, respectively. The highest concentrations of stigmasterol and ${\beta}$-sitosterol were in the roots of 6-year-old P. ginseng cultivated in Jinan (82.14 mg/g and 53.23 mg/g, respectively). Conclusion: Six-year-old white ginseng and white ginseng cultivated in Jinan containing stigmasterol and b-sitosterol are potentially a new source of income in agriculture.