• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제42회 동계 정기 학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.362-363
• /
• 2012

A new cross-linkable polymer, cross-linked d-PBAB, which has the triphenylamine as the hole transporting moiety and ethynyl group as the thermal cross-linker is firstly synthesized by the combination of anionic polymerization and deprotection process. The thermal cross-linking reaction was performed at $240^{\circ}C$ for 50 min and cross-linked d-PBAB layer showed smooth surface and is not soluble at organic solvent under spin-coating of emitting layer (EML). The solution-processed PLED which was fabricated with cross-linked d-PBAB as HTL showed approximately two times higher Lmax and four times higher LEmax than those obtained from PLED with PEDOT:PSS as the HTL. These result is ascribed to better ability of cross-linked d-PBAB to block electrons and to prevent exciton-quenching than those of PEDOT : PSS at the EML interface. This results strongly suggested that cross-linked d-PBAB can be a promising material to replace conventional PEDOT : PSS. It can be suspected that PLEDwith cross-linked d-PBAB would show longer lifetime compared with that of PLED with PEDOT : PSS, and thus further studies are under investigation.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.550-554
• /
• 1997

Chlorambucil is known to alkylate primarily N7 of guanine and N3 of adenine to induce DNA monofunctional adducts and interstrand cross-links (ISC). We have investigated the sequence specificity for DNA ISC induced by chlorambucil using duplex oligomers containing a defined cross-linkable sequences $ 5^{I}-A*TT, 5^{I}-G*TTor5^{I}-G*CC$ under bar which asterisk indicates the potential cross-linking site and underlined base indicates the potential cross-linking site on the opposite strand. An analysis of 20% denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that chlorambucil was albe to induce DNA ISC in the duplex oligomers containing a sequence $5^I-GCC$. The formation of DNA ISC was not observed in the duplex oligomers containing sequences $5^I-ATT$. or $5^I-GTT$. These results indicate that chlorambucil induces guanine-guanine DNA ISC but not guanine-adenine or adenine-adenine DNA ISC. In addition, we have tested the ability of chlorambucil to induce DNA ISC within $5^I-GNNC$ or $5^I-GNNC$sequences using duplex oligomers containing the sequence$5^I-G^4G^3G^2^C$. The result of DNA strand cleavage assay showed that DNA ISC was formed at the $5^I-GGC$ sequence (an 1,3 cross-link, $G^1-G^3$) but not at $5^I-GGGC$ (an 1,4 cross-link, $G^1-G^4$) or $5^I-GC$ sequence (an 1,2 cross-link, $G^1-G^2$).

• 한국잠사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국잠사학회 2002년도 Join Meetings of Korean Society of Sericultural Science and Japanse Society of Sericultural Science
• /
• pp.33-33
• /
• 2002

No Abstract, See Full Text

• 한국병원경영학회지
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.19-41
• /
• 2006

The Objective of this study was to design the model which predict the future cash flow of hospitals and on the basis of designed model to support sound hospital management by the prediction of future cash flow. The five cash flow measurement variables discussed in financial accrual part were used as variables and these variables were defined as NI, NIDPR, CFO, CFAI, CC. To measure the cash flow B/S related variables, P/L related variables and financial ratio related variables were utilized in this study. To measure cash flow models were designed and to estimate the prediction ability of five cash flow models, the martingale model and the market model were utilized. To estimate relative prediction outcome of cash flow prediction model and simple market model, MAE and MER were used to compare and analyze relative prediction ability of the cash flow model and the market model and to prove superiority of the model of the cash flow prediction model, 32 Regional Public Hospital's cross-section data and 4 year time series data were combined and pooled cross-sectional time series regression model was used for GLS-analysis. To analyze this data, Firstly, each cash flow prediction model, martingale model and market model were made and MAE and MER were estimated. Secondly difference-test was conducted to find the difference between MAE and MER of cash flow prediction model. Thirdly after ranking by size the prediction of cash flow model, martingale model and market model, Friedman-test was evaluated to find prediction ability. The results of this study were as follows: when t-test was conducted to find prediction ability among each model, the error of prediction of cash flow model was smaller than that of martingale and market model, and the difference of prediction error cash flow was significant, so cash flow model was analyzed as excellent compare with other models. This research results can be considered conductive in that present the suitable prediction model of future cash flow to the hospital. This research can provide valuable information in policy-making of hospital's policy decision. This research provide effects as follows; (1) the research is useful to estimate the benefit of hospital, solvency and capital supply ability for substitution of fixed equipment. (2) the research is useful to estimate hospital's liqudity, solvency and financial ability. (3) the research is useful to estimate evaluation ability in hospital management. Furthermore, the research should be continued by sampling all hospitals and constructed advanced cash flow model in dimension, established type and continued by studying unified model which is related each cash flow model.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제46권5호
• /
• pp.420-423
• /
• 2001

Combining ability in mungbean was studied in 15 quantitative traits through a 6 $\times$ 6 diallel cross. Both additive and non-additive gene effects were found conditioning the inheritane of nodes of the first peduncle, clusters per plant, clusters on main stem and branches, pods per plant, 1000 seed weight, grain yield per plant, biomass, and harvest index. The additive gene action was found significant for nodes on main stem, average internodal length, branches per plant, pods per cluster, pod length, and seeds per pod. The predominace of additive genetic variance was observed in all traits. For grain yield and yield components, the best combiner were VC3902A, VC1560D and ML-5, while the best combinations were the crosses VC3902A $\times$ ML-5, VC1560D $\times$ ML-5, and NM 92 $\times$ VC1560D.

• 한국간호교육학회지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.462-472
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The effects of learning styles and nursing professional attitude on the problem-solving ability among nursing students were explained. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed with 245 nursing students who completed self-report questionnaires between April 14 and May 7, 2014. Results: The dominant learning styles of the nursing students were assimilating (33.9%) and diverging (33.1%), with converging (11.4%) being the least dominant. Nursing professional attitude in the nursing students was high (mean 65 out of 80). Problem-solving ability in the nursing students was high (mean 159 out of 225), especially among seniors. The relationship between learning styles and problem-solving ability in nursing students was not statistically significant (F=2.44, p=.065), even though nursing students with converging learning style had higher problem-solving ability than nursing students with other learning styles. The problem-solving ability of nursing students was influenced by nursing professional attitude, being a senior and preference for discussion. These variables explained 16.9% of the variance in problem-solving ability. Nursing professional attitude with 12.3% was the most influential. Conclusion: The problem-solving ability of nursing students was more influenced by nursing professional attitude than by learning styles. Therefore, we suggest strategies to develop a positive nursing professional attitude that leads to promoting the problem-solving ability of nursing students.

• 예술인문사회 융합 멀티미디어 논문지
• /
• 제8권12호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2018

본 연구에서는 학습자의 토론 능력을 향상시킬 수 있는 방안을 모색하기 위하여 중학교 국어과 토론 수업에서 요구되는 수학교과역량을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 리서치 활동에서는 창의성과 정보처리 능력을, 입안 활동에서는 문제해결력과 창의성, 정보처리 능력을, 반박 활동에서는 추론과 창의성, 정보처리 능력을, 요약 활동에서는 문제해결과 추론, 정보처리 능력을, 교차질의 활동에서는 문제해결과 추론, 정보처리, 그리고 창의성을, 마지막 초점에서는 창의성을, 판정 및 총평에서는 문제해결과 추론 능력을, 준비시간 활동에서는 문제해결, 추론, 정보처리 능력을 각각 요구하고 있다. 수학교과역량이 부족한 학생들은 토론 수업에서 자신의 주장을 펼치거나 상대방의 주장을 논리적으로 반박하는 것을 어려워하며, 논의된 내용들을 구조화시키고 쟁점을 도출하는 활동에도 어려움을 겪고 있다. 따라서 학습자의 토론 능력을 향상시키기 위해서는 문제해결, 추론, 정보처리, 창의성 등과 같은 수학교과역량의 신장도 함께 요구된다고 하겠다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2005년도 지반공학 공동 학술발표회
• /
• pp.601-612
• /
• 2005

In mountainous area, Two parallel tunnels have been usually recognized as a road tunnel which has benefits in aspects of cost and stability. However, Design and construction of 2-Arch road tunnel are growing recently due to environmental destruction, compensation of land and difficulty of route separation. As studies are mainly undergoing on only guaranteeing stability and developing a waterproofing-drainage system to avoid water leakage through comprehension for characteristics of 2-arch tunnel behaviors, there is a tendency to evaluate quantity of support by empirical method with a tunnel which has a complicated cross-section and lack of construction ability. In this study, therefore, we made a plan of tunnel cross-section which had shown good construction ability and developed the waterproofing-drainage system which is able to solve the water leakage problem fundamentally by analyzing precedented 2-arch tunnels and investigating their sites in and out of nation. We also determined fixed quantity of support by a large-scale model test and numerical analysis. We want to contribute to 2-arch tunnel design hereafter introducing design procedure and method applied here.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.215-221
• /
• 2017

An electromagnetic (EM) wave absorber reduces the possibility of radar detection by minimizing the radar cross section (RCS) of structures. In this study, a radar absorbing structure (RAS) was applied to the leading edge of a blended wing body aircraft to reduce RCS in X-band (8.2~12.4GHz) radar. The RAS was composed of a periodic pattern resistive sheet with conductive lossy material and glass-fiber/epoxy composite as a spacer. The applied RAS is a multifunctional composite structure which has both electromagnetic (EM) wave absorbing ability and load-bearing ability. A two dimensional unit absorber was designed first in a flat-plate shape, and then the fabricated leading edge structure incorporating the above RAS was investigated, using simulated and free-space measured reflection loss data from the flat-plate absorber. The leading edge was implemented on the aircraft, and its RCS was measured with respect to various azimuth angles in both polarizations (VV and HH). The RCS reduction effect of the RAS was evaluated in comparison with a leading edge of carbon fabric reinforced plastics (CFRP). The designed leading edge structure was examined through static structural analysis for various aircraft load cases to check structural integrity in terms of margin of safety. The mechanical and structural characteristics of CFRP, RAS and CFRP with RAM structures were also discussed in terms of their weight.

• 비교문화연구
• /
• 제37권
• /
• pp.267-286
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study is to improve the writing skills through activities to read and summarize the internet children newspaper article. The subjects of study are the college students of A2-B1 level in the French writing classes. The range of study was as follows: - As the previous activity of writing, activities of teaching and learning of vocabularies to comprehend the internet children newspaper article. - learn about the rules of summary - writing the summary The children's newspaper used in this study has the advantage that can increase the learning motivation of learners as having a topicality by itself and a level of easy language. The summary activities can be called a comprehensive activities of teaching and learning that combine the critical reading ability that can distinguish important information and secondary one with the creative writing ablility that can reconstruct one's own style from the selected content. In addition, the summary assists the understanding of a text and is a help to its memory. It is the strategy of reading comprehension and also is simultaneously the strategy of writing that can write with one's own vocabulary by newly structuring the text. The results of this study will provide a vitality for the education environment and field of study of French language that have been neglected the writing ability. Moreover it will be the motivation to propose a way of a balanced French language communication to our French language learners weighted on oral communication.