• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.267-267
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• 2017

In Korea, the average air temperature has been elevated twice faster than the average global warming. And the climate warming is characterized by the smaller rise of air temperature in summer and the greater rise of air temperature in spring and winter. Therefore, the number of frost-free days to determine the cultivation ability of crops has increased by more than 15 days in 10 years according to climate warming. This climate warming trend has extended and is projected to extend not only the sweet potato growing season but also the sweet potato early cultivating area to higher altitude and latitude region. This study was carried out to evaluate the possibility of sweet potato double cropping in the southern island area of Korea by assessing the growth and yield performance of sweet potato cultivated at extremely-early and -late time. We had performed at Yokji Island Yokji Island($E128^{\circ}$ 18' $N34^{\circ}$ 36'), a representative specified complex area of sweet potato cultivation in southern Korea. As the test varieties, the major cultivars of the this region, Shinyulmi and early hypertrophic cultivars, Dahomi were used. The prior cropping were planted with PE film mulching on March 30 and April 10, and harvested after 110 days. So the succeeding cropping were planted without PE film mulching on July 25 and August 5 according to the harvesting time of the prior sweet potato and harvested after 120 days. As a control, it was harvested on September 15, 120 days after planted on May 15. Each experimental plot had an area of 12 square meters consisting of 4 beds, and was planted one at a time at intervals of 25cm. We had investigated growth characteristics - main vine length, node number, branch number, total vine yield, and tuberous root characteristics - tuberous root number, average weight, starch value, and etc. After harvesting, we analyzed the economic effects by examining the postharvest quantity, the input labor, the management cost, and the income. The total yield of marketable products in prior and succeeding cropping was 46~70% higher than that of control. The average unit price of sweet potato was 36% higher than the conventional culture, and the gross income increased by 98%, but the operating cost increased by 83%, and the farm income increased by 103%. There are considerations such as the difficulty of enlargement of cultivation area due to lack of labor in limited space and the need for watering measures due to spring drought. However, if the area of application for sweet potatoes double system is increased by 10%, it can be used as a new cropping system.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.280-280
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• 2017

In Korea, the average air temperature has been elevated twice faster than the average global warming. And the climate warming is characterized by the smaller rise of air temperature in summer and the greater rise of air temperature in spring and winter. Therefore, the number of frost-free days to determine the cultivation ability of crops has increased by more than 15 days in 10 years according to climate warming. This climate warming trend has extended and is projected to extend not only the sweet potato growing season but also the sweet potato early cultivating area to higher altitude and latitude region. This study was carried out to evaluate the possibility of sweet potato double cropping in the southern island area of Korea by assessing the growth and yield performance of sweet potato cultivated at extremely-early and -late time. We had performed at Yokji Island Yokji Island($E128^{\circ}$ 18' $N34^{\circ}$ 36'), a representative specified complex area of sweet potato cultivation in southern Korea. As the test varieties, the major cultivars of the this region, Shinyulmi and early hypertrophic cultivars, Dahomi were used. The prior cropping were planted with PE film mulching on March 30 and April 10, and harvested after 110 days. So the succeeding cropping were planted without PE film mulching on July 25 and August 5 according to the harvesting time of the prior sweet potato and harvested after 120 days. As a control, it was harvested on September 15, 120 days after planted on May 15. Each experimental plot had an area of 12 square meters consisting of 4 beds, and was planted one at a time at intervals of 25cm. We had investigated growth characteristics - main vine length, node number, branch number, total vine yield, and tuberous root characteristics - tuberous root number, average weight, starch value, and etc. After harvesting, we analyzed the economic effects by examining the postharvest quantity, the input labor, the management cost, and the income. The total yield of marketable products in prior and succeeding cropping was 46~70% higher than that of control. The average unit price of sweet potato was 36% higher than the conventional culture, and the gross income increased by 98%, but the operating cost increased by 83%, and the farm income increased by 103%. There are considerations such as the difficulty of enlargement of cultivation area due to lack of labor in limited space and the need for watering measures due to spring drought. However, if the area of application for sweet potatoes double system is increased by 10%, it can be used as a new cropping system.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.128-134
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• 1988

This experiment was carried out to compare chemical composition of corn-cowpea inter cropping and corn monocropping plants at different harvestion time and obtained the following results. 1. In both cropping systems, the contents of crude fat and nitrogen free extract (NFE) were significantly increased (P<0.01), while that of crude protein crude fiber and crude ash were decreased (P<0.01) with each harvesting time. 2. The acid detergent fiber (ADF) and crude fiber contents were decreased same patterns in growing period, however, according to maturing of corn ears the difference between ADF and crude fiber contents reduced. 3. At mature stage, crude protein yields per 10a in corn monocropping and corn-cowpea intercropping system were 127.6kg and 152.1kg, respectively. The difference of crude protein content between corn-cowpea intercropping and corn monocropping system was 19.2%. 4. TDN yields of each cropping system, at mature stage, obtained similar results and TDN yields per 10a of corn monocropping and corn-cowpea intercropping system were 1006.1kg and 990.1, respectively. 5. Conseqently, corn-cowpea intercropping system could be increased protein yield without decreasing of dry matter yield in comparison with corn monocropping system.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.505-512
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• 2006

In Korea, silicate fertilization (SF) is being practiced every four years to enhance rice production. However, the relationship between nitrogen (N) and SF in view of growth characteristics and grain yield of rice has not been examined after watermelon cropping in plastic film house. This study was carried out to identify useful critical N and Si fertilizer levels to sustain grain yield and to improve N use efficiency for rice. The watermelon-rice cropping system has maintained for three seasons in each year from 1998 to 2001 by farmer before this experiment. Experiments on N and Si fertilization levels were evaluated with Hwayoungbyeo (Oryza sativa L.) in 2002 and 2003 at Uiryeong, Korea. The goal of this experiment was to find out the optimum N and Si levels to sustain rice yield by reducing excessive N fertilizer in watermelon-rice cropping system. Nitrogen fertilization (NF) levels were three ($0,\;57,\;114kg\;ha^{-1};0,\;50,\;100%$ of conventional NF amount) and five (0, 25, 50, 75, 100%) in 2002 and 2003, respectively, and combined with three SF levels ($70,\;130,\;180mg\;kg^{-1};100,\;150,\;200%$ which were adjusted with Si fertilizer in soil) were evaluated for the improvement of N and Si fertilization level in both years. Rice yielded 3.98-5.95 and 2.84-4.02 t/ha in 2002 and 2003, respectively. Our results showed the combinations of 50% and 100% of N with 200% level of Si produced the highest grain yield in both years, respectably. The grain yield was greatly improved in plot of N25% level when compared to conventional NF (Nl00%) in 2003. In conclusion, NF amount could be reduced about 50% compared to recommended level by specific fertilization of N and Si combination levels for rice growing and grain yield after cultivation watermelon in paddy field.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.147-147
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• 2022

Various types of cropping systems have been developed, such as a highly profitable cropping system, and there is a need to develop for each region. Jack bean [Canavalia ensiformis (L.)] is widely consumed for tea in which young seedpods are dried, roasted, and boiled in water. Jack bean is rich in histidine and urease that improve allergic rhinitis and they are effective in alleviating inflammation. Thus, young dried and roasted seedpods are very profitable. However, only 'young pods (soft, pre-swelling)' should be used for tea processing according to the 'Food Code' (Ministry of Food and Drug Safety). Therefore, the pods to be harvested were set based on a length of more than 20 cm and a thickness of less than 2 cm. In the southern region of Korea, onion and garlic are grown as primary crops in winter. Therefore, the possibility of a cropping system linked with Jack bean in summer was studied. Onion and garlic were sown and transplanted on October 25, 2021. Garlic was harvested on May 23,2022, followed by onion on May 31,2022. After that, the jack bean was transplanted on May 31, June 7, June 17, and June 27 to determine the appropriate period for the transplanting. The young seedpods were harvested 100-110 days after the transplant. Compared to the yield of young seedpods, there was no significant difference according to the transplantation period. Given that young seedpods are harvested before planting onion and garlic, 'Onion - Jack bean' and 'Garlic - Jack bean' cropping systems will be advantageous for income improvement.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제66권4호
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• pp.297-306
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 사료작물-벼 2모작 작부체계에 적합한 벼 품종을 선발하고자, 사료작물 중 재배면적이 가장 많은 이탈리안라이그라스와 귀리를 연계한 2모작 작부체계에서 토양특성, 조생종 벼의 생육 특성과 미질의 변화를 조사하였다. 벼 앞그루로 겨울철에 휴경하였을 때보다 사료작물을 재배하였을 때 논 토양 내 pH가 다소 낮아지고 T-N, K, Ca, Na 함량이 높았으며 유기물과 유효인산(Av. P₂O₅) 함량은 다소 감소하였다. 이는 겨울철 사료작물 재배로 인해 논 토양의 화학적 특성이 개선될 수 있음을 보여준다. 출수기에 해담쌀을 제외한 3종의 조생종 벼에서는 간장, 수장, 수수, 엽색도가 대체로 벼 단작에 비해 사료작물-벼 재배답에서 높게 나타났다. 그러나 해담쌀은 간장과 엽색도가 차이가 없고, 수장이 다소 짧아졌지만 수수는 오히려 증가하는 양상을 보였다. 그리고, 수확기에 백미수량이 2모작 작부체계에서 다른 3종은 다소 감소하지만 해담쌀은 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그리고, 완전미의 비율은 사료작물-벼 2모작 재배 시 다소 높았으며, 특히 조평과 해담쌀에서 높았다. 백미의 단백질 함량은 벼 단작에 비해 사료작물-벼 재배에서 높았고, 아밀로스 함량은 벼 단작과 같거나 그보다 다소 낮았다. Toyo 식미치는 사료작물-벼 작부체계에서 대체로 감소하였으며, 호화온도는 모든 품종에서 작부체계별로는 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그럼에도 불구하고, 해담쌀은 2모작 작부체계에서도 다른 품종에 비하여 호화온도가 낮으면서 Toyo 식미치값이 높아서, 식미도 가장 양호한 것으로 나타났다. 더욱이 그 생장은 작부체계에 따라 차이가 없으나 수수는 오히려 2모작 작부체계에서 증가하여 백미수량 감소가 없는 것으로 나타나, 해담쌀이 사료작물과 연계한 논 기반 작부체계에 최적의 품종으로 보인다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2000

This study was conducted to increase the utility and productivity of forage crops at high altitued areas. For that purpose, 21 cultivars of corn and 2 cultivars of rye were cultivated for 3 years using a randomized block designed with 3 replications. The results obtained were as follows. 1. In the Taekwallyong area (800m above sea level) which has a short frostless period, all the seeding and harvest of corn must be finished within about 135 days between mid May, the time of the last frost, and late September, the time of the first frost 2. It was relatively safe for the early maturity cultivar(ll0days) and the medium maturity cultivar(l20days), compared to the late maturity cultivar(l30days) which might have had the possibility of an overlapping period between the time of harvest and the first frost in high altitude areas 3. The productivity of forage corn, which is the most efficient crop for capturing solar energy, varied significantly with the climate circumstances but the productivity of Taekwallyong showed similar results of 19 M/T/ha, compared with 20 M/T/ha in Suwon from the '96-'98 study 4. Rye could be cultivated in high altitude areas and when corn was raised as a second crop after rye in the same year, it was possible to increase the productivity of dry matter yield by 20% through double cropping(P < 0.05). (Key words : Cropping system, Corn, Rye, Forage production)

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.320-320
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• 2017

Recently, the rice growing time was extended by the global warming. This study was conducted to investigate the possibility of rice double cropping system in southern Korea. The first transplanting was with six cultivars ('Kilala397', 'Baekilmi', 'Joun', 'Hanseol' and 'Jungmo1031') on April 15. All cultivars could be harvested at the end of July. Adaptable cultivars for the first cultivation were 'Kilala397', Baekilmi' and 'Joun'. The rice yields at the first cultivation was about 95% of local average yield. Although the yield was slightly less, the first cultivation was considered to have economic benefits, because of the high market price of rice. In the second transplanting was with five cultivars ('Manjong', 'Joun', 'Deabo', 'Jinok' and 'Kilala397') on April 15. All cultivars could be harvested in early November. Adaptable cultivars for the second cultivation were 'Jinok' and 'Kilala397'. The rice yields at the second cultivation was about below the 60% of local average yield, because there was the less growth than normal season cultivation. Consequently, southern Korea' annual rice double cropping system is considered to have no economic value yet. However, the research should be continued considering the temperature rise of global warming.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.760-770
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• 2023

Continuous cropping obstacles have become a serious factor restricting sustainable development in modern agriculture, while companion planting is one of the most common and effective methods for solving this problem. Here, we monitored the effects of companion planting on soil fertility and the microbial community distribution pattern in pepper monoculture and companion plantings. Soil microbial communities were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing technology. Companion plants included garlic (T1), oat (T2), cabbage (T3), celery (T4), and white clover (T5). The results showed that compared with the monoculture system, companion planting significantly increased the activities of soil urease (except for T5) and sucrase, but decreased catalase activity. In addition, T2 significantly improved microbial diversity (Shannon index) while T1 resulted in a decrease of bacterial OTUs and an increase of fungal OTUs. Companion planting also significantly changed soil microbial community structures and compositions. Correlation analysis showed that soil enzyme activities were closely correlated with bacterial and fungal community structures. Moreover, the companion system weakened the complexity of microbial networks. These findings indicated that companion plants can provide nutrition to microbes and weaken the competition among them, which offers a theoretical basis and data for further research into methods for reducing continuous cropping obstacles in agriculture.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.269-273
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• 2006

Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to interpretate the relationship between sesame grain yield and its components under early sowing cropping condition. The t test showed that stem length, number of capsules per plant, 1000 seeds weight and seed weight per plant gave significant contribution to sesame grain yield, therefore those variables were assumed to mostly influenced components to grain yield of sesame. In the stepwise regression analysis, the predicted equation for sesame grain yield per square meter (Y) was Y = -7.900 + 0.150X1 + 0.461X5 + 15.553X6 + 8.543X7. Meanwhile, F value showed that stem length, number of capsules per plant and seed weight per plant gave significant contribution to sesame grain yield, while 1000 seeds weight did not significantly show. Based on the results, it is reasonable to assume that high yield. potential of sesame under early sowing cropping condition would be obtained by selecting breeding lines with long stem length, number of capsules per plant, and seed weight per plant, which was different result at the late sowing cropping condition in which days to flowering and maturity were assumed to be more affected factors to the sesame grain yield.