• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.1624-1624
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• 2001

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to investigate the possibility for application in identification of apple cultivars. Three apple cultivars ‘Kamhong, Hwahong, and Fuji’ produced in Korea were scanned over the range of 1100-2500nm using NIRS (Infra Alzer 500). Two types of samples were used for scanning; one was apple with skin and the other was apple without skin. For cultivar identification, the NIR absorbance spectrums were analyzed by qualitative calibration in “Sesame” analysis program, and the various influence properties such as sugar contents, acidity, color, firmness, and micro-structure were compared in scanned samples. The ‘Kamhong’ cultivar could be identified from ‘Hwahong’ and ‘Fuji’ cultivars using the cluster model analysis. The test samples in calibration between ‘Kamhong’ and ‘Fuji’ cultivars could be completely identified. The test samples in calibration between ‘Kamhong’ and ‘Hwahong’ cultivars could be identified most of all. But, ‘Hwahong’ and ‘Fuji’ cultivars could not be quite classified each other. The apple skin influenced the identification process of apple cultivars. The samples without skin were more difficult to classify in calibration than the samples with skin. The physicochemical properties of apple cultivars showed like the result of identification in calibration using NIRS. Some physicochemical properties of ‘Kamhong’ cultivar were different from those of the other cultivars. Those of ‘Hwahong’ and ‘Fuji’ cultivars showed. similar to each other. The sucrose contents of ‘Kamhong’ cultivar were higher and the fructose contents and firmness of skin and flesh were lower than those of the others. The hypodermis layer of skin in ‘Kamhong’ cultivar was thinner than those of the others. In this studies, the identification of all apple cultivars by NIRS was not quite accurate because of the physicochemical properties which were different in the same cultivar, and inconsistent patterns by culivars in some properties. To solve these problems in NIRS application for apple cultivar identification, further study should be focused on the use of peculiar properties among the apple cultivars.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.303-308
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• 2007

An accumulation levels of osmolytes in chilling-tolerant and chilling-sensitive cultivar of Cucurbits against chilling stress were determined during chilling stress. Total soluble sugar contents in tolerant cultivar did not changes fur 10 days after chilling stress, but then slightly increased 20 days after chilling stress. In sensitive cultivar, it was increased rapidly in the beginning of chilling stress, and increased 3.4 times as much 20 days after chilling stress as compared with unstressed plants. Proline contents in tolerant cultivar was rapidly increased by the beginning of chilling stress, and then increased 26.6 times 20 days after chilling stress as compared with unstressed plants. In sensitive cultivar, it was increased 22.0 times 20 days after chilling stress as compared with unstressed plants. A levels of glycine betaine (GB) in tolerant cultivar increased 1.9 times as much during the 20 days of chilling stress. However, concentration of GB in sensitive cultivar did not change during the chilling stress. When plants were treated exogenous GB as a foliar spray, chilling tolerance was significantly enhanced in both cultivars. The foliar application of exogenous GB was induced chilling tolerance by accumulation of GB in the plant organs. However, it does not accumulate endogenous proline.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.235-241
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• 2016

Three different transplanting dates for two rice cultivars grown in Daegu, Republic of Korea, were examined to identify the changes in growth, rice quality, and characteristics of amylopectin. An early transplanting date caused a reduction in the number of panicles in both rice cultivars compared to that in the optimal and late transplanting dates. The 1000-grain weight in the two rice cultivars was significantly increased in the late transplanting date. The rice cultivar tolerant to high temperatures, Donganbyeo, exhibited the lowest milky grain rate in the late transplanting date. The highest rate of head grain was observed in the late transplanting date in both rice cultivars. Regarding the pattern of pasting properties, peak viscosity increased with delayed transplanting dates. With respect to changes in the amylopectin branch-chain length distribution, the amylopectin structure of the translucent Dongan rice cultivar transplanted on April 25 was characterized by a significant increase in A chains with DP > 12, and a decrease in long chains $DP{\geq}37$ compared to that transplanted on June 25. In contrast, the amylopectin structure of the chalky Dongan rice cultivar transplanted on April 25 exhibited further decrease in 13 < DP < 19 than that transplanted on June 25. In the Ungwang rice cultivar, the amylopectin structure of the translucent Ungwang rice cultivar transplanted on April 25 and June 25 was characterized by a significant decrease in the lengths of total amylopectin chains. Furthermore, the amylopectin structure of the chalky Ungwangbyeo rice cultivar transplanted on April 25 was characterized by a significant increase in 7 < DP < 30, while a significant decrease was observed in that transplanted on June 25. These results indicate that the amylopectin structure is altered by different transplanting dates depending on the characteristics of the rice cultivar.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.315-326
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• 1996

An experiment was carried out to determine effect of cultivar, drying agent concentration and preservative on the moisture content, temperature and quality changes of fall harvested oat(Avena sativa L.) hay during field curing and storage. The main plots consisted of the cultivar such as 'Foothill' and 'Swan', the subplots consisted of drying agent concentration such as 7Skg/ha(C1), lOSkglha(C2) and control(C0) and the sub-subplots consisted of preservative such as buffered acid(BA), lactic bacteria inoculant(LB) and control(C0). Moisture contents of 'Foothill' and 'Swan' oat cultivar at harvest were 635.5 and 385.4%DW(Dry weight), respectively, but the final moisture contents of the oat cultivars were 117 and 86%DW. The moisture content of cut oat was not affeded by drying agent concentration. Core temperature of baled 'Swan' oat hay was a little higher than that of 'Foothill' and no consistent preservative effect was found. Total nitrogen content of 'Swan' oat hay was 3.08% and that of 'Foothill' oat hay was 3.45%(P<0.05). Drying agent treatment increased total nitrogen content of 'Swan'(P <0.05), but preservative had no effect. Crude fiber content of oat cultivar was increased as the curing progressed(P<0.05) and the difference of crude fiber content of oat cultivar was maintained through the whole curing period. Effect of drying agent concentration on crude fiber content was not found after preservation. Crude fiber content of 'Swan' oat hay was higher than that of 'Foothill' by 1.O% in ADF and 3.1 % in NDF(P<0.05). No preservative effect was found in crude fiber content. According to RFV of oat cultivar at harvest, forage quality of 'Foothill' and 'Swan' was Prime and Grade 1, respectively, but that of both cultivm was above Grade 2 at the final curing day. RFV of the stored 'Foothill' and 'Swan' oat hay was 122 and 114(P<0.05), respectively, and the quality of oat hay was classified as Grade 1 and 2, respectively, according to the forage quality standard assigned by AFGC.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.160-163
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• 2011

A new rose cultivar was bred by crossing the red-yellow standard cultivar 'Konfetti' and pink standard cultivar 'Laser' at the Chungcheongbuk-do Agriculture Research and Extension Services. The cross was completed in 2003, after varietal characteristics was tested for 3 years from 2005 to 2007, 'Suryeo' was finally selected in 2007 and registered on the grant of plant variety rights in 2009. The cultivar was developed for a standard-type cut flower with white-pink petals. 'Suryeo' produced 149 stems/$m^2$ in a year and had 64 petals per flower. This new cultivar needed 48 days to flower and showed 12 days vase life. The length of cut stem was about 78 cm, and the fresh weight of stem was 50 g. This cultivar showed high resistance against powdery mildew.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.218-221
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• 2011

A mungbean cultivar 'Juhyeon' (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) was derived from the cross between Keumseong and VC1834-4-B-2-B-3B-B at Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research & Extension Services (JARES) in 2009. 'Juhyeon' has an erect growth habit, heart leaflet, green hypocotyl, black and straight pod when matured, and dull green seed surface. The pod number per plant was 26, which was 8 more than check cultivar 'Owool'. The plant height and thousand seed weight were 66 cm and 47 g, respectively. This cultivar has field resistance to mungbean mottle virus, cercospora leaf spot, powdery mildew, and lodging. The sprout yield was up to 18% more than that of the check cultivar. The average yield was 1.84 MT/ha, which was 6% more than the check cultivar.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.89 no.1
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• pp.105-115
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• 2000

This study was conducted to test a hypothesis that sensitivity of trees to ozone exposure was related to their growth rates. Two cultivars of Populus alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa with different genetic growth potential were used for the comparison. Two clones(72-30, 72-16) of cultivar No. 4 with fast growing potential and three clones(71-28, 72-27, 72-19) of cultivar No. 2 with slow growing potential were propagated in early spring by cutting in $2-{\ell}$ plastic pots. They were grown outdoor for 5 months and exposed in late August for 30 days to 70 and 130ppb ozone in a open-top chambers(2.5m in diameter and 2m in height). Ozone concentration in a control chamber was maintained below 30ppb by filtering with activated charcoal. Each treatment was replicated twenty times. In a control chamber, cultivar No. 4 grew 73%, 64%, and 38% faster than cultivar No. 2 in leaf weight, root weight, and total dry weight, respectively. Visible injury was observed only in cultivar No. 4 in 130ppb treatment. Ozone treatment at both 70 and 130ppb decreased height growth, dry weight of leaf, root, and entire plants in all five clones. Particularly root growth was reduced by 39.7% and 13.8% in cultivar No. 4 and No. 2, respectively, in 70ppb treatment. Consequently, shoot/root ratio of cultivar No.4 was increased by 63.4%, while that of cultivar No.2 was increased by 22.1%. Stomatal conductance decreased more in cultivar No.4 than in cultivar No.2. Net photosynthesis of cultivar No.4 at 130ppb ozone decreased by 69.5%, while that of cultivar No.2 decreased by 31.5%. Above mentioned physiological responses of two cultivars to ozone strongly suggested that fast growing cultivar No.4 was more sensitive to ozone than slow growing cultivar No.2. It was concluded that sensitivity of trees to ozone exposure was closely related to their growth rates.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.142-149
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• 2016

'Shinseong', a winter forage triticale cultivar (X Triticosecale Wittmack), was developed at the Department of Rice and Winter Cereal Crop, NICS, RDA in 2015. The cultivar 'Shinseong' was selected from the cross RONDO/2$^*$ERIZO_11//KISSA_4/3/ASNO/ARDI_3//ERIZO_7 by CIMMYT (Mexico) in 1998. Subsequent generations were handled in pedigree selection programs at Mexico from 1999 to 2004, and a line 'CTSS98Y00019S-0MXI-B-3-3-5' was selected for earliness and good agronomic characteristics. After preliminary and advance yield testing in Korea for 3 years, the line was designated 'Iksan47'. The line was subsequently evaluated for earliness and forage yield in seven locations, Jeju, Iksan, Cheongwon, Yesan, Gangjin, Daegu, and Jinju from 2013 to 2015 and was finally named 'Shinseong'. Cultivar 'Shinseong' has the characteristics of light green leaves, yellow culm and spike, and a medium grain of brown color. The heading date of cultivar 'Shinseong' was April 24 which was 3 days earlier than that of check cultivar 'Shinyoung'. The tolerance or resistance to lodging, wet injury, powdery mildew, and leaf rust of 'Shinseong' were similar to those of the check cultivar. The average forage dry matter yield of cultivar 'Shinseong' at milk-ripe stages was $15MT\;ha^{-1}$, which was 3% lower than that ($15.5MT\;ha^{-1}$) of the check cultivar 'Shinyoung'. The silage quality of 'Shinseong' (6.7%) was higher than that of the check cultivar 'Shinyoung' (5.9%) in crude protein content, while was similar to the check cultivar 'Shinyoung' in acid detergent fiber (34.6%), neutral detergent fiber (58.6%), and total digestible nutrients (61.6%). It showed grain yield of $7.2MT\;ha^{-1}$ which was 25% higher than that of the check cultivar 'Shinyoung' ($5.8MT\;ha^{-1}$). This cultivar is recommended for fall sowing forage crops in areas in which average daily minimum mean temperatures in January are higher than $-10^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.209-215
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• 2020

A winter forage tetraploid rye (Secale cereale L.) cultivar, 'Daegokgreen', was developed at the Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA in 2016. The mutant line 'CG11003-8-B', which was induced from rye cultivar 'Gogu' (diploid) by colchicine treatment, was selected for its excellent agronomic performance and was placed in preliminary yield trials for one year, 2013. The line was designated "Homil59" and was tested for regional yield trials at the four locations in Korea from 2014 to 2016. Finally, the new cultivar was named as the 'Daegokgreen' (grant number 8274). The leaf of cultivar 'Daegokgreen' is wide, long and dark-green color. The cultivar also has a big-size grain with light-brown color. The heading date of cultivar 'Daegokgreen' was April 17 which was 2 days later than that of check cultivar 'Gogu'. The tolerance to cold and wet injury, and resistance to powdery mildew and leaf rust of the new cultivar were similar to those of the check cultivar but the resistance to the lodging of the new cultivar was stronger than that of the check. The average roughage fresh and dry matter yield of the new cultivar after 10 days from heading were 37.0 and 7.7 MT ha-1, respectively, which were similar to those (38.4 and 8.0 MT ha-1) of the check cultivar. The roughage quality of 'Daegokgreen' was higher in crude protein content (8.9%) than that of the check cultivar (7.9%), while was similar to the check in total digestible nutrients (56.9%). This cultivar is recommended for fall sowing forage crops at all of crop cultivation areas in Korea.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.648-651
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• 2013

A new cultivar 'Daewang' strawberry was developed by the National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science for forcing culture in 2010. The cultivar 'Daewang' was originated from the cross between 'Maehyang', a high firmness cultivar and 'Wongyo 3111', a high sugar content in 2006. The cultivar shows erect plant type, vigorous growth habit, early flower bud differentiation with 12-15 flowers per cluster from planting on healthy nursery. Fruits of 'Daewang' are conical type having a bright red skin color, and 16-17 g in an average weight. 'Daewang' is suitable for forcing culture as time required for dormancy breaking ranged between 50 and 100 hours. This cultivar has excellent taste for high sugar/acid ratio as sugar content of $11.1^{\circ}Brix$, acidity of 0.39% with abundant texture and can be harvested by late spring because the fruit firmness of 'Daewang' was $18.2g{\cdot}mm^{-2}$ that was about $7.9g{\cdot}mm^{-2}$ higher than $10.3g{\cdot}mm^{-2}$ of 'Akihime' cultivar. But although total yield is not significantly different from 'Akihime' cultivar, its marketable yield is remarkably higher than that of 'Akihime' cultivar. Disease and pest resistance of 'Daewang' have a tendency to sensitive powdery mildew, anthracnose and spotted spider.