• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 2006

This study was conducted to investigate the crossability, seed dormancy and overwintering ability of rice plant in GM (glufosinate ammonium-resistant lines. Iksan 483 and Milyang 204) and non-GM (their parents) or red rice (Andongaengmi). Seed-setting rate was not significantly different between GM and non-GM rice varieties. Iksan 483 and Milyang 204 showed the similar level of seed germination rate from 30 to 50 days after heading as compared to non-GM rice varieties. After overwintering in paddy field, seed germination rate of GM and non-GM rice varieties ranged from 14.3 % to 57.6 % in dry soil condition, but there was no germination in wet-soil except red rice. The result in wet-soil condition may help to set up a strategy for reducing the risk of gene flow of transgene via dispersal of seeds of GM plants. The crossability, seed dormancy and seed overwintering of Iksan 483 and Milyang 204, herbicide resistant GM rice varieties, were not significantly different compared to non-GM rice varieties. The results might be helpful to reduce the risk of transgene dispersal from GM crop via seeds and pollens.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.435-438
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• 1998

In the present study, we have examined the crossability of four species in the A. jaluense complex to provide additional information on their delimitation and levels of differentiation. Crosses between diploid A. chiisanense and the tetraploid species including A. jaluense s. str., A. triphyllum, and A. pseudoproliferum yielded no fruit- or seed-set, indicating that the former species is reproductively completely isolated from the latter three species. In interspecific crosses between the tetraploid species, combinations involving A. jaluense s. str. resulted in much reduced fruit- and seed-set, indicating that A. jaluense s. str. is more or less reproductively isolated from the other tetraploid species. However, crossing data revealed the absence of reproductive isolation between A. triphyllum and A. pseudoproliferum These results strongly support the relationships that have been previously suggested for the A. jaluense complex on the basis of morphology, chromosome number, and flavonoid chemistry.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.226-235
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• 1991

This experiment was carried out to obtain the information on the crossability, germination rate, and pollen viability of the progeny from the cross between hexaploid triticale cv. Sinkihomil and five hexaploid wheat varieties. The results are summarized as follows. Seed set was 28.8 to 41.8% (ave-raged 34.1%) in the cross between triticale and wheat, which resulted in 3.61% in F$_2$(selfed F$_1$), 3.99% in F$_1$/P$_1$ 21. 9% in F$_1$/P$_2$ respectively. However, seed set was extremely low in reciprocal crosses when triticale was used as male. In the backcross, crossability was higher in F$_1$/wheat and triticale/F$_1$ than that in wheat/F$_1$ and F$_1$/triticale, respectively. Germination rate of the crossed seed was 95% in F$_1$ 66.3% in F$_2$ (selfed F$_1$), 62.0% in F$_1$/P$_1$ and 81.0% in F$_1$/P$_2$ from the cross between triticale and wheat, respectively. When triticale cv. Sinkihomil was used as male, seeds were degenerated because of the failure of endorsperm development. This might be caused by AAABBBDDR genome constitution in the cytoplasm from a hexaploid wheat. Pollen fertility of F, plant was averaged 34.1% in the cross between triticale and wheat. Significant positive correlation between the pollen fertility and seed set rate in the cross between triticale and wheat were detected.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1990.10a
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• pp.36-37
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• 1990

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1990.10a
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• pp.34-35
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• 1990

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.174-175
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• 1999

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.88-92
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• 2001

The crossabilities among 3 wild mulberry species and 3 cultivars growing in the Korean Peninsula had been studied. The result of the crossabilities of Moms tiliaefolia with Moms bombycis and 3 cultivars were possible, but with Morus mongolica was impossible. Those of Moms mongolica with Moms bombycis, Morus tiliaefolia and 2 cultivars except Daeryukppong were possible too. And those of Morus bombycis with Moms titiaefolia, Moms mongolica were impossible, but with 3 cultivars were possible moderately.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.485-495
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• 1991

This experiment was carried out to obtain the information on the crossability, variation of chromosome number in pollen mother cell (PMC) and somatic cell of the progeny from the cross between hexaploid triticale cv. Sinkihomil and two diploid rye varieties. Seed set was 39.3 to 41.6% (averaged 40.5%) in the cross between triticale (P$_1$) and rye(P$_2$), which resulted in 0.33% in F$_2$(selfed F$_1$), 2.69% in F$_1$/P$_1$ 5.47% in F$_1$/P$_2$ respectively. However, seed set was extremely low in both reciprocal crosses when triticale was used as male. Germination rate of the crossed seed was 94.0% in F$_1$ 40.8% in F$_2$(selfed F$_1$), 59.5% in F$_1$/P$_1$ and 65.9% in F$_1$/P$_2$ from the cross between triticale and rye, respectively. Pollen fertility of F$_1$ plant was averaged 18.7% in the cross between triticale and rye. Number of Uni-, Bi-, and Trivalent in PMC was 12. 6, 6.94, and 0.53, respectively, in the F$_1$ between the triticale and rye. There were 28 chromosomes in F$_1$, 21 to 34 in F$_2$, 34 to 38 in F$_1$/P$_1$ and 19 to 23 in F$_1$/P$_2$ from the cross between the triticale and rye, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.69 no.1
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• pp.51-55
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• 1985

Pinus thunbergii ${\times}$ P. massoniana $F_1$ hybrids were made by pollinating 15 years old Japanese black pine (P. thunbergii) with Masson pine (P. massoniana) pollen, air-shipped from Taiwan. The crossability between two species were observed. Seedling height, morphological characteristics, and the composition of phenolic compounds of these hybrids and the open-pollinated progenies of P. thunbergii were investigated. The results of the observation were as follows; 1) Number of the hybrid seeds per cone was 2.3, while open-pollinated Japanese black pine produced 26 seeds per cone. 2) All hybrid seedlings outgrew P. thunbergii, averaging 151% of mean height of Japanese black pine seedlings. The growth of hybrids was much variable, ranging from 120% to 208% of mean height of the open-pollinated progenies of P. thunbergii. 3) With regard to needle characteristics, the hybrid needles were longer and softer than those of P. thunbergii. The color of hybrid needles showed yellowish green. The positions of resin ducts in P. thunbergii observed medial, while those of hybrids showed medial and external. 4) No large difference in phenolic compound composition between hybrid and P. thunbergii was found, but phenolic compound of unknown 4 and 6 were observed only in hybrid. Further intensive work is recommended in this area.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.62-67
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• 1989

A breeding program in progress at Suweon Livestock Experiment Station, RDA, involves the hybridization of italian ryegrass (Lm) and several leading forage grasses in an effort to combine the nutritive, productivity and palatability qualities of Lm with the adaptive and cold resistance qual; .les of several leading grasses. In order to study the fate of the hybridization between remotely related species, immatured hybrid embryos were cultured on media. The emasculated plants of Lm were Sikem and Tetrone. Reweille, 2n=14, of perennial ryegrass (Lp.), Forager, 2n=42, of tall fescue(Fa), First, 2n=14,of meadow fescue(Fp), Potomac, 2n=28, of orchardgrass(Dg), and Richmond, 2n=42, of timothy(Ph.p) were used as pollinators. Embryos were isolated on 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 days after pollination and cultured them on modified Murashige and Skoog media. Calluses and plantlets have been obtained after 8 days old embryos crossing between $Lm{\times}Fa$, after 12 days embryos crossing between $Lm{\times}Lp$, Dg, and Ph.p, and after 16 days embryos crossing between $Lm{\times}Fp$. Both callus and shoot formation occurred on 6 % or less of the plated embryos of $Lm{\times}Fp$, Dg, and Ph.p. Embryoderived callus forming shoots have been obtained from 4 days old embryo crossing between $Lm{\times}Dg$ which has not successfully been done anywhere as far as we know. It means that hybrid plants of species without crossability can be obtained through the use of immatured embryo culture. Some of plated embryos developed directly shoots from embryos and the others shoot-forming callus. Cross between related species showed a high frequency of directly shoot formation from plated embryos and cross between remotely related species a high frequency of callus formation.