• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.193-197
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• 2003

As one of the core technologies in the field of the optical communication with WDM, the optical cross connector with movements of micro mirrors is getting important day by day. The packaging structure of 2-dimensional NxN MOEMS switch should be determined by the harmonization of the following items such as the geometrical compatability between optical and structural components, the characteristics of optical input and output parts with device, and the electrical performance for the operation of micro mirrors. Therefore, the packaging process could be defined as the integrated technology completed by the optical and electrical science and the material science for the understanding of its thermo-mechanical properties with packaging materials. In the present study, the harmonization between the optical and structural components as well as the optical characteristics of lens system used will be investigated.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.63-77
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• 2016

Top-down construction is a construction technique in which pit excavation and structure construction are conducted simultaneously. Reducing construction time and minimizing noise and vibration which affect neighboring structures, the technique is widely employed in constructing downtown structures. While H-steel columns have been commonly used as core columns, concrete filled steel tube (CFT) columns are at the center of attention because the latter have less axial directionality and greater cross-sectional efficiency than the former. When compared with circular CFT columns, square CFT columns are more easily connected to the floor structure and the area of percussion rotary drilling (PRD) is smaller. For this reason, square CFT columns are used as core columns of concrete encased and filled square (CET) columns in underground floors. However, studies on the structural behavior and concrete stress transfer of CET columns have not been conducted. Since concrete is cast according to construction sequence, checking the stress of concrete inside the core columns and the stress of covering concrete is essential. This paper presents the results of structural tests and analyses conducted to evaluate the usability and safety of CET columns in top-down construction where CFT columns are used as core columns. Parameters in the tests are loading condition, concrete strength and covering depth. The compressive load capacity and failure behavior of specimens are evaluated. In addition, 2 cases of field application of CET columns in underground floors are analyzed.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.492-499
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• 2009

A Silkie Bantam embryo fibroblast line (named SBF59 line) was successfully established by using direct explant culture and cryopreservation techniques. Cell morphology, viability, dynamic growth and contamination were tested and the karyotype and levels of isoenzymes of lactic dehydrogenase and malic dehydrogenase were analyzed. Four kinds of fluorescent protein extrogenes, including $pEGFP-N_3$, $pECFP-N_1$, $pEYFP-N_1$ and $pDsRed1-N_1$ were transfected into the cells. The results showed that the cells were healthy and possessed a fibrous structure without a change in morphology. The average viability of the cells was 96% before freezing and 90.5% after thawing. The growth curve appeared as typical "S" shape and the cell growth passed through a detention phase, a logarithmic phase and a platform phase; the estimated population doubling time (PDT) was 38.5 h; assays for the presence of bacteria, fungi, viruses and mycoplasmas were negative; the cell line showed no cross contamination when assessed by isoenzyme analysis; the chromosome number was 2n = 78 on more than 88% of occasions; four kinds of fluorescent protein extro-genes appeared to be expressed effectively with a high transfection efficiency between 18.3% and 42.3%. The cell line met the required quality control standard. It not only preserves the genetic resources of the important Silkie Bantam at the cellular level but also provides valuable materials for genomic, post-genomic, somatic cell cloning research and other applications.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.14
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• pp.5977-5981
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• 2015

Background: Worldwide, breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed among women and a leading cause of cancer deaths. The age of onset in Iran has become reduced by a decade for unknown reasons. Herceptin, a humanized monoclonal antibody, is a target therapy for breast cancer cells with over expression of HER2-neu receptors, but it is an expensive drug with only 20% beneficial rate of survival. This study introduces a novel approach to enhance the efficacy of this drug through immunoconjugation of the antibody to botulinum toxin. Decreasing the cost and adverse effects of the antibody were secondary goals of this study. Materials and Methods: Botulinum toxin was conjugated with Herceptin using heterobifunctional cross linkers, succinimidyl acetylthiopropionate (SATP) and sulfo-succinimidyl-4-(N-maleimidomethyl) cyclohexane-1-carboxylate (SMCC) according to the supplier's guidelines and tested on two breast cancer cell lines: SK-BR-3 and BT-474. Toxin and Herceptin were also used separately as controls. The cytotoxicity assay was also performed using the new bioconjugate on cultured cells with Alamar blue and a fluorescence plate reader. Results: Herceptin-Toxin bioconjugation significantly improved Herceptin efficacy on both breast cancer cell lines when compared to the control group. Conclusions: Toxin-Herceptin bioconjugation can be a potential candidate with increased efficiency for treating breast cancer patients with over expression of the HER2 receptor.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.25-29
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• 2005

Axial fan is used for the supplement of large amount of flows. Axial blowers show relatively high efficiency of the system. The present model of axial fan is for cooling a condenser in an air-conditioning unit that exhibits tendency toward compact size. In order to realize the compact model, the width of an axial blade should be cut down in axial distance. Main interest lies on the performance of the axial blowing system with blades having shorter chord length. One of the important design parameters for axial fan is the shape of the blades of it. Design of blades includes the cross-sectional shape and its dimension, including the chord length. We consider two types of blades; one is NACA airfoil with normal chord length and the other is with shortening chord length by $10\%$ of normal airfoil. Axial blower with the modified blades is essential for the compact model of an air-conditioner. The other design parameters are same in the two cases. Using a wind tunnel follows ASHRAE standards carries out evaluation of performance of the system. Detail of flows around the blades is prepared by velocity measurements using PIV. According to performance estimation, the axial blower with short chord blade show quite close to the performance results, including flow rate and pressure rise, of the standard one. The reason of the two similar results is that the flowpatterns depend on Reynolds number based on the chord length of a blade. In this investigation, the critical chord length is found, in which the flows near the airfoil are so unstable and the performance of the system is decreased. A series of figures is for the detail information on the flow.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.159-173
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• 2012

UV-Curing technology can be classified into two categories for radical curing and cation curing. It also has mainly focused on surface finishing technology to improve functionality of various substrates such as plastics and metals. On the other hand, EB technology has dealt with cross-linking reactions as well as polymerization process to create novel functional materials. Both technologies have advantages in energy utilizing efficiency and environmental friendly when compared to conventional thermoset coatings. Consequently, UV cured coatings also permits a reduction in the $CO_2$ and VOCs emitted in the drying and curing process. This review mainly shows radical curing technology which is commonly used in UV curing coatings and also describes the technology trends of cation curing which has been attracted attention recently.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.1-28
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• 2018

Purpose More than 7.6 million mobile apps could be approved on both Apple iTunes Store and Google Play. For managing those existed Apps, Apple Inc. established twenty-four primary categories, as well as Google Play had thirty-three primary categories. However, all of their categorizations have appeared more and more problems in managing and classifying numerous apps, such as app miscategorized, cross-attribution problems, lack of categorization keywords index, etc. The purpose of this study focused on introducing individual information cognitive processing as the classification criteria to update the current categorization on Apple iTunes Store. Meanwhile, we tried to observe the effectiveness of the new criteria from a classification process on Apple iTunes Store. Design/Methodology/Approach A research approach with four research stages were performed and a series of mixed methods was developed to identify the feasibility of adopting individual information cognitive processing as categorization criteria. By using machine-learning techniques with Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and Singular Value Decomposition, keyword lists were extracted. By using the prior research results related to car app's categorization, we developed individual information cognitive processing. Further keywords extracting process from the extracted keyword lists was performed. Findings By TF-IDF and SVD, keyword lists from more than five thousand apps were extracted. Furthermore, we developed individual information cognitive processing that included a categorization teaching process and learning process. Three top three keywords for each category were extracted. By comparing the extracted results with prior studies, the inter-rater reliability for two different methods shows significant reliable, which proved the individual information cognitive processing to be reliable as criteria of categorization on Apple iTunes Store. The updating suggestions for Apple iTunes Store were discussed in this paper and the results of this paper may be useful for app store hosts to improve the current categorizations on app stores as well as increasing the efficiency of app discovering and locating process for both app developers and users.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.31 no.5 s.121
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• pp.403-408
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• 2007

The purpose of this paper is to show a way for measuring the rankings of efficient seaports in Korea by using DEA(data envelopment analysis) and model suggested by Jahanshahloo et al(2006). Two inputs(birthing capacity, and cargo handling capacity) and three outputs(export cargo handling amount, import cargo handling amount, and number of ship calls), and one cross sectional data(2004) for 26 Korean seaports are considered for measuring the efficiencies. An empirical main result indicates that ranking order of efficient seaports are Okpo, Samcheok Ulsan, Daesan, Busan, Gohyun Ports. Samcheok Port is classified as the most strong efficient port among 16 general ports except 10 container ports. The Korean seaport authority can adopt the new measurement way introduced in this paper for measuring the exact ranking order of efficient seaports when it decides the development and investment to each efficient seaport.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.406-414
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• 2017

In this study, we have developed pore-filled ion-exchange membranes (PFIEMs) filled with ionomer in a thin polyethylene porous film (thickness = $25{\mu}m$) and investigated the charge-discharge characteristics of the all vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) employing them. Especially, the degree of crosslinking and free volume of the PFIEMs were appropriately controlled to produce ion-exchange membranes exhibiting both the low membrane resistance and low vanadium permeability by mixing crosslinking agents having different molecular size. As a result, the prepared PFIEMs exhibited excellent electrochemical properties which are comparable to those of the commercial membranes. Also, it was confirmed through the experiments of vanadium ion permeability and VRFB performance evaluation that the PFIEMs showed low vanadium ion permeability and high charge-discharge efficiency in comparison with the commercial membrane despite their thin film thickness.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.113-118
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• 2012

Cultural heritages emit volatile organic compounds(VOCs) during degradation as chemical, biological factors. These VOCs in the atmosphere are degradation factors for another materials. But non-destructive organic analysis methods are uncommon, and have difficulties for field application. In this study, solid phase micro-extraction(SPME) and gas chromatography( GC) are carried out for analysis of VOCs which are emitted from leather, and prove SPME field holder's efficiency. I analize leather archival objects at The National Archives of Korea by cross-checking GC and SPME methods. It could be confirmed that the compounds are (E)-2-nonenal, butyl hydroxy toluene emitted itself from leather.