• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.1887-1892
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• 2021

The effect of gadolinium and boron on the texture development and magnetic properties of the texture controlled 23Cr-10NiCu duplex stainless steels were studied to develop a high performance neutron and electromagnetic shielding material. The 23Cr-10NiCu base alloy is composed of 60% of austenite and 40% of ferrite, whereas, the 23Cr-10NiCu-0.5Gd-0.8B modified alloy is composed of 66% of austenite, 27% of ferrite and 7% of CrFeB intermetallic compounds. The gadolinium and boron addition to the 23Cr-10NiCu base alloy increased mechanical properties. Microstructure observation showed that the small addition of 0.5 wt% gadolinium and 0.8 wt% boron to the alloy retarded to form texture at the same hot rolling conditions, and improved the maximum magnetism, residual magnetism and coercive force about 3%, 122% and 120%, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.180-185
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• 2004

The electromagnetic properties and microstructures of the basic composition of (Ni$\sub$0.2/Cu$\sub$0.1/Zn$\sub$0.2/)$\sub$0.5/ (Fe$_2$O$_3$)$\sub$0.5/ were invested by changing of SO$_4$, Cl and NO$_3$ series. We were prepared by coprecipitation method and sintered at temperatures 950$^{\circ}C$, 1150$^{\circ}C$, l350$^{\circ}C$, respectively. When sintering at temperature 950$^{\circ}C$, Cl and NO$_3$ series became perfection sintering. On the other hand, SO$_4$ series showed perfection sintering at temperature 1150$^{\circ}C$. According to particle size analysis result, higher magnetic permeability and magnetization value were observed by Cl series than SO$_4$ or NO$_3$ series.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.29-39
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• 2002

The initial NiCuZn synthetic ferrite were acquired from thermally decomposing the metal nitrates $Fe(NO_3)_39H_2O, Zn(NO_3)_26H_2O, Ni(NO_3)_26H_2O, and Cu(NO_3)_23H_2O$ at $150^circ{C}$ for 24 hours, and then we calcined the synthetic powder at $500^circ{C}$, pulverized each of those for 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 hours in a steel ball mill, sintered each at $700^circ{C}$ to $1,000^circ{C}$ for 1 hour, and thus studied their microstructures and electromagnetic properties. We could make the initial specimens chemically bonded in liquidity at a low-temperature $150^circ{C}$, by using the low melting points less than $200^circ{C}$ of the metal nitrates instead of the mechanical ball-mill pulverization, then narrow a distance between the particles into a molecular one, and thus lower the reaction point of sintering by at least $200^circ{C}$ to $300^circ{C}$. Their initial permeability was 50 to 400 and their maximum magnetic induction density and coercive force, 2,400 G and 0.3 Oe to 0.5 Oe respectively, which was similar to those of NiZnCu ferrite synthesized in the conventional process. In the graph of initial permeability by frequencies, a $180^circ{C}$ rotation of the magnetic domains which appears in a broad band of micro-wave before and after the resonance frequency, could be perceived.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.531-536
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• 2003

The electromagnetic properties and microstructures of the ferrites based on ($Ni_{0.2}$ $Cu_{0.2}$ $Zn_{0.6}$)$_{1.085}$($Fe_2$$O_3$)$_{0.915}$ were investigated by changing the amount of additive SnO$_2$and CaO and the sintering temperatures. Addition of $SnO_2$caused pores in the specimen. There was no variation of grain size by changing the amount of additives. Total loss was reduced when ($Ni_{0.2} $Cu_{0.2}$ $Zn_{ 0.6}$)$_{1.085}$ ($Fe_2$$O_3$)$_{0.915}$ composition was sintered at $1150^{\circ}C$ rather than $1300^{\circ}C$. Addition of CaO was useful to reduce the total loss because it increased the sintering density. The lowest total loss was obtained when 0.06 wt% $SnO_2$and 0.4 wt% CaO were added at the same time.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.365-368
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• 2003

Small amounts of additives such as mol % 0.13 NiO and mol % 0.01 $CaCO_3$were added to Cu-Zn-Mg ferrites. Basic composition of the Cu-Zn-Mg ferrites was $Cu_{Cu}$X/$Fe_{0.054}$ /$Zn_{0.486}$$Mg_{0.407}$ $Fe_{1.946}$ $O_4$(group A) and $Cu_{0.263}$$Fe_{0.027}$ $Zn_{0.503}$ $Mg_{0.262}$ $Fe_{1.973}$ $O_4$(group B). Specimens were sintered at different temperatures (1010, 1030, $1050^{\circ}C$) for 2 hours in air followed by an air cooling. Then, effects of various composition and sintering temperatures on the microstructure and the magnetic properties such as inductions, coercive forces, and initial permeabilities of the Cu-Zn-Mg ferrites were investigated. The average grain size increased with the increase of sintering temperature. The magnetic properties obtained from the aforementioned Cu-Zn-Mg ferrite specimens were 1,724 gauss for the maximum induction, 1.0 oersted for the coercive force, and 802 for the initial permeability. These magnetic properties indicated that the specimens could be utilized as the core of IFT (intermediate frequency transformer) and antenna in the amplitude modulation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.109-114
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• 2000

In this paper, we studied the relation between heat-treatment temperature of ferrite and electromagnetic wave absorbing properties of ferrite-rubber composite. The heat-treatment temperatures of ferrite are 1200 and 1300 $^{\circ}C$, 2 hr. As s result, it has been shown that the optimum heat-treatment temperature of ferrite for electromagnetic wave absorber are related to the chemical composition. And, we can control electromagnetic wave absorbing properties of ferrite-rubber composite by the control of heat-treatment temperature of ferrite.

• Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
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• v.66 no.4
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• pp.1007-1011
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• 2021

The microstructure and mechanical properties of hot-rolled Fe-9Mn-0.2C medium-manganese steels with different Al, Cu, and Ni contents were investigated in this study. Based on the SEM, XRD, and EBSD analysis results, the microstructure was composed of martensite, band-type delta ferrite, and retained austenite phases depending on the Al, Cu, and Ni additions. The tensile and Charpy impact test results showed that the sole addition of Al reduced significantly impact toughness by the presence of delta-ferrite and the decrease of austenite stability although it increased yield strength. However, the combined addition of Al and Cu or Ni provided the best combination of high yield strength and good impact toughness because of solid solution strengthening and increased austenite stability.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.13-18
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• 2003

The initial NiCuZn synthetic ferrite were acquired from thermally decomposing the metal nitrates Fe($NO_3$)$_3$ㆍ$9H_2$O, Zn($NO_3$)$_2$ㆍ$6H_2$O, Ni($NO_3$3)$_2$ㆍ $6H_2$O and Cu(NO$_3$)$_2$ㆍ $3H_2$O at 1$50^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours and was calcined at $500^{\circ}C$. Each of those was pulverized for 3 and 9 hours in a steel ball mill and was sintered between $700^{\circ}C$ and $1,000^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour, and then their microstructures and magnetic properties were examined. We could make the initial specimens chemically bonded in liquid at the temperature as low as $150 ^{\circ}C$, by using the melting points less than $ 200^{\circ}C$ of the metal nitrates instead of the mechanical ball milling, then narrowed a distance between the particles into a molecular level, and thus lowed sintering temperature by at least $200 ^{\circ}C$ to $300^{\circ}C$ Their initial permeability was 50 to 490 and their saturation magnetic induction density and coercive force 2,400G and 0.3 Oe to 1.2 Oe each, which were similar to those of NiCuZn ferrite synthesized in the conventional process.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.70-75
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of V₂O/sub 5/ addition on physical and magnetic properties of NiCuZn ferrite for multi-layer chip inductors. NiCuZn ferrite pastes doped with 0, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 wt% V₂O/sub 5/ were prepared and samples of ferrite sheets were prepared by the screen printing method. They were sintered at 870, 880, 890 and 900℃, and then their physical and magnetic properties were analyzed. After sintering at 870℃, the sintered density of the ferrite sheet doped with 0.5wt% V₂O/sub 5/ showed the highest value to 5.08g/cm³due to the best densification by the liquid phase sintering, while the microstructures of ferrite sheets doped with 0.1 and 0.3 wt% V₂O/sub 5/ showed and inhibited grain growth. Irrespective of the sintering temperature, the initial permeability of ferrite sheet doped with 0.5 wt% V₂O/sub 5/ was highest and after sintering beyond 880℃, the quality factor of 0.3 wt% V₂O/sub 5/-doped sample appeared to be highest.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.62-66
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• 1998

We have studied on the magnetic properties of the specimen with additives Bi$_2$O$_3$and$V_2O_5$ that sintered at 900 $^{\circ}C$ for 4 hours for sybthesizing optimal Ni-Zn-Cu ferrite. Curie temperature rises from 240 $^{\circ}C$ to 270 $^{\circ}C$ as Ni contents increase. Magentic maximum induction$(B_m)$ increases from 2650 G to 3300 G, 3500 G in the specimens with $V_2O_5$ and Bi$_2$O$_3$resectively. On the contrary coercive force $(H_c)$ lowers to 2.05 Oe~1.05 Oe. Permeability all increase in the specimen with additives. In the specimen with additive Bi$_2$O$_3$, we have obtained the low relative loss factor of $6.3{\times}10^{-5}~7.84{\times}10^{-5}$ in the range of 1MHz due to increase of resistivity in grain boundary. In the specimen with additive $V_2O_5$ in spite of increase permeability relative loss factor increase of due to decrease of Q-value.