• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.234-240
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 온실 설계의 기초자료로 이용할 목적으로 온실에서 재배되고 있는 작물 중에 작물하중이 상대적으로 큰 토마토와 파프리카를 대상으로 작물하중을 측정하였다. 재배기간 중 동절기의 기온은 평년대비 최저 및 평균기온의 최대 차이는 각각 $-5.6^{\circ}C$ 및 $-4.9^{\circ}C$로 나타났고, 하절기의 최대 온도 차이는 각각 $3.0^{\circ}C$ 및 $1.5^{\circ}C$를 나타났다. 푸쉬풀 게이지의 측도 설정한 결과, 결정계수가 0.99 정도로서 상관관계가 아주 높은 것으로 나타났다. 파프리카의 재식밀도는 각각 3.43 및 $3.56plants{\cdot}m^{-2}$이었고, 토마토는 $2.13plants{\cdot}m^{-2}$이었다. 그리고 생산량은 각각 4.1, $4.3kg{\cdot}plant^{-1}$ 및 $16.2kg{\cdot}plant^{-1}$ 정도로서 단위면적당 생산량으로 보면, 14.1, $15.2kg{\cdot}m^{-2}$ 및 $34.5kg{\cdot}m^{-2}$ 정도인 것으로 파악되었다. 파프리카 및 토마토의 경우, 최대하중은 약 1.3, $1.5kg{\cdot}plant^{-1}$ 및 $3.3kg{\cdot}plant^{-1}$ 정도이었다. 파프리카 재배에서 작물을 중방에 매달 경우, 중방에 작용하는 총 작물하중은 $15.3{\sim}15.9kg{\cdot}m^{-2}$ 정도로 예측되고, 재배베드를 지지하는 거터의 무게를 고려하면 총 무게는 $26.0{\sim}26.9kg{\cdot}m^{-2}$ 정도이었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.180-187
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• 1990

야산개간지(野山開墾地) 토양(土壤)에서 땅콩재배시(栽培時) 공협방지(空莢防止)를 위(爲)해 전북(全北) 김제(金堤)에서 소석회중화량(消石灰中和量), 소석회중화량(消石灰中和量) 1.5배(倍), 석회고토중화량(石灰苦土中和量), 석회고토중화량(石灰苦土中和量) 1.5배(倍)를 처리(處理)하여 시험(試驗)을 수행(遂行)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 수량(收量)은 소석회중화량(消石灰中和量)(231kg/10a)에 비(比)하여 석회고토중화량(石灰苦土中和量) 1.5배시용구(倍施用區)가 27% 증수(增收)하였으며, 공협수(空莢數)도 석회고토중화량(石灰苦土中和量) 1.5배시용구(倍施用區)가 10.5개로 가장 적었다. 2. 성숙기(成熟期) 식물체중(植物體中)의 MgO함량(含量)은 주당분지수(株當分枝數), 건물중(乾物重), 협수(莢數), 100입중(粒重)과 유의적(有意的) 정(正)의 상관(相關)이었으나 공협수(空莢數)와는 유의적(有意的) 부(負)의 상관(相關)이었다. 3. 성숙기(成熟期) 건물체중(植物體中)의 CaO, MgO함량(含量)은 협(莢)의 부피, 협(莢)의 표면적, 협 (莢)의 두께, 협(莢)의 무게와는 유의적(有意的) 정(正)의 상관(相關)이었다. 4. 성숙기(成熟期) 토양중(土壤中) Ca, Mg와 수량(收量)과는 각각(各各) $r=0.572^*$, $r=0.556^*$으로 유의적(有意的) 정(正)의 상관(相關)이었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.383-396
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• 1992

우리나라의 경작지 경토중에 특정비료성분의 과다축적으로 경토중의 각종성분 상호간의 불균형현상이 심화되어 경지의 생산성이 저하될 우려가 있어 작토성분함량을 감안한 시비량을 조절할 수 있도록 개발된 기존 시비적량 추정방법에 따라 주요 개선제 및 3요소 수요량을 추정하는 한편 그 대책에 관한 의견을 제시하였으며 그 내용을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 작물별 시비적량과 예상재배면적에서 추정한 3요소수요량은 경토분석치에서 추정한 수요량의 질소는 76.3% 인산은 308.3% 가리는 363.2%로서 질소는 과소하였고 인산과 가리는 과다하였다. 2. 1970년부터 1990년간의 년간 평균 3요소공급량은 경토분석치에서의 추정수요량보다 모두 많아서 질소는 113.8% 인산은 297.4% 가리는 287.5%였고 1990년도에 농업협동조합을 통해서 전국에 공급한 3요소성분량도 경토분석치에서 추정한 량보다 더욱 많아서 질소는 1.42배, 인산은 3.35배, 가리는 4.04배였으며 이것이 축산발기물에서 경토에 가해지는 량과 더불어 경토에 인산과 가리성분의 축적량이 특히 많은 원인이라고 판단되었다. 3. 지난날의 3요소수요량이 과다한 것은 현재의 과다하게 설정되어있는 작물별시비기준량 때문이며 현 우리나라 작물별 시비기준량은 일본기준량에 비해서도 과다하기 때문에 재검토를 요한다고 판단되었다. 4. 전작물에 대한 시비적량은 각 작물별로 적정생산에 필요한 성분흡수량과 경토의 유효성분함량과의 관계에서 추정할 수 있는 모형이 적합할것으로 판단되었다. 5. 우리나라 경지의 균형적 비옥도관리를 촉진시키기 위한 당면과제는 저인산 저가리 함고토 및 완효성질소를 함유한 3요소복비의 개발보급이 시급하다 하겠으며 앞으로는 밭 작물에 대해서도 적절한 시비적량 추정모형을 개발활용할 필요가 있다고 판단되었다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.40-51
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 건물의 유무에 따른 도시지역의 침수특성을 이중배수체계기반의 2차원 침수 해석모형을 이용하여 각각 해석하고 해석 결과의 차이를 비교하는데 있다. 이를 위해 LiDAR 측량 기반 $1m{\times}1m$ 해상도의 표고모델과 표고모델 위에 건물의 외벽을 따라 지표수 유입을 억제하는 격자를 생성한 표고모델의 2가지 지형자료를 구축하였고, 2가지 지형조건을 2차원 침수해석모형의 입력 자료로 활용하기 위해 $10m{\times}10m$ 해상도로 re-sampling 하였다. 분석 결과, CCTV 영상에 의한 실측 침수심 자료와 모의값을 비교한 결과, 건물을 고려하지 않은 지형자료를 사용한 경우 침수심이 과소 산출되었으나, 건물을 고려한 경우에는 실측값과 근사하게 모의되었다. 침수심의 차이는 침수 가능 면적의 변화에 따라 침수체적이 변하게 되므로, 지표면으로 유출되는 수문량이 절대량으로 고정된다면 침수 가능영역이 큰 지형자료를 사용한 경우 침수심이 낮아지기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 한편 침수흔적도와 비교한 침수면적은 두 지형자료 모두 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나 근사하게 건물을 고려한 경우의 일치도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 침수면적과 침수심의 두 가지를 종합적으로 고려한다면, 이중배수체계기반의 2차원 침수해석모형을 활용하여 도시유역의 침수해석을 수행하는 경우, 건물을 고려한 지형자료를 사용하는 것이 바람직하다고 판단된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.1397-1405
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• 2010

Mass mortalities of cultivated organisms have occurred frequently in Korean coastal waters causing enormous losses to cultivating industry. The preventive measures require continuous observation of farm environment and real-time provision of data. However, line hanging aquaculture farm are generally located far from monitoring buoys and has limitations on installation of heavy equipments. Substituting battery pack for solar panels and miniaturizing size of buoy, newly developed system can be attached to long line hanging aquaculture farm. This system could deliver measured data to users in real-time and contribute to damage mitigation and prevention from mass mortalities as well as finding their causes. The system was installed off Gijang and Yeongdeck in Korea, measuring and transmitting seawater temperature at the sea surface every 30 minutes. Short term variation of seawater temperature, less than one day, in Gijang from June to July 2009 corresponded tidal period of about 12 hours and long term variation seemed to be caused by cold water southeast coast of Korea, particularly northeast of Gijang. Seawater temperature differences between Gijang station and the other station that is about 500 m away from Gijang station were $1^{\circ}C$ on average. This fact indicates that it is need to be pay attention to use substitute data even if it is close to the station. Daily range of seawater temperature, one of crucial information to aquaculture, can be obtained from this system because temperature were measured every 30 minutes. Averages of daily range of temperature off Gijang and Yeongdeok during each observation periods were about $2.9^{\circ}C$ and $4.7^{\circ}C$ respectively. Dominant period of seawater temperature variation off Yeongdeok was one day with the lowest peak at 5 a.m. and the highest one at 5 p.m. generally, resulting from solar radiation.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.371-375
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• 2014

본 연구는 인공광 이용형 common ice plant 식물공장 설계를 위한 기초자료를 확보하고자 수행되었다. 인공광 이용형 식물공장에서 작물의 광합성을 위해 필요한 광도는 $120{\sim}200{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$, 탄소 고정률은 $0.84nmolCO_2{\cdot}cm^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$이었다. 1주의 점유 면적 $0.0225m^2$($15{\times}15cm$), 광도 $200{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$, 하루 1,000주 생산을 가정할 경우, 식재 주수는 25,000주, $563m^2$의 재배면적이 필요하며, 전체 광도는 $140,625{\mu}mol{\cdot}s^{-1}$가 필요하게 된다. 하루 전력 약 153.2kW 기준으로 약 2,785개의 55W 형광등이 필요하며, 1개월 전기요금은 246만원(농업용 전력(을))이 된다. 또한 조명 설비 비용 2,785만원, 설비 비용 8,356만원과 전체 생산 비용 10,027만원이 소요된다. 재배기간 25일(325일 생산), 상품화율 80%에 따른 1주 당 생산 비용은 인건비 포함하여 약 370원이 된다. 경비 총합, 감가상각비와 연간 판매수입을 고려해 볼 때, 1주당 판매 비용은 970원 이상으로 판단되었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.96-102
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• 2003

This study was conducted to determine the effects of two plant populations (28 and 14 plants per $m^2$) and two toppings in conventional plant population (28 plants per $m^2$) on soybean (Glycine max L. cv. Pungsannamulkong) cultivated in the paddy field. The two topping time were taken at 6$^{th}$ to 7$^{th}$ and 8$^{th}$ to 9$^{th}$ trifoliolate leaf stages in the conventional plant population. Experimental design for growth data was a randomized complete block with three replications, and samples were taken at R1 (July 31), R3 (August 19), R5 (September 2) and R7 (September 23) growth stages. The branch number of soybean was relatively higher in the low plant population (14 plants per $m^2$) and with the topping at the 6$^{th}$ to 7$^{th}$ leaf stage, in the conventional plant population (28 plants per $m^2$), and with topping at the 8$^{th}$ to 9$^{th}$ trifoliolate leaf stage in descending order. The highest average branch length of soybean was observed in the low population and the longest branch length was observed from the soybean with topping at the 6$^{th}$ to 7$^{th}$ leaf stage. The leaf number per plant was decreased in order of in the low population, with the topping at 6$^{th}$ to 7$^{th}$ trifoliolate leaf stage, with the topping at 8$^{th}$ to 9$^{th}$ trifoliolate leaf stage, and in the conventional population. The leaf area was high in the low population and with topping at 6$^{th}$ to 7$^{th}$ trifoliolate leaf stage and was relatively low in the conventional population and with the topping at 8$^{th}$ to 9$^{th}$ trifoliolate leaf stage in soybean. The dry weight of leaves and branches was high in the low population and with the topping at 6$^{th}$ to 7$^{th}$ trifoliolate leaf stage and was relatively low in the conventional population and with topping at 8$^{th}$ to 9$^{th}$ trifoliolate leaf stage. The leaf number per plant was high in the low population and with topping at 6$^{th}$ to 7$^{th}$ trifoliolate leaf stage and was relatively low in the conventional population and with topping at 8$^{th}$ to 9$^{th}$ trifoliolate leaf stage. The grain yield per 10a was high with the topping at 6$^{th}$ to 7$^{th}$ trifoliolate leaf stage.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.198-198
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• 2017

Cultivated varieties of sweet potato were from dry texture type to tender texture type on the basis of consumer preferences. There are many differences in the quantity of sweet potato, starch content, pigment, and sugar content depending on the cultivation season and area, even in the same variety. Therefore, in this study, we attempted to establish optimum time of harvesting through growth characteristics and variation in component like starch, sugar, polyphenol and flavonoid. Four sweet potato varieties were used in this experiment. Among them, Jinhongmi (JHM) & Yulmi (YM) were as dry texture type and Pungwonmi (PWM) & Hogammi (HGM) were as tender texture type. Sweet potatoes were transplanted on 23 May, 2016 and were investigated storage root weight and component contents every 20 days from 60 days to 120 days and surveyed yield at 110, 120, 130 days after transplantation. Result revealed that storage root weight of YM, JHM, and HGM were 30.1, 38.9, 20.8 g respectively in 60 days after transplanting. Storage roots of PWM gerw faster with the weight of 88.2 g. In 120 days after transplanting, storage root weight varied from 88.3 to 118.7 g, HGM was the smallest, and PWM was the largest. Sugar contents of sweet potato ranged from 21.0 to $23.8Brix^{\circ}$ in 60 days after transplanting and from 27.5 to $30.78Brix^{\circ}$ in 120 days after transplanting. In particular, the sugar content of HGM was the highest over $30Brix^{\circ}$ after 80 days. The starch content of dry texture type (YM, JHM) increased from 15.5% to 20.4% and tender texture type (PWM, HGM) increased from 11.0% to 17.3%. Starch content tended to be high in dry type sweet potatoes. The content of polyphenol and flavonoid were highest in 60 days after transplanting and was reduced according to cultivation period. The total yield of PWM was high as 3,154 kg/10a and large storage root of over 250 g accounted for 47.4% in 110 days after transplanting. Storage root (YM, JHM, HGM) of 81~150 g accounted for 34.9% ~ 43.2% in 120 days after transplanting. These are the most marketable. Because consumer in Korea prefers small, round and about 100g size sweet potato. The ratio of large storage root (over 250 g) were increased in all varieties at 130 days after transplanting. Therefore, it is considered appropriate to harvest PWM at 110 days and YM, JHM, HGM at 120 days after transplanting, which planted in late May.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.331-331
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• 2017

This study was conducted to know the influence of air temperature and sunshine duration on yield, chemical component, pigment color difference and starch characteristics of two colored rice cultivars in the plain area of Yeongnam province in Korea. The $L^*$, $a^*$, and $b^*$ value of brown rice in Hongjinju and Josaengheugchal rice cultivars was significantly different at continuous cultivated years, 2015 and 2016. The $L^*$, $b^*$ value of two colored rice was significantly increased in 2016 compared to 2015. The $a^*$ value of Josengheugchal rice cultivar was also significantly higher at 2016 than at 2015. It can be noticed the $a^*$, $b^*$, $L^*$ values in Josaengheugchal varied more than those in Hongjinju. Air temperature during ripening period in 2016 was higher than 2015, especially minimum temperature was too high to proper maturation for rice quality. In Josaengheugchal rice cultivar, sunshine duration after heading was longer in 2016 than in 2015. On the contrary, Hongjinju rice cultivar was ripened under condition of insufficient sunshine duration in 2016. The short growing duration by high temperature and long shiny duration made the lack of pigment for Josaengheugchal brown rice. In Hongjinju rice cultivar, shorten sunshine duration and higher night temperature were the source of the pigment deficiency. The grain size of rice which produced in 2016 was bigger than that of 2015 in both rice cultivars. The 1,000 grain weight of rice from 2016 was also bigger than that of 2015. Head rice ratio was high in the rice cultivars produced in 2015. Protein of milled rice in 2016 was more decreased than that of 2015 in Josaengheugchal rice cultivar, it showed reverse result in Hongjinju rice cultivar. Amylose contents of milled rice in 2016 were more decreased than that of 2015 in Hongjinju rice cultivar. Branch chain length distribution of amylopectin was shown a distinct difference between Josaengheugchal and Hongjinju rice flours by each produced year. Josaengheugchal rice cultivar produced in 2015 had a higher amount of short chains than that of 2016 rice starches. In Josaengheugchal rice cultivar, the pasting temperature and peak, trough, breakdown, final viscosity increased in rice flour which produced at 2016, whereas the setback viscosity and peak time showed lower value than those of rice from 2015. The most pasting properties (except of setback viscosity) of rice starch in Hongjinju rice cultivar grown in 2015 were higher than those of rice cultivar produced in 2016.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.183-183
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• 2017

In the early part of rice growth, root volume primarily limits the amount of plant-accessible nitrogen (N). Therefore, knowledge of the root development is important for modeling N uptake of rice. The timing when the volume of rhizosphere cover the whole soil is also important to carry out timely top dressing. However, information about initial root expansion and associated N uptake is limited due to intrinsic technical difficulties in assessing below-ground processes. Some studies, however, showed a close relationship between below-ground root and above-ground leaf development, suggesting a possibility that above-ground attributes could serve as surrogates for the root processes. In this study, we investigated the relationship between below-ground and above-ground development of rice. Field experiments were conducted where we cultivated Koshihikari (a leading cultivar in Japan) for four different cropping schedules in 2012. In 2016, Gimbozu (HEG4) and three flowering time mutant lines of Gimbozu (X61 (se13), HS276 (ef7), DMG9 (se13, ef7)) were examined for a single season. Experiments were performed with three replications in a completely randomized design. We monitored ammonium-N concentration ([NH4+-N]) in soil solution by repeatedly taking samples from a porous tubing (10-cm long) vertically inserted at the most distant point from surrounding rice hills. Samples were taken in triplicate (= triplicate tubes) and every three days from transplanting in each experimental unit. For above-ground attributes, leaf area index (LAI) was measured in 2012, whereas soil coverage ratio was estimated by image processing in 2016. Results showed that [NH4+-N] increased gradually after transplanting and then rapidly decreased from a certain day. This distinct drop in [NH4+-N] informed us the timing at which the rice root system reached the point of porous tubing and thus essentially covered the whole soil volume. The LAI at the dropping point was about 0.43 regardless of the cropping schedules in 2012 experiment. In 2016, the coverage ratio at the N dropping point was within the range of 0.12 to 0.19 for four genotypes having different growth durations. In addition, the coverage ratios at seven weeks after the transplanting showed a good correspondence to LAI across the four genotypes. We therefore conclude that both LAI and coverage ratio may serve as robust indicators for root development and might be useful to estimate the timing when the root system fully cover the soil volume. Results obtained here will also contribute to develop models that can predict not only above-ground canopy development but also associated below-ground processes.