• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.29-33
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• 2003

Tri-crystalline silicon wafers have three different orientations and three-grain boundaries. In this paper, tri-crystalline silicon (tri-Si) wafers have been used for the fabrication of buried contact solar cells. The optical and micro-structural properties of these cells after texturing in KOH solution have been investigated and compared with those of cast mult- crystalline silicon (multi-Si) wafers. We employed a cost effective fabrication process and achieved buried contact solar cell (BCSC) energy conversion efficiencies up to $15\%$ whereas the cast multi-Si wafer has efficiency around $14\%$.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.419-419
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• 2016

High efficiency silicon solar cell requires the textured front surface to reduce reflectance and to improve the light trapping. In case of mono-crystalline silicon solar cell, wet etching with alkaline solution is widespread. However, the alkali texturing methods are ineffective in case of multi-crystalline silicon wafer due to grain boundary of random crystallographic orientation. The acid texturing method is generally used in multi-crystalline silicon wafer to reduce the surface reflectance. However the acid textured solar cell gives low short-circuit current due to high reflectivity while it improves the open-circuit voltage. To reduce the reflectivity of multi-crystalline silicon wafer, double texturing method with combination of acid and reactive ion etching is an attractive technical solution. In this paper, we have studied to optimize RIE experimental condition with change of RF power (100W, 150W, 200W, 250W, 300W). During experiment, the gas ratio of SF6 and O2 was fixed as 30:10.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.94-101
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• 2018

Light elevated temperature induced degradation (LeTID) was noted as an issue in multi-crystalline silicon solar cells (MSSC) by Ram speck in 2012. In contrast to light induced degradation (LID), which has been researched in silicon solar cells for a long time, research about both LeTID and the mechanism of LeTID has been limited. In addition, research about LeTID in single-crystalline silicon solar cells (SSSC) is even more limited. In order to improve understanding of LeTID in SSSC with a passivated emitter rear contact (PERC) structure, we fabricated four group samples with boron and oxygen factors and evaluated the solar cell characteristics, such as the cell efficiency, $V_{oc}$, $I_{sc}$, fill factor (FF), LID, and LeTID. The trends of LID of the four group samples were similar to the trend of LeTID as a function of boron and oxygen.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제45회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.299.2-299.2
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• 2013

We investigated the potassium remaining on a crystalline silicon solar cell after potassium hydroxide (KOH) etching and its effect on the lifetime of the solar cell. KOH etching is generally used to remove the saw damage caused by cutting a Si ingot; it can also be used to etch the rear side of a textured crystalline silicon solar cell before atomic layer-deposited Al2O3 growth. However, the potassium remaining after KOH etching is known to be detrimental to the efficiency of Si solar cells. In this study, we etched a crystalline silicon solar cell in three ways in order to determine the effect of the potassium remnant on the efficiency of Si solar cells. After KOH etching, KOH and tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) were used to etch the rear side of a crystalline silicon solar cell. To passivate the rear side, an Al2O3 layer was deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD). After ALD Al2O3 growth on the KOH-etched Si surface, we measured the lifetime of the solar cell by quasi steady-state photoconductance (QSSPC, Sinton WCT-120) to analyze how effectively the Al2O3 layer passivated the interface of the Al2O3 layer and the Si surface. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) was also used to measure how much potassium remained on the surface of the Si wafer and at the interface of the Al2O3 layer and the Si surface after KOH etching and wet cleaning.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.4 No.1
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• pp.176-180
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• 2003

Tri-crystalline silicon (Tri-Si) wafers have three different orientations and three grain boundaries. In this paper, tri-Si wafers have been used for the fabrication of buried contact solar cells. The optical and micro-structural properties of these cells after texturing in KOH solution have been investigated and compared with those of cast multi-crystalline silicon (multi-Si) wafers. We employed a cost effective fabrication process and achieved buried contact solar cell (BCSC) energy conversion efficiencies up to 15% whereas the cast multi-Si wafer has efficiency around 14%.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2002년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.3 No.2
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• pp.1054-1056
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• 2002

High temperature Kermal diffusion from $POCl_3$ source usually used for conventional process through put of a cell manufacturing line and potentially reduce cell efficiency through bulk like time degradation. To fabricate high efficiency solar cells with minimal thermal processing, spin-on-doping(SOD) technique can be employed to emitter diffusion of a silicon solar cell. A technique is presented to emitter doping of a mono-crystalline solar cell using spin-on doping (SOD). Moreover it is shown that the sheet resistance variation with RTA temperature and time fer mono-crystalline and multi-crystalline silicon samples. This novel SOD technique was successfully used to produces 11.3% efficiency l04mm by 104mm size mono-crystalline silicon solar cells.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2009년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.367-370
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• 2009

It is important to reduce a reflection of light as a solar cell is device that directly converts the energy of solar radiation to electrical energy in oder to improve efficiency of solar cells. The antireflection coating has proven effective in providing substantial increase in solar cell efficiency. This paper investigates the formation of thin film PSi(porous silicon) layer on the surface of crystalline silicon substrates without other ARC(antirefiection coating) layers. On the other hand the formation of $SO_{2}/SiN_x$ ARC layers on the surface of crystalline silicon substrates. After that, the structure of PSi and $SO_2/SiN_x$ ARC was investigated by SEM and reflectance. The formation of PSi layer and $SO_{2}/SiN_x$ ARC layers on the textured silicon wafer result about 5% in the wavelength region from 0.4 to $1.0{\mu}m$. It is achieved on the textured crystalline silicon solar cell that each efficiency is 14.43%, 16.01%.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.434-435
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• 2009

The crystalline silicon solar cell where the solar cell market grows rapidly is occupying of about 85% or more. high-efficiency and low cost endeavors many crystalline silicon solar cells. the fabrication processes of high-efficiency crystalline silicon solar cells necessitate complicated fabrication processes and Ti/Pd/Ag contact, however, this contact formation processed by expensive materials. Ni/Cu contact formation is good alternative. in this paper, according to temperature Ni silicide makes, produced Ni/Cu contact solar cell and measured conversion efficiency.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2011년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.116-120
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• 2011

In this paper, we studied the optimization of the screen pringting method for crystalline silicon solar cell fabrication. The 156 * 156 mm2 p-type silicon wafers with $200{\mu}m$ thickness and $0.5-3{\Omega}cm$ resistivity were used after texturing, doping, and passivation. Screen printing method is a common way to make the c-Si solar cell with low-cost and high-efficiency. We studied the optimized condition for screen printing with crystalline silicon solar cell as changing the printing direction (finger line or bus bar), finger width, and mesh angle. As a result, the screen printing with finger line direction showed higher finger height and better conversion efficiency, compared with one with bus bar direction. The experiments with various finger widths and mesh angles were also carried out. The characteristics of solar cells was obtained by measuring light current-voltage, optical microscope and electroluminescence.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.649-653
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• 2010

In this paper, double texturization of multi crystalline silicon solar cells was studied with laser and reactive ion etching (RIE). In the case of multi crystalline silicon wafers, chemical etching has problems in producing a uniform surface texture. Thus various etching methods such as laser and dry texturization have been studied for multi crystalline silicon wafers. In this study, laser texturization with an Nd:$YVO_4$ green laser was performed first to get the proper hole spacing and $300{\mu}m$ was found to be the most proper value. Laser texturization on crystalline silicon wafers was followed by damage removal in acid solution and RIE to achieve double texturization. This study showed that double texturization on multi crystalline silicon wafers with laser firing and RIE resulted in lower reflectance, higher quantum yield and better efficiency than that process without RIE. However, RIE formed sharp structures on the silicon wafer surfaces, which resulted in 0.8% decrease of fill factor at solar cell characterization. While chemical etching makes it difficult to obtain a uniform surface texture for multi crystalline silicon solar cells, the process of double texturization with laser and RIE yields a uniform surface structure, diminished reflectance, and improved efficiency. This finding lays the foundation for the study of low-cost, high efficiency multi crystalline silicon solar cells.