• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.35-39
• /
• 2012

$YAlO_3:Tb{_x}^{3+}$ has been synthesized by a combustion process and the concentration x of Tb was varied from 0.001 and 0.05 mol% per mole of $YAlO_3$. The emission optical properties on the $YAlO_3:Tb{_x}^{3+}$ have been investigated by time-resolved photoluminescence spectra and decay curves of center wavelength. The emission color changes from blue to green with increasing the $Tb^{3+}$ concentration from x= 0.001 to 0.05 mole fraction in $YAlO_3$ host. This emission color change can be explained in terms of cross-relaxation processes. Decay curves of emission intensity indicate that the type of energy transfer is donor-acceptor transition.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제24권5호
• /
• pp.1103-1114
• /
• 2000

Recent attempt to enhance the safety against collision reshaped the simple shell structures into the integrated complex shell structures. Moreover, due to various regulations continuously tightened for environment protection, weight reduction of automobiles becomes an increasingly important issue. Auto parts lightening is mainly accomplished by more reasonable design, adoption of lighter materials and miniaturization of the auto bodies. Focusing on the locally enhanced design approach among the above three ways, we here attempt to develop a patching optimization method, and also to determine the thicknesses of an integrated shell structure, both bringing a specified amount of stress relaxation. We first select a cross member as a patching optimization model. Based on the finite element stress calculations, we relieve the stress of cross member by patching in two ways-nonuniform thickness patching and optimized uniform thickness patching, the latter of which is more effective in a practical point of view for the preset amount of stress relaxation. Selecting a box type subframe as another finite element analysis model, we then determine the thickness of each part by axiomatic design approach for a preset amount of stress relaxation. The patching methodology and the axiomatic approach adopted in this work can be applied to the other complex shell structures such as center member and lower control arm.

• 한국광학회지
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.149-154
• /
• 1990

$Tb^{3+}$이온을 첨가한 borosilicate 유리속에서 일어나는 에너지전달을 연구하기 위하여 $Tb^{3+}$이온의 농도에 따른 형광방출의 세기 및 $^5D_3$과 $^5D_4$ 준위의 형광수명시간을 측정.분석하였다. $Tb^{3+}$이온농도가 증가하면 cross-relaxation에 의해 $^5D_3$ 준위의 상태밀도가 줄어드는 대신에 $^5D_4$ 준위의 상태밀도가 증가했다. 그리고 이 상호작용은 전기 쌍극자-전기쌍극자 상호작용이며 임계작용거리는 13$\AA$이었다. 또 5D4 형광방출을 소광시키는 원인이 되는 $^5D_4$$\longrightarrow$$^5D_4$형의 에너지전달은 그 임계작용거리가 3.5$\AA$으로 나타났다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제44권6호
• /
• pp.753-768
• /
• 2022

In this study, a graphical automatic system is developed in order to investigate the stress redistribution of structural members in a steel cable-stayed bridge. The generalized Maxwell model is selected for stress relaxation estimation, and it is carefully verified and applied to all the cable members of a steel cable-stayed bridge to investigate its stress relaxation. A set of stress relaxation parameters in all cables is determined using the fmincon optimization function. The stress redistribution of the steel cable-stayed bridge is then analyzed using ABAQUS. To shorten the investigation time, all the aforementioned phases are built up to be an automatic system. The automatic system is then employed to investigate the effect of cable cross-section areas and girder spans on stress redistribution. The findings from these studies show that the initial tension in the cables of a steel cable-stayed bridge should be kept to less than 55% of the cable's ultimate strength to reduce the effect of cable stress relaxation. The cable space in a steel cable-stayed bridge should be limited to 15,000 mm to minimize the effect of cable stress relaxation. In comparison to other structural members of a steel cable-stayed bridge, the girders experience a significant stress redistribution.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제21권11호
• /
• pp.1077-1084
• /
• 2000

The dipolar effect of neighboring protons that are not directly bonded to the carbon of interest on coupled carbon-13 relaxation in a simple organic molecule has been studied by comparing the relaxation behaviors of labeled carbon-13 in $Br13CH_2COOH$ with those in $BrCH_213COOH.$ Various pulse sequences, such as coupled inversion recovery pulse sequence, J-negative and J-positive pulse sequence, and nonselective and selective proton ${\pi}pulse$ sequence, were employed to perform the required coupled spin relaxation experiments. To gain information on various spectral densities, including that of dipolar-CSA cross correlation, the experiments were performed on two different spectrometers, operating, respectively, at 50.31 and 125.51MHz for 13C. The magnitude of CH dipolar spectral densities for $BrCH_213COOH$ was found to be about 8% of those for $Br13CH_2COOH$, which means the effect due to the protons not directly bonded to the carbon of interest is small but not completely negligible.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제15권7호
• /
• pp.553-559
• /
• 1994

Dynamics of $CH_2CI$ group in ${\alpha},2,6$-trichlorotoluene dissolved in $CDCl_3$ was studied by observing various relaxation modes for $^{13}C$ under proton undecoupled condition. Partially relaxed $^{13}C$ spectra were obtained at $34^{\circ}C$ as a function of evolution time after applying various designed pulse sequences to this $AX_2$ spin system. It was found that nonlinear regression analysis of the relaxation data for these magnetization modes could provide the information about dipolar and spin-rotational auto-correlation and cross-correlation spectral densities for fluctuation of the $^{13}C-^1H$ internuclear vector in $CH_2Cl$ group. The results show that the effect of cross-correlation is comparable in magnitude to that of auto-correlation and the relaxation in this spin system is dominated by dipolar mechanism rather than spin-rotational one. From the resulting spectral density data we could calculate the bond angle ${\angle}HCH\;(105.1$^{\circ}$) and elements of the rotational diffusion tensor for $CH_2Cl$ group.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전기전자재료학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.4 No.2
• /
• pp.968-971
• /
• 2003

Due to a low efficiency of phosphor with large Stoke shift in Vacuum Ultra Violet (VUV) excitation environment, new PDP phosphors which can be excited in UV excitation environment need to be developed. In this study, $Zn_2SiO_4:Tb$ phosphor was synthesized by solid-state reaction method at $1300^{\circ}C$ with varying Tb concentration, and its cross relaxation effect was observed by Photoluminescence (PL) measurement. In order to decrease $^5D_3{\to}7F_j$ transition with blue emission in $Zn_2SiO_4:Tb$ phosphor, Dy, co-activator element, was added to $Zn_2SiO_4:Tb$ phosphor. In 254nm excitation environment, broad-emission peak was observed around 524nm, green emission.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제20권5호
• /
• pp.340-350
• /
• 1976

글라스(glass) 전이온도 이하에서 고체 중합체들의 역학적 분광학의 여러 현상들을 이론적으로 기술하는 데 적용된 線形 반응 이론을 제안하였다. 시료에 의한 에너지 분산을 어떤 시간 相關函數들로 나타내었다. Liouville 연산자를 Kirkwood의 확산식 연산자로 대치하면, 여기에서 시간은 결과로부터 다리결합을 한 중합체들의 에너지 상실과 완화에 대한 Kirkwood의 결과가 나옴을 보였다. 완화시간을 계산하는 방법을 보이기 위하여 상관함수들을 계산하는 근사법을 고찰하였다. 여기에서 제안한 이론과 저온에서 매달린 (pendant) 시클로헥실기들을 가진 고체 중합체들의 역학적 에너지 완화 현상을 기술하는 데 사용된 한 모형 이론과의 관련성을 찾아 보기 위해, 이 근사법을 써서 二重우물 퍼텐셜 모형을 고찰하였다.

• 한국세라믹학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국세라믹학회 2003년도 추계총회 및 연구발표회 초록집
• /
• pp.21.1-21
• /
• 2003

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
• /
• 제3권4호
• /
• pp.23-27
• /
• 2010

본 연구에서는 감성 평가 시스템 가장 적합한 파라미터를 찾기 위하여 3가지 뇌파 파라미터를 이용하여 감정 분류 실험을 하였다. 뇌파 파라미터는 선형예측기계수(linear predictor coefficients)와 FFT 스펙트럼 및 AR 스펙트럼의 밴드별 상호상관계수(cross-correlation coefficients)를 이용하였으며, 감정은 relaxation, joy, sadness, irritation으로 설정하였다. 뇌파 데이터는 대학의 연극동아리 학생 4명을 대상으로 수집하였으며, 전극 위치는 Fp1, Fp2, F3, F4, T3, T4, P3, P4, O1, O2를 사용하였다. 수집된 뇌파 데이터는 전처리를 거친 후 특징 파라미터를 추출하고 패턴 분류기로 사용된 신경회로망(neural network)에 입력하여 감정 분류를 하였다. 감정 분류실험 결과 선형예측기계수를 이용하는 것이 다른 2가지 보다 좋은 성능을 나타내었다.