• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.1405-1414
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• 2011

This paper analyzes the impact of the change in telecommunication regulation on network investment such as the integration of telecommunication service. The integration of telecommunication service plays a role of separating the behavior regulation from entrance regulation and reducing a entrance constraints. Therefore, it is expected that the market spill over effect is high through the improvement of behavior regulation such as interconnection regulation, facilities provisions, retail price regulation, bundling, number portability of VoIP. This paper discusses the critical factor affecting the decision making process in respect of the firm level and analyzes the impact path guiding investment and innovation. Finally, the paper proposes the guideline for telecommunications policy.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.118-126
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• 1996

Memory hierarchy is a useful mechanism for improving the memory access speed and making the program space larger by layering the memories and separating program spaces from memory spaces. However, it needs at least two memory accesses for each data reference : a TLB(Translation Lookaside Buffer) access for the address translation and a data cache access for the desired data. If the cache size increases to the multiplication of page size and the cache associativity, it is difficult to access the TLB with the cache in parallel, thereby making longer the critical timing path in the processor. To achieve such parallel accesses, we present the hybrid mapped TLB which combines a direct mapped TLB with a very small fully-associative mapped TLB. The former can reduce the TLB access time. while the latter removes the conflict misses from the former. The trace-driven simulation shows that under given workloads the proposed TLB is effective even when a fully-associative mapped TLB with only four entries is added because the effects of its increased misses are offset by its speed benefits.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.65-77
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• 2014

A consistent agreement has been made among researchers with regards to entrepreneurship as a critical determinant in fostering and promoting start-up new businesses. Many prior studies claim that entrepreneurial education plays a significant role in facilitating and enforcing entrepreneurship among people, and consequently it leads to active creation of new businesses. This study examines practical effectiveness of entrepreneurial education being provided by universities for university students. The findings of the study are summarized as followings. The effect of entrepreneurial education was significantly influencing on entrepreneurial intention of university students. It also turned out entrepreneurial education delivered a significant effect on forming both entrepreneurial motivation and self-efficacy of university students. Mediating effect was appeared partially over the path between entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial intention by self-efficacy and entrepreneurial motivation. Discussion and practical implication on the findings are addressed and provided.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.210-221
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• 1997

Background : Willingness to satisfy patients(WSP) among nurses is essential to promoting patient satisfaction which is a critical component in the quality of health care and its outcomes. This study was carried out to empirically find out the affecting factors of WSP among nurses in hospital settings. Methods : The model contains seven job relating determinants and two intervening variables as follows: i) job relating variables of professional status, task requirements, pay, physician-nurse interaction, nurse-nurse interaction, organizational policies, and autonomy, ii) intervening variables of job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Data were collected from 205 nurses in two general hospitals owned by one foundation located in Pusan, Korea, using a structured and self-administered questionnaire. Results : The major results were as follows: First, the results of ANOVA on WPS by personal characteristics showed a statistically significant relationships between WPS and hierarchical orders(p<.01) ana tenure(p<.10). Comparing with the lower orders and shorter tenure, the higher orders and the longer tenure showed better WPS. Second, the results of simple correlation analysis between WPS and determinants and intervening variables showed the following variables, in order of importance, were statistically significant(p<.01): work satisfaction(+), organizational commitment(+), task requirements(+), nurse-interaction(+), professional status(+), physician-nurse interaction(+). Third, the results of path analysis showed that two intervening variables of job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and three determinants of task requirements, professional status, and nurse-nurse interaction had a positively significant direct effect to WPS. Conclusion : The results suggest that nurses who are more satisfied with task requirements, status, nurse-nurse interaction, overall job satisfaction, and organizational commitment, will behave in ways that patients find more satisfied.

• KCID journal
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.87-100
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• 2011

This study is to delineate the watershed hydrological parameters such as area, slope, rain gauge weight, NRCS-CN and time of concentration (Tc) by using the Geographic Information Sytem (GIS) technique, and estimation of design flood for an ungauged watershed. Especially, we attempted to determine the Tc of ungauged watershed and develop simple program using the cell-based algorithm to calculates upstream or downstream flow time along a flow path for each cell. For a $19km^2$ watershed of tributary of Nakdong river (Seupmoon), the parameters including flow direction, flow accumulation, watershed boundary, stream network and Tc map were extracted from 30m Agreeburn DEM (Digital Elevation Model) and landcover map. And NRCS-CN was extracted from 30m landcover map and soil map. Design rainfall estimation for two rainfall gauge which are Sunsan and Jangcheon using FARD2006 that developed by National Institute for Disaster Prevention (NIDP). Using the parameters as input data of HEC-l model, the design flood was estimated by applying Clark unit hydrograph method. The results showed that the design flood of 50 year frequency of this study was $8m^3/sec$ less than that of the previous fundamental plan in 1994. The value difference came from the different application of watershed parameter, different rainfall distribution (Huff quartile vs. Mononobe) and critical durations. We could infer that the GIS-based parameter preparation is more reasonable than the previous hand-made extraction of watershed parameters.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2007

In this paper, we describe the performance degradation of satellite Wibro system and compensation method in the high-speed railroad channel environment. High-speed railroad channel environment is divided into LOS channel and tunnel. In the LOS channel, signal blocking caused by railroad power feeder structures can be a critical problem which is can be solved with antenna diversity. On the other hand, multi path interference phenomenon, representable by propagation model of Optic Fiber, occurred in the tunnel may be another obstacle. These satellite Wibro system performance degradations in railroad channel environment are addressed and adequate compensation methods are proposed and verified through computer simulation. In addition, the ICI caused by Doppler shift in OFDM system is analyzed with its compensation method.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.9A
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• pp.850-857
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• 2005

Sensor networks consist of sensor nodes with small size, low cost, lowpower consumption, and multi-functions to sense, to process and to communicate. The main issue in sensor networks has been focused on minimizing power consumption of sensors to maximize network life time. In some critical applications, however, the most important issue is to transmitsensing information to the end user (the sink node) with reliability. Reliable information forwarding using multiple paths in sensor networks (ReinForM) has been proposed to achieve desired reliability in the error-prone channel, but it needs increasing transmission riverhead as the channel error rate becomes high and the number of hops between the source node and the sink node increases. In this paper, we propose a reliable transmission rnechanissmusing intermediate source nodes in sensor networks (ReTrust) to reduce packet overhead while keeping the desired reliability. ReTrust has beenshown to provide desired reliability and reduced overhead via simulationsand analysis.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.5A
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• pp.493-500
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• 2006

This paper presents the efficient structure and parameter optimization of downlink beamforming transmitter in OFDMA/TDD system. To design downlink beamforming transmitter for multiple transmit antennas, an efficient beamforming structure for multiple users and the choice of word-length of each block are critical in the aspect of its performance and hardware complexity. We propose an efficient beamforming scheme, which stores the weights of subcarriers into memory without user identification at the receiver of base station and calculates the weights for corresponding user in a subcarrier unit of IFFT input at high speed. Also, we obtain the word-length of main data path and other design parameters by fixed-point simulation analysis. The proposed architecture could reduce the memory size proportional to the maximum number of users per frame, and the processing time of an OFDM symbol at the receiver of base station without the need of additional processing time for calculating the weights at the transmitter.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.5 no.12
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• pp.615-622
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• 2016

Automotive control software can be a source of critical safety issues when developers do not comply system constraints. However, a violation is difficult to identify in complicated source code if not supported by an automated verification tool. This paper introduces two possible approaches that check whether an automotive control software complies API call constraints to compare their performance and effectiveness. One method statically analyzes the source code and explores all possible execution paths, and the other utilizes a model checker to monitor constraint violations for a given set of constraint automata. We have implemented both approaches and performed a series of experiments showing that the approach with model-checking finds constraint violations more accurately and scales better.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.215-225
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• 2018

The purpose of this is to understand critical roles of contact employees' organization citizenship behaviors (OCBs) in customers' evaluation of service quality. This paper examines the relationship of employees' OCBs with job satisfaction, trust in manager, and customer's perceived service quality in deluxe hotel. The empirical results show that contact employee' job satisfaction and trust in manager are significantly related to OCB and that their active engagement in OCB has a positive relationship with the perception of service quality. Although there exists a significant common method factor possibly influencing the strength of the relationship, this factor did not affect the overall pattern of significant relationship. Another notable finding indicates that, unlike a global OCB measure, path estimates in the relationship of job satisfaction and trust to OCB variable are not similar and suggests that the multiple facets of OCBs provide more detailed information than a global OCB.