• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.244-251
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• 2017

Background: The application of crop rotation systems may reduce the occurrence of soil-borne diseases by releasing allelochemicals and by subsequent microbial decomposition. Methods and Results: For reduction of ginseng root rot by the crop rotation system, after harvesting 6-year-old ginseng, fresh ginseng was grown along with continuous cultivation of sweet potato, peanut, and bellflower. Growth of 2-year-old ginseng was significantly inhibited in the continuous cultivation than in the first cultivation. Sweet potato, peanut and bellflower cultivations assisted in obtaining normal yields of ginseng in the first year after the harvest of 6-year-old ginseng. Salt concentration, potassium and sodium contents were gradually decreased, and, organic matter was gradually increased through cirp rotation. Phosphate, calcium and magnesium contents were not altered. The density of the root rot fungus was gradually decreased by the increase in crop rotation; however it was decreased distinctly in the first year compared to the second and third year. The severity of root rot disease tended to decrease gradually by the increase of crop rotation. Conclusions: Short-term crop rotation for three years promoted the growth of ginseng, however root rot infection was not inhibited significantly, although it was somewhat effective in lowering the density of the root rot pathogen.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제27권8호
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• pp.641-650
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• 2018

Paddy-upland rotation system is one of the important cropping system for improving soil quality and crop productivity. we conducted to investigate the effect of paddy-upland rotation system on soil properties and crop productivity in reclaimed tidal land. The paddy-upland rotation could be effective to conserve soil water contents and prevent from salt damage when cultivating upland crops. The first two years of maize cultivation after rice cultivation could be effective to secure stable production. However, in case of soybean crop, the rotation effect might be lower than that of maize. In the first year, the yield of soybean was 214 kg/10a. In the second and third year, the yields of soybean decreased consecutively to 152, 123 kg/10a respectively. In this paper, it would be suggested that maize be cultivated for up to two years and soybean be cultivated for one year after rice crop grown in reclaimed tidal land. This study could be provide basic data of the physico-chemical properties applicable to paddy-upland rotation system at reclaimed tidal lands.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2010

Allelopathic activity of rotation crop residues to common weeds and selectivity of crops were studied for developing an alternative weed control strategy in upland organic farming. All rotation crop residues with various ratios suppressed weed growth, but the growth of crop species stimulated a little when those were grown with the mixture of rotation crop residues except a few crop species. Among the rotation crop residues used in this study hairy vetch was the most effective, followed by Chinese milkvetch, barley and rye in suppression of weed growth. The 90:10 (crop:soil, v/v) treatments incorporation rate of crop residues such as hairy vetch and Chinese milkvetch suppressed completely the growth of all weed species tested in this study. The effect of crop residues on suppression of weed growth reduced to 90% when the incorporation rates decreased to 60% [60:40 (crop:soil, v/v). It was noticed that broadleaf weed species were more susceptible to rotation crop residues than grass weed species. In the influence of crop residues on the crop growth, no growth inhibition was found in red pepper, lettuce and perllia at any incorporation rates, but tomato, cucumber and corn were slightly inhibited in a few cases at their highest incorporation levels. This study demonstrated that rotation crop residues especially hairy vetch and Chinese milkvetch have high herbicidal effects against weeds without inhibiting the growth of crop species.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.294-302
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• 2016

Background: Crop rotation plays an important role in improving soil chemical properties, minimizing the presence of disease pathogens, and assists in neutralizing autotoxic effects associated with allelochemicals. Methods and Results: Five rotation crops of sudan grass, soybean, peanut, sweet potato, and perilla were cultivated for one year with an aim to reduce yield losses caused by repeated cropping of ginseng. In 2-year-old ginseng grown in the same soil as a previous ginseng crop, stem length and leaf area were reduced by 30%, and root weight per plant was reduced by 56%. Crop rotation resulted in a significant decrease in electrical conductivity, $NO_3$, and $P_2O_5$ content of the soil, whereas organic matter, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, and Zn content remained-unchanged. Soil K content was increased following crop rotation with sudan grass and peanut only. Rotation with all alternate crops increased subsequent ginseng aerial plant biomass, whereas root weight per plant significantly increased following crop rotation with perilla only. A significant positive correlation was observed between root rot ration and soil K content, and a significant negative correlation was observed between ginseng root yield and the abundance of actinomycetes. Crop rotation affected the soil microbial community by increasing gram negative microbes, the ratio of aerobic microbes, and total microbial biomass whereas decreases were observed in actinomycetes and the ration of saturated fatty acids. Conclusions: In soil exhibiting crop failure following replanting, crop rotation for one year promoted both soil microbial activity and subsequent ginseng aerial plant biomass, but did not ameliorate the occurrence of root rot disease.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.347-347
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• 2017

This study is performed to investigate the optimal cropping systems to allow cultivation of upland crops to the paddy rice land. This experiment was conducted at Anseong-si Gyeonggi province of Korea in 2015. In order to investigate growth and yield characteristics of foxtail millet, proso millet and sorghum by different paddy-upland rotation systems, three crops foxtail millet, proso millet and sorghum with four varieties of Samdachal, Samdamae, Kyeongkwan1, Hwanggeumjo in foxtail millet, Leebaekchal, Manhongchal, Hwangsilchal, Hwanggeumgijang in proso millet and Nampungchal, Moktaksusu, Aneunbangisusu, Hwanggeumchal in sorghum were examined. Four paddy-upland rotation systems of paddy-upland rotation, paddy-upland-upland rotation, paddy-upland-upland-upland rotation, and upland-paddy-upland rotation system were tested. Days from seeding to heading and ripening of foxtail millet was the shortest in the paddy-upland-upland-upland rotation system, but proso millet and sorghum did not show statistical difference among four rotation systems. In the average of culm length, paddy-upland-upland-upland rotation system showed the highest culm length in foxtail millet (141.5cm), proso millet (159.6cm) and sorghum (138.6cm) respectively among four paddy-upland rotation systems. In average yield per 10a, foxtail millet and proso millet showed the highest each 234.3kg/10a, 176.2kg/10a in paddy-upland-upland-upland rotation system, whereas sorghum was the highest 221.2kg/10a in paddy-upland-upland rotation system. The most suitable crop and varieties in paddy-upland rotation system was judged to be sorghum among three crops and suitable varieties were Samdachal in foxtail millet, Leebaekchal in proso millet and Nampungchal in sorghum respectively.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.304-311
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• 1993

답전윤환에 의한 논 고도이용과 이에 적합한 작목선정 및 작부양식을 검토하기 위하여 1989년부터 4년간 수도, 콩, 옥수수, 율무를 1년, 2년, 3녀 윤환의 작부양식으로 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 수도수량은 윤환재배에 의하여 7～12% 중수되었으며 밭1년윤환답보다 밭2년대두답의 증수복이 더 컸으며, 윤환형태별로는 대두2년윤환답이 가장 유양시 되었으며, 미질은 윤환재배에 dlm하여 저하되는 경향이었다. 2. 대두는 밭연작기간이 길어질수록 수량도 크게 감소되는 경향이었으며 1년 윤환 및 매년윤환의 작부양식이 가장 유이하였다. 3. 식용옥수수 GCB70은 3년윤환재배에서, 사료용옥수수 수원19호는 2년윤환재배에서 가장 수량이 많았다. 4. 율무는 밭연작기간이 길어질수록 감수되었으며 1년윤환재배가 가장 수량이 많았다. 5. 담전윤환재배에 의하여 논ㆍ밭상태 모두 잡초발생량 및 초종수가 감소하였고 밭상태 보다 논상태에서의 잡초감소효과가 더 컸으며, 윤환작물별 우점잡초양상도 달라서 콩 3년연작 재배에서는 광엽잡초 명아주가 36%나 발생하였다. . 토양물리성은 답전윤환에 의하여 논ㆍ밭토양 모두 기상율 및 공극율 등 전반적읜 토양물리성이 개선되었고, 밭 작물기간이 길수록 기상률은 증가하는 경향이었으며 매년윤환 밭토양에서 보다 2년간 밭 전역이 있는 논토양의 심토에서 3.4% 증가하는 효과를 보였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.360-370
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• 2019

Woody crops cultivated in short-rotation coppices are attractive sources of lignocellulosic materials for bioethanol production, since they are some of the most abundant renewable resources. In this study, we evaluated the effects of the growth period on bioethanol production using short-rotation woody crops (Populus nigra ${\times}$ Populus maxiwiczii, Populus euramericana, Populus alba ${\times}$ Populus glandulosa, and Salix alba). The carbohydrate contents of 3-year-old and 12-year-old short-rotation woody crop branches were 62.1-68.5% and 64.0-67.1%, respectively. The chemical compositions of 3-year-old and 12-year-old short-rotation woody crop branches did not vary significantly depending upon the growth period. However, the 3-year-old short-rotation woody crop branches (glucose conversion: 26-40%) were hydrolyzed more easily than their 12-year-old counterparts (glucose conversion: 19-24%). Furthermore, following the fermentation of enzymatic hydrolysates from the crop branch samples (by Saccharomyces cerevisiae KCTC 7296) to ethanol, the ethanol concentration of short rotation coppice woody crops was found to be higher in the 3-year-old branch samples (~ 0.18 g/g dry matter) than in the 12-year-old branch samples (~ 0.14 g/g dry matter). These results suggest that immature wood (3-year-old branches) from short-rotation woody crops could be a promising feedstock for bioethanol production.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.27-41
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• 2024

In this study, we evaluated productivity, soil physiochemical properties, and soil microbial characteristics in Kimchi cabbage(Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis) cultivation within a highland environment during summer. Specifically, we examined the effect of different cropping systems, namely monoculture and rotation with soybean, over an 8-year cropping period. The results of our investigation revealed that significant differences were absent in terms of yield and soil physiochemical properties between the two cropping systems. However, microbial characteristics exhibited distinctive patterns. Bacterial diversity was significantly higher in the rotation system that in the monoculture, whereas fungal diversity demonstrated a preference for rotation although the result was not significant. Our findings identified the presence of Bradyrhizobium stylosanthis, a nitrogen-fixation symbiont, as an indicator ASV (amplicon sequence variant) in the rotation system, where it displayed significantly higher abundances. These observations suggest a potential positive effect of the rotation system on nitrogen fixation. Notably, throughout the cultivation period, both cropping systems did not exhibit critical disease incidences. However, Fusarium oxysporum, a well-known pathogen responsible for inducing fusarium wilt disease in Kimchi cabbage, was detected with significantly higher abundance in the monoculture system. This finding raises concerns about the potential risk associated with Kimchi cabbage cultivation in a long-term monoculture system.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2021년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.143-143
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• 2021

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.157-162
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• 1997

답전윤환(畓田輪換)에 따른 잡초발생 양상(樣相)을 구명하여 환경보존형(環境保全型) 잡초방제(雜草防除) 기술(技術)의 기초자료를 얻고자 수행한 결과 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 1. 답전윤환(畓田輪換)에 따른 초종별 우점도(優占度)를 보면 밭을 논으로 윤환(輪換)함으로서 방동사니, 피, 마디꽃, 밭뚝외풀, 여뀌 순으로 우점도(優占度)가 높았으며 반대로 논을 밭으로 윤환(輪換)함으로서 피, 바랭이, 방동사니, 밭뚝외풀 순으로 우점도(優占度)가 높았다. 2. 답전윤환(畓田輪換)에 의한 잡초방제(雜草防除) 효과(效果)는 74-78%로 밭을 논으로 윤환(輪換)함으로서 명아주, 바랭이, 환삼덩굴, 메꽃, 닭의장풀 등이 반대로 논을 밭으로 윤환(輪換)함으로서 마디꽃, 올챙이고랭이, 피 등이 감소(減少)하였다. 3. 답전윤환(畓田輪換)에 따른 초종별 유사성(類似性) 계수(係數)는 밭을 논으로 윤환(輪換)함으로서 8, 반대로 논을 밭으로 윤환(輪換)함으로서 64를 나타내었으며 Simpson index로 0.34-0.35로 나타나 답전윤환(畓田輪換)에 의해 군락내 초종이 매우 다양화(多樣化)되었다.