• Wind and Structures
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.367-384
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• 2017

The Maanshan Bridge over Yangtze River in China is a new long-span suspension bridge with double main spans of $2{\times}1080m$ and a closed streamline cross-section of single box deck. The flutter and buffeting performances were investigated via wind tunnel tests of a full bridge aeroelastic model at a geometric scale of 1:211. The tests were conducted in both smooth wind and simulated boundary layer wind fields. Emphasis is placed on studying the interference effect of adjacent span via installing a wind deflector and a wind separating board to shelter one span of the bridge model from incoming flow. Issues related to effects of mid-tower stiffness and deck supporting conditions are also discussed. The testing results show that flutter critical wind velocities in smooth flow, with a wind deflector, are remarkably lower than those without. In turbulent wind, torsional and vertical standard deviations for the deck responses at midspan in testing cases without wind deflector are generally less than those at the midspan exposed to wind in testing cases with wind deflector, respectively. When double main spans are exposed to turbulent wind, the existence of either span is a mass damper to the other. Furthermore, both effects of mid-tower stiffness and deck supporting conditions at the middle tower on the flutter and buffeting performances of the Maanshan Bridge are unremarkable.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.39-51
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• 1999

This study has an object to evaluate runoff characteristics with ILLUDAS model and SWMM owing to each rainfall distribution type of Huff's quartile and each rainfall duration time of 30 ,60, 120 and 180 minutes. As a result of this study, Type-Ⅰ Extreme (TIE) rainfall distribution pattern with Huff's 2nd quartile is adequate for Cheju volcanic island . To decide optimal rain fall duration , time of concentration and critical duration should be compared and analyzed each other. In this study, 30 and 120 miniutes were suggeste to iptiaml duration time of A and B study basins. It is concluded that the magnitude of peak runoff discharge is maximum with Huff's 4th quartile, and that of total runoff volume is maximum with Huff's 4th quartile for ILLUDAS model and with Huff's 1st quartile for SWMM. As rainfall duration time increasing is increasing . Also in case of total runoff volume, volumen by SWMM is less than by ILLUDAS model as to variation ratio of total runoff volume in A and B study basin. Therefore, the resulots of this study canb e sued as basic data in determining adequate rainfoal duration time and rainfall distribution type and used for urban drainage systems analysis and design at small urbanization catchment is Cheju volcanic island.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.18-29
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• 2004

Partial quenching structure of diffusion flames in a turbulent mixing layer has been investigated by the method of flame hole dynamics in oder to develope a prediction model for the phenomenon of turbulent flame lift off. The present study is specifically aimed to remedy the shortcoming of the stiff transition of the conditioned partial burning probability across the crossover condition by employing the level-set method which enables us to include the effect of finite flame edge propagation speed. In light of the level-set simulation results with two models for the edge propagation speed, the stabilizing conditions for turbulent lifted flame are suggested. The flame hole dynamics combined with the level-set method yields a temporally evolving turbulent extinction process and its partial quenching characteristics is compared with the results of the previous model employing the flame-hole random walk mapping based on three critical scalar dissipation rates. The probability to encounter reacting state, conditioned with scalar dissipation rate, demonstrated that the conditional probability has a rather gradual transition across the crossover scalar dissipation rate. Such a smooth transition is attributed to the finite response of the flame edge propagation.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제23권A호
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• pp.109-118
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• 2003

This paper is results of numerical works of investigating effects of horizontal drain arrangements on vacuum consolidation. Extensive numerical analyses were carried out to find the appropriate arrangements of horizontal drain of vacuum consolidation. Commercially available program of CRISP, well known to be good to modelling the behavior of clay material, was used Cam-clay model, based on the Critical State of Soil Mechanics(CSSM), was used to simulate the geotechnical engineering behavior of clay. Model test results carried out previously in the laboratory were compared with numerically estimated results and it was found that results about consolidational settlement with times were in good agreements. Based on this confirmation, parametric numerical study was performed to investigate effects of horizontal drain arrangements on vacuum consolidation with changing the vertical and horizontal spacings between drains for the given soil properties and vacuum. The effect of distance of drain located in top layer from the surface of the ground on the settlement due to vacuum was also investigated. As a results of numerical analyses, appropriate arrangements of horizontal drain to maximize the consolidation settlement due to vacuum were found. The mechanism of vacuum consolidation about the vacuum pressures being transferred to the effective stresses around drains was also evaluated.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.175-181
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• 2020

For the success of a structural integrity management, it is essential to acquire structural response data at some critical locations with limited number of sensors. In this study, the structural response of numerical model was estimated by data fusion approach based on the Kalman filter known as stochastic recursive filter. Firstly, transient direct analysis was conducted to calculate the acceleration and strain of the numerical standing beam model, then the noise signals were mixed to generate the numerical measurement signals. The acceleration measurement signal was provided to the Kalman filter as an information on the external load, and the displacement measurement, which was transformed from the strain measurement by using strain-displacement conversion relationship, was provided into the Kalman filter as an observation information. Finally, the Kalman filter estimated the displacement by combining both displacements calculated from each numerically measured signal, then the estimated results were compared with the results of the transient direct analysis.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.3204-3220
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• 2021

We perform the task of video object segmentation by incorporating a conditional random field (CRF) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Most methods employ a CRF to refine a coarse output from fully convolutional networks. Others treat the inference process of the CRF as a recurrent neural network and then combine CNNs and the CRF into an end-to-end model for video object segmentation. In contrast to these methods, we propose a novel higher-order CRF model to solve the problem of video object segmentation. Specifically, we use CNNs to establish a higher-order dependence among pixels, and this dependence can provide critical global information for a segmentation model to enhance the global consistency of segmentation. In general, the optimization of the higher-order energy is extremely difficult. To make the problem tractable, we decompose the higher-order energy into two parts by utilizing auxiliary variables and then solve it by using an iterative process. We conduct quantitative and qualitative analyses on multiple datasets, and the proposed method achieves competitive results.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2019

A chatter lobe analysis is frequently used to look at the chatter state. Even if there is a lot of research on chatter, chatter lobe characteristics are not well defined. In this study, the chatter lobe behavior according to several variables of vibration mode is verified for further clarity. The dynamic variables of the chatter model are defined and their behaviors on chatter lobe boundary are analyzed in detail. In this sense, the chatter model with 2-DOF (2-DOF) was used to analyze chatter stability characteristics. The discussed results are satisfying and these can be used for the prediction of chatter existence in machining processes of 2-DOF systems in several revolution range. These analyses indicate a better agreement for predicting an appropriate stability lobe over a wide detailed range of critical depths of cut in machining operation. The results allow an excellent prediction of chatter according to various static and dynamic variables in machining states. The behavior of chatter dynamic variables in machining were also discussed in detail. All these results can also be applied to other machining processes by establishing a chatter model in a 2-DOF system.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.231-243
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• 2022

Beam-column joints (BCJs) are recognized among the most crucial zones in reinforced concrete structures, as they are the critical elements subjected to a complex state of forces during a severe earthquake. Under such conditions, BCJs exhibit behaviors with impacts that extend to the whole structure and significantly influence its ductility and capability of dissipating energy. The focus of this paper is to investigate the effect of undamaged transverse beam (secondary beams) on the ductility of concrete BCJs reinforced with conventional steel and shape memory alloys bars using pushover analysis at tip of beam under different axial load levels at the column using a nonlinear finite element model in ABAQUS environment. A numerical model of a BCJ was constructed and the analysis outcomes were verified by comparing them to those obtained from previous experiments found in the literature. The comparison evidenced the capability of the calibrated model to predict the load capacity response of the joint. Results proved the ability of undamaged secondary beams to provide a noticeable improvement to the ductility of reinforced concrete joints, with a very negligible loss in load capacity. However, the effect of secondary beams can become less significant if the beams are damaged due to seismic effects. In addition, the axial load was found to significantly enhance the performance of BCJs, where the increase in axial load magnified the capacity of the joint. However, higher values of axial load resulted in greater initial stiffness of the BCJ.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2024

In this study, the influence of thermal aging on structural integrity is investigated for Gr. 91 steel. A commercial grade Gr. 91 steel is used for the virgin material, and service-exposed Gr. 91 steel is sampled from a steam pipe of a super critical plant. Time versus creep strain curves are obtained through creep tests with various stress levels at 600 ℃ for the virgin and service-exposed Gr. 91 steels, respectively. Based on the creep test results, the improved Omega model is characterized for describing the total creep strain curve for both Gr. 91 steels. The proposed parameters for creep deformation model are used for predicting the steady-state creep strain rate, creep rupture curve, and stress relaxation. Creep-fatigue damage is evaluated for the intermediate heat exchanger (IHX) in a large-scale sodium test facility of STELLA-2 by using creep deformation model with proposed creep parameters and creep rupture curve for both Gr. 91 steels. Based on the comparison results of creep fatigue damage for the virgin and service-exposed Gr. 91 steels, the thermal aging effect has been shown to be significant.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.2103-2118
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• 2024

Chinese herbal slices (CHS) automated recognition based on computer vision plays a critical role in the practical application of intelligent Chinese medicine. Due to the complexity and similarity of herbal images, identifying Chinese herbal slices is still a challenging task. Especially, easily-confused CHS have higher inter-class and intra-class complexity and similarity issues, the existing deep learning models are less adaptable to identify them efficiently. To comprehensively address these problems, a novel tiny easily-confused CHS dataset has been built firstly, which includes six pairs of twelve categories with about 2395 samples. Furthermore, we propose a ResNeSt-CHS model that combines multilevel perception fusion (MPF) and perceptive sparse fusion (PSF) blocks for efficiently recognizing easilyconfused CHS images. To verify the superiority of the ResNeSt-CHS and the effectiveness of our dataset, experiments have been employed, validating that the ResNeSt-CHS is optimal for easily-confused CHS recognition, with 2.1% improvement of the original ResNeSt model. Additionally, the results indicate that ResNeSt-CHS is applied on a relatively small-scale dataset yet high accuracy. This model has obtained state-of-the-art easily-confused CHS classification performance, with accuracy of 90.8%, far beyond other models (EfficientNet, Transformer, and ResNeSt, etc) in terms of evaluation criteria.