• 제목/요약/키워드: Cucumis sativus L

검색결과 136건 처리시간 0.023초

LIGHT-DEPENDENT CELLULAR LEAKAGE FROM CUCUMBER COTYLEDON DISCS TREATED WITH $\delta$-AMINOLEVULINIC ACID, OXYFLUORFEN, AND ROSE BENGAL

  • Lee, Hee-Jae;Cho, Kwang-Yun
    • Journal of Photoscience
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    • 제3권1호
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 1996
  • When cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cotyledon discs were floated on $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid, oxyfluorfen, or rose bengal solution under light condition following 20 h dark incubation, rapid electrolyte leakage from the tissues occurred. The electrolyte leakage from the tissues was dependent on the compounds treated, their concentrations, and the duration of light exposure to the tissues. Dark incubation before exposure to continuous white light enhanced electrolyte leakage from the tissues treated with the compounds and reduced lag period for the activity of the compounds. Electrolyte leakage from the treated tissues was greatly influenced by the light intensity to which they were exposed. Higher light intensities stimulated electrolyte leakage and reduced lag period. Porphyrin biosynthesis inhibitors, gabaculine and 4,6-dioxoheptanoic acid, completely inhibited electrolyte leakage from the oxyfluorfen-treated tissues. Protection against the activity of $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid from electrolyte leakage was complete with 4,6-dioxoheptanoic acid, but not with gabaculine. However, gabaculine and 4,6-dioxoheptanoic acid gave no such protection against rose bengal activity. In summary, our results indicate that $\delta$--aminolevulinic acid, oxyfluorfen, and rose bengal exert their effects by causing electrolyte leakage from the treated tissues in a similar manner, except that oxyfluorfen has an apparent lag period for its action on electrolyte leakage increase. All above compounds require preincubation of treated tissues in darkness and subsequent light exposure with a high intensity for their maximal activities. Our results also support that in the presence of light, $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid and oxyfluorfen cause cellular damage through the indirect generation of singlet oxygen from accumulated tetrapyrroles of porphyrin pathway, whereas rose bengal causes cellular damage through the direct generation of singlet oxygen.

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Assessment of Chilling Injury and Molecular Marker Analysis in Cucumber Cultivars (Cucumis sativus L.)

  • Ali, Asjad;Yang, Eun Mi;Bang, Sun Woong;Chung, Sang-Min;Staub, Jack E.
    • 원예과학기술지
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    • 제32권2호
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    • pp.227-234
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    • 2014
  • The responses to chilling temperature of 12 Korean cucumber varieties was compared to those of two U.S.A. (previously determined cold tolerant NC76 and 'Chipper'), and Chinese and Japanese germplasms. Seedlings of each entry were exposed to $4^{\circ}C$ (Experiment 1) and $1^{\circ}C$ (Experiments 2 and 3) at the first-true leaf stage for eight and nine hours, respectively, under 80% relative humidity (RH) and $149{\mu}moles{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ photosynthetic photon flux (PPF). The chilling response [damage rating (DR)] of each accession was based on visual ratings (1 to 5) after treatment, where 1 = no damage, 2 = slight, 3 = moderate, 4 = advanced, and 5 = severe damage. Predictably the cumulative average DR of chilling tolerant line NC76 and 'Chipper' after chilling w as 1 and 1.1, respectively. Korean 'Nacdongchungjang' was most sensitive to chilling temperatures [DR = 2.3] when compared to the other entries examined. The sensitivity to chilling of 'Nacdongchungjang' was followed by Chinese 'Dongguan' [DR = 1.7]. In contrast, 'Saeronchungjang' (DR = 1) and 'Janghyungnachap' (DR = 1) were the most chilling tolerant of the Korean accessions examined and equivalent to the response of line NC76 and 'Chipper'. Nevertheless, chloroplast type genotyping of these accessions with known chilling-linked sdCAPS genomic markers revealed genotypic differences between chilling tolerant lines (NC76 and 'Chipper') and all Korean lines examined.

Effects of Hexaconazole on Growth and Antioxidant Potential of Cucumber Seedlings under UV-B Radiation

  • Kim, Tae-Yun;Hong, Jung-Hee
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제21권12호
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    • pp.1435-1447
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    • 2012
  • The present study was conducted to determine the effect of hexaconazole (HEX), a triazole fungicide, on the growth, yield, photosynthetic response and antioxidant potential in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants subjected to UV-B stress. UV-B radiation and HEX were applied separately or in combination to cucumber seedlings. The growth parameters were significantly reduced under UV-B treatment, however, this growth inhibition was less in HEX treated plants. HEX caused noticeable changes in plant morphology such as reduced shoot length and leaf area, and increased leaf thickness. HEX was quite persistent in inhibiting shoot growth by causing a reduction in shoot fresh and dry weight. HEX noticeably recovered the UV-B induced inhibition of biomass production. Significant accumutation in anthocyanin and flavonoid pigments in the leaves occurred as a result of HEX or UV-B treatments. HEX permitted the survival of more green leaf tissue preventing chlorophyll content reduction and higher quantum yield for photosystemII under UV-B exposure. HEX treatment induced a transient rise in ABA levels in the leaves, and combined application of HEX and UV-B showed a significant enhancement of ABA content which activates $H_2O_2$ generation. UV-B exposure induced accumulation of $H_2O_2$ in the leaves, while HEX prevented UV-B induced increase in $H_2O_2$, indicating that HEX serves as an antioxidant agent able to scavenge $H_2O$ to protect cells from oxidative damage. An increase in the ascorbic acid was observed in the HEX treated cucumber leaves affecting many enzyme activities by removing $H_2O_2$ during photosynthetic processes. The activities of antioxidant enzymes including catalase(CAT), ascorbate peroxidase(APX), superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase(POD) in the leaves in the presence of HEX under UV-B stress were higher than those under UV-B stress alone. These findings suggest that HEX may participate in the enhanced tolerance to oxidative stress. From these results it can be concluded that HEX moderately ameliolate the effect of UV-B stress in cucumber by improving the components of antioxidant defense system.

자루재배에서 배지의 종류가 오이의 생육 및 수량에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Substrates on Growth and Yield of Hydroponically Grown Cucumber in Bag Culture)

  • 이응호;이재욱;권지선;남윤일;조일환;권영삼
    • 생물환경조절학회지
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    • 제5권1호
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    • pp.15-22
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    • 1996
  • 오이(샤프 1호)와 암면, 톱밥, 버미큘라이트+펄라이트+피트모스를 1:1:1(이하 체적비임), 펄라이트+피트모스 1:1, 펄라이트+훈탄 7:3, 왕겨와 10mesh 이하로 분쇄한 왕겨 7:3의 비율로 각각 혼합한 배지를 공시하여 배지의 물리성과 작물의 생육 및 수량을 조사하였다. 함수율은 10 mesh 이하로 분쇄한 왕겨에서 42.5%로써 타 배지에 비하여 높았고, 펄라이트와 훈탄을 7:3으로 혼합한 배지에서 31.8%로써 타 배지에 비하여 낮았다. 초장, 엽수, 생체중 및 건물중 등의 생육은 버미큘라이트+펄라이트+피트모스를 1:1:1로 혼합한 배지에서 왕성하였으며, 상품과율 및 수량도 생육과 같은 경향을 나타내었다. K를 제외한 식물 체내 모든 무기양분의 함량은 버미큘라이트+펄라이트+피트모스를 1:1:1로 혼합한 배지에서 높았으며, K의 함량은 펄라이트+훈탄 7:3에서 타 배지에 비하여 높았다.

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오이의 형질전환을 위반 선발마커로서 Glufosinate의 이용 (The Use of Glufosinate as a Selective Marker for the Transformation of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.))

  • 조미애;송윤미;박윤옥;고석민;민성란;유장렬;최필선
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • 제32권3호
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    • pp.161-165
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    • 2005
  • Agrobacterium과 자엽절편의 공동배양으로 박과작물인 오이의 형질전환체를 생산하였다. 오이 배양재료는 "은침"의 자엽절편을 사용하였으며, reporter유전자로서 gus유전자와 선발표지로서 bar 또는 nptII유전자로 각각 제작된 pPTN289와 pPTN290벡터를 GV3101, LBA4404, EHA101에 형질전환하여 공동배양하였다. 형질전환빈도는 Agrobacterium의 종류에 따라 현저한 차이가 있었으며, 특히 사용한 균주중 EHA101에서 0.35%로 가장 높았다. 선발배지에서 형성된 오이 식물체중 제초제 저항성 (12개체)과 paromomycin 저항성 (3개체)을 얻었고, 이들 모두 gus양성반응 나타냈다. Southern분석에 의하여 오이 형질전환체의 genome에 gus유전자가 도입되어 있음을 확인 하였다.

Three Different Viruses Isolated from Typical Weed Plants that Grown Adjacent to Common Crop Fields

  • Kwon, Sun-Jung;Choi, Hong-Soo;Han, Jung-Heon;La, Yong-Joon;Kim, Kook-Hyung
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제16권6호
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    • pp.297-305
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    • 2000
  • Weeds are widely grown in the field and are infected by many viruses. A survey was conducted to identify viruses infecting weeds in Korea. Virus-infected weed samples including Rorippa indica (L.) Hiern, R. islandica (Oed.) Bord, Crepidiastrum denticulatum (Houtt.) Pak & Kawanno, Achyranthes japonica (Miq.) Nakai, and Chrysanthemum boreale (Makino) Makino were collected in Kyonggi Province. These weeds were grown in the greenhouse and were isolated on 10 test plants. Several virus isolates were isolated fron infected tissues and were further studied by host range assay, serological test, electron microscopy (EM), reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and sequencing. Each isolated virus strain was mechanically transmitted to weeds and various hosts including Nicotiana spp., Brassica spp., Vigna unguiculata, Capsicum annuum, and Cucumis sativus and showed systemic mosaic, vein clearing, necrosis, mottle, malformation, chlorosis, and/or death of host plants in some cases. Each virus was then purified using infected leaves and observed by EM. From these results three viruses were isolated and identified as Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), Broad bean wilt virus (BBWV), and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). RT-PCR using virus-specific oligonucleotide primers and the cloning were conducted to determine the nucleotide sequences of coat proteins of the three viruses their amino acid sequence were deduced. The amino acid sequence homologies were about 92.7 to 99.7%, 96.2 to 97.7%, and 93.9 to 98.6% to other reported TuMV, BBWV, and CMV strains, respectively. These results suggest that many weeds may serve as primary inoculum source of diseases caused by TuMV, BBWV, CMV and that the management of these viral diseases can be achieved through weed control.

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시설하우스에서 저농도 돈분 액비의 연용이 토양 및 토마토와 오이의 수량에 미치는 영향 (Influence of Continuous Application of Low-concentration Swine Slurry on Soil Properties and Yield of Tomato and Cucumber in a Greenhouse)

  • 서영호;안문섭;강안석;정영상
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제44권5호
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    • pp.773-778
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    • 2011
  • Long-term continuous application of livestock by-products to agricultural land may adversely affect the soil characteristics and the crop yield. Five year term study from 2007 was carried out to assess the effects of repeated application of low-concentration swine slurry on soil chemical properties including phosphate and heavy metal contents and yield of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in a greenhouse. Treatments were conventional chemical fertilizers and three application rates of low-concentration swine slurry (Slurry composting and biofiltration, SCB): 50%, 100%, and 200% of recommended nitrogen fertilization. For swine slurry treatment of 50% nitrogen, deficient nitrogen was supplemented with urea fertilizer. The soil phosphorus and heavy metal contents after five year continuous application of swine slurry were not significantly higher than those of chemical fertilizer use. Repeated application of the swine slurry alone for five years resulted in relatively high soil exchangeable potassium and sodium compared with chemical fertilizer treatment. Contents of heavy metals in leaves of tomato and cucumber did not show significant difference among treatments. Yields of the crops for the swine slurry were not significantly different from that of chemical fertilizer. The results imply that continuous application of the swine slurry may not influence levels of soil phosphate and trace elements in greenhouse soils but could accumulate potassium and sodium in the soil.

순환식 수경재배시 배양액조성에 따른 배양액 양분농도 변화 및 오이 생육 (Changes in Nutrient Element Concentrations and Growth of Cucumber Plants (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Joeun Baegdadagi) as Affected by Nutrient Solution Composition in Recirculating Hydroponic Systems)

  • 노미영;최경이;이한철;서태철;김완순;이용범
    • 생물환경조절학회지
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    • 제18권4호
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    • pp.363-369
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    • 2009
  • 본 시험은 순환식 수경재배시 배양액조성이 배양액 내 다량원소 농도의 변화 및 오이 생육에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 수행되었다. 네 가지 배양액조성, 즉 일본 원시 배양액, 야마자키 오이 배양액, PBG 오이 순환식 배양액 및 원예원 오이 순환식 배양액이 급액되는 순환식 펄라이트 수경재배시스템에서 오이('조은백다다기' 품종)를 재배하였다. 네 가지 배양액조성 처리구 모두에서 순환배양액내 $NO_{3^-}N$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$$SO_{4^-}S$의 농도는 정식후일수가 진전됨에 따라 증가되었고 $NH_{4^-}N$의 농도는 점차적으로 감소되었다. 순환배양액내 $PO_{4^-}P$$K^+$의 농도는 과실수확 개시기부터 과실수확 최성기까지 계속적으로 감소되었다. 순환배양액내 $NO_{3^-}N$, $NH_{4^-}N$$Ca^{2+}$의 농도는 배양액조성 간에 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 그러나, 야마자키 배양액을 이용한 오이 순환식 수경재배 시에 다른 세 가지 배양액조성에 비하여 $PO_{4^-}P$K^+$의 농도는 가장 낮아지고 $Mg^{2+}$$SO_4^{2-}$의 농도는 가장 높아지는 결과를 나타내었다. 엽수를 제외한 작물 생육은 배양액조성 간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그러나, 오이의 과수와 과실수량은 야마자키 배양액조성 처리에서 가장 적었는데, 그것은 순환배양액내 $PO_{4^-}P$$K^+$의 농도가 낮게 유지되었기 때문이다.

토양(土壤) 수분(水分)포텐셜이 오이(Cucumis sativus L.)생육(生育)과 토양(土壤) 이화학적(理化學的 ) 특성(特性)에 미치는 영향(影響) (Effect of Soil Water Potential on Pysico-Chemical Properties of Soil and Cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.) Growth)

  • 범인숙;김용웅;김광식;김길용;손보균;김현우
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제32권2호
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    • pp.171-181
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    • 1999
  • 오이를 시설(施設) 재배(栽培)할 때 토양(土壤) 수분(水分) 장력(張力)의 변화(變化)에 따른 오이 생육(生育) 반응(反應)과 토양(土壤) 이화학적(理化學的) 성질(性質)을 구명하기 위하여 토양(土壤) 수분장력(水分張力)이 0.2, 1/3, 0.5그리고 1.0 bar일 때를 관수시점(灌水時點)으로 하여 겨우살이 청장오이를 공시품종(供試品種)으로 하여 오이를 재배(栽培)하면서 일련의 시험을 수행한 바 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 공시토양(供試土壤)의 토성(土性)은 수분(水分) 특성상 양토(壤土)(Loam)이며, 처리조건별 1회 요관수량(要灌水量)은 각각 4.4, 7.3, 9.6 그리고 13.4 mm였다. 물 관리(管理) 수지(收支)는 봄재배(栽培)의 경우 0.2 bar의 관수처리(灌水處理)시 관수간격(灌水間隔)은 2.3일, 관수(灌水)회수는 37회, 총관수량은 163.5 mm였고 1.0 bar는 각각 14.8일, 6회 그리고 80.3 mm였으며, 가을재배(栽培)의 경우에도 이와 같은 경향이었다. 시험 후 토양(土壤) 화학적(化學的)의 변화(變化)는 0.2 bar 처리구에서의 pH와 EC 그리고 치환성가리(加里)의 함량이 개량목표치(改良目標値)에 분포(分布)한 반면, 나머지 처리구에서는 양토(壤土)에 EC가 높았으며 유효인산함량(有效燐酸含量)과 치환성 염기함량(鹽基含量)도 높은 경향이었다. 토양(土壤)의 물리성은 1.0 bar처리시 고상(固相)은 44.9%, 용적밀도(容積密度가) $1.26g\;cm^{-3}$로 가장 높았으며, 0.2 bar처리시에는 고상(固相)이 41.7%, 용적밀도(容積密度)가 $1.09cm^{-3}$로 가장 낮았다. 근(根)의 분포(分布)는 0.2 bar처리구가 근(根) 신장생육(伸張生育)과 비대생육(肥大生育)이 가장 양호한 반면, 1/3 bar처리구에서는 가장 불량하였다. 수량(收量)을 보면 0.2 bar 처리구에서의 총수량(總收量)은 7.269 kg, 상품(上品) 과중(果重)은 5,677 kg으로 가장 높았고, 1/3 bar 처리구는 수량(收量)도 가장 낮았고 곡과율(曲果率)도 높았다.

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Effect of Slurry Composting Bio-filtration (SCB) by Subsurface Drip Fertigation on Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Yield and Soil Nitrogen Distribution in Greenhouse

  • Lim, Tae-Jun;Park, Jin-Myeon;Noh, Jae-Seung;Lee, Seong-Eun;Kim, Ki-In
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제46권4호
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    • pp.253-259
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    • 2013
  • 지중관비를 이용한 시설오이 재배에서 돈분 액비의 공급이 오이의 생육, 수량 및 토양 중 질소 분포에 미치는 영향을 평가하고자 오이 반촉성 및 억제작형에 걸쳐서 수행하였다. 초장과 마디수 등 오이의 생육은 정식 후 50일에서는 처리간의 차이는 보이지 않았지만 정식 후 85일에서는 무시비의 초장 및 마디수가 각각 388.8 cm와 40.1 ea $plant^{-1}$를 보여 생육량의 차이를 나타내었다. 오이의 수량에서도 무시비를 제외하고 액비 1.0N 및 액비 0.5N + 요소 0.5N처리와 요소 1.0N간에는 통계적으로 차이가 없이 동일하였다. 오이 재배기간에 토양 중 질산태질소의 분포는 관비의 영향으로 지중 15~30 cm 깊이에서 무시비구를 제외하고 질산태 질소의 농도가 가장 높았으며 오이 재배가 끝난 작기 후에는 0~15 cm 깊이에서 가장 높은 질소 양분량을 나타내었다. 액비 1.0N과 액비 0.5N + 요소 0.5N의 질소이용효율은 촉성작형에서 0.34와 0.37를 억제작형에서는 0.29와 0.26를 각각 보여 요소 1.0N의 0.32와 0.21과 비교하여 약간 높은 값을 나타내었다. 액비 1.0N과 액비 0.5N + 요소 0.5N는 요소 1.0N과 동일한 수량을 만족하지만 2기작에 걸친 액비 1.0N 처리는 칼륨이 176 kg $ha^{-1}$이 추가적으로 토양에 공급되므로 장기간에 걸친 액비의 시용 시에는 칼륨이 과잉으로 집적될 수 있다. 따라서 지중관비를 이용한 시설오이 재배에서 질소 추천량에 대해서 반량은 액비로 공급하고 나머지 반량에 있어서는 화학비료로 시비하는 방법이 추천된다.