• 제목/요약/키워드: Critical consciousness

검색결과 122건 처리시간 0.022초

Awareness during general anesthesia despite simultaneous bispectral index and end-tidal anesthetic gas concentration monitoring

  • Lee, Jungwon;Park, Chorong;Kim, Saeyoung
    • Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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    • 제36권1호
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    • pp.50-53
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    • 2019
  • Awareness during general anesthesia occurs in approximately 0.1-0.2% of cases; nevertheless, particular attention is required because it can lead to critical complications including insomnia, depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. To prevent these complications, bispectral index (BIS) and end-tidal anesthetic gas (ETAG) concentration monitoring are commonly used to examine patient consciousness during surgery. In the present case, an 80-year-old man was scheduled for total gastrectomy. Anesthesia was maintained using desflurane 4.0-5.0% vol, oxygen, and nitrous oxide. The authors simultaneously monitored BIS, which was maintained between 37 and 43, and ETAG, which was maintained between 0.9 and 1.2 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC). After the operation, however, the authors were surprised to learn that the patient complained of awareness during anesthesia. Although BIS and ETAG concentration monitoring are useful in preventing awareness during anesthesia, they cannot be completely trusted. Even though BIS was maintained at approximately 40 and ETAG at 0.7-1.3 MAC, awareness during anesthesia occurred.

결혼이주여성 노후생활인식과 사회활동 및 여가활동이 노후준비의식에 미치는 영향 -충청남도를 중심으로- (Effects of Married Female Immigrants' Consciousness of Later Life and Social-Leisure Activities on Their Preparation Perception for Their Later Life in Choongchungnam-Do)

  • 문미;송선희
    • 디지털융복합연구
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    • 제12권7호
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    • pp.379-387
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    • 2014
  • 본 연구의 목적은 결혼이주여성의 노후생활인식과 사회활동 및 여가활동이 노후준비의식에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이었다. 연구자료는 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 2013년 충청남도지역에 거주하는 결혼이주여성들 355명으로부터 수집하였으며, 분석은 SPSS 18.0프로그램과 회귀분석방법을 이용하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 결혼이주여성의 정서적 노후준비의식은 여가활동이 많고 사회활동이 많으며 노후에 대한 생각과 노후계획을 많이 할수록 높았다. 둘째, 결혼이주여성의 신체적 노후준비의식은 여가활동이 많고 노후계획 준비를 많이 할수록 결혼기간이 짧을수록 높았다. 셋째, 결혼이주여성의 경제적 노후준비의식은 사회활동이 많고 노후계획 준비를 많이 할수록 높았다. 이러한 결과를 통해 결혼이주여성들의 노후준비의식 수준을 향상 시킬 수 있는 정책 입안의 필요성이 논의되었다.

대학생 소비자능력 측정을 위한 척도개발: 소비자교육효과 측정을 중심으로 (Developing Standards for Measuring Consumers' Ability of College Student: Focus on the Consumer Education Effects)

  • 서인주
    • 가족자원경영과 정책
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    • 제13권4호
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    • pp.115-139
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    • 2009
  • This study focused on the development of a scale measuring the effect of consumer education. The purposes of this study were to develop a tool which could measure consumer knowledge, consumer attitudes and consumer behavior. Data were collected from 266 college students. Analysis was done using frequency, cross tabulation analysis, reliability test, principle components factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (Amos 5.0), and multiple regression analysis. The results from this study were as follows: 1) Nine consumer knowledge factors (23-items) were identified: consciousness of consumer education and evaluation, consumer rights and allowance management, methods of consumer education and consumer institutions, green energy and environmental consumption, essence and content of consumer education, consumer rights and consumer duty, critical consideration and consumer's damage salvation, buying minds and decision-making, independent consumers. Total variance was 58.4%. Cronbach's alpha for the nine factors ranged from .68-.79. 2) Five consumer attitude factors (26-items) were identified: green environmental consumption, consumer's role and rights, resources saving and consumer's damage salvation, consciousness of consumers, and right consumption. Total variance was 59.2%. Cronbach's alpha for the five factors ranged from .89-.94. 3) Seven consumer behavior factors (27-items) were identified: social role and rights of consumer and consumer movement, right buying and segregated garbage collection, green environmental consumption and resources saving, altruism and decision-making, allowance management and impulse buying, consumer's damage salvation, and consciousness of consumer. The total variance was 59.1%. Cronbach's alpha for the seven factors ranged from .77-.88. Finally, a scale measuring the effect of consumer education consisting of 76 items (consumer knowledge: 23 items (9 factors), consumer attitude: 26 items (5 factors), consumer behavior: 27 items (7 factors)) was constructed.

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비판교육학에 의한 세계시민교육의 이해 (Understanding Global Citizenship Education as Critical Pedagogy)

  • 허창수
    • 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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    • 제17권9호
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    • pp.225-234
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    • 2017
  • 최근 들어 미래 교육의 한 방향으로 세계시민교육이 논의되고 있다. 국외의 활발한 논의와는 달리 국내에서는 시작 단계라고 할 수 있다. 따라서 세계시민교육의 학문적 방향을 위해서는 다양한 연구 방향이 제안되고 있다. 그중 가장 중요하게 여겨지고 있는 것이 바로 세계시민교육을 위한 이론적 배경이다. 이것에 대한 활발한 논의가 전개되어야 세계시민교육이 지향하는 바와 향후 다양한 연구 방향의 지표가 분명해지기 때문이다. 국외 선행연구들에서 살펴보면 세계시민교육의 배경 이론으로 탈근대주의, 탈식민주의, 그리고 비판이론이 논의되는 것을 알 수 있다. 이들을 모두 포함할 수 있는 이론적 배경은 특히 교육이라는 영역적 특성을 담은 것으로서 비판교육학이라고 할 수 있다. 이것이 가진 의식, 이성, 합리성의 해방은 세계시민교육이 현시점에서 취해야 할 중요한 방향과 일치한다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 세계시민교육의 이론적 배경 중 하나로서 비판교육학은 중요한 위치에 있다고 할 수 있다. 본 논의는 비판교육학이 세계시민교육의 이론적 배경으로 타당함을 주장하고 있다.

A Critical Note on the Electric Field in Direct and Alternating Current and Its Consciousness

  • Oh, Hung-Kuk
    • 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국감성과학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.98-104
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    • 2000
  • The conventional model did not take momentum conservation into consideration when the electron absorbs and emits the photons. II-ray provides momentum conservations on any directions of the entering photons, and also the electrons have radial momentum conservations and fully elastic bouncing between two atoms, in the new atom model. Conventional atom model must be criticized on the following four points. (1) Natural motions between positive and negative entities are not circular motions but linear going and returning ones, for examples sexual motion, tidal motion, day and night etc. Because the radius of hydrogen atom's electron orbit is the order of 10$^{-11}$ m and the radia of the nucleons in the nucleus are the order of 10$^{-14}$ m and then the converging $\pi$-gamma rays to the nucleus have so great circular momentum, the electron can not have a circular motion. We can say without doubt that any elementary mass particle can have only linear motion, because of the $\pi$-rays'hindrances, nearthenucleus. (2) Potential energy generation was neglected when electron changes its orbit from outer one to inner one. The h v is the kinetic energy of the photo-electron. The total energy difference between orbits comprises kinetic and potential energies. (3) The structure of the space must be taken into consideration because the properties of the electron do not change during the transition from outer orbit to inner one even though it produces photon. (4) Total energy conservation law applies to the energy flow between mind and matter because we daily experiences a interconnection between mind and body. Conventional Concept of Electric Field must be extended in the case of the direct and alternating current. Conventional concept is based on coulomb's force while the electric potential in the direct and alternating current is from Gibb's free energy. And also conventional concept has not any consciousness with human being but the latters has a conscious sensibility. The cell emf is from the kinetic energy of the open $\pi$-rays flow through the conducting wire. The electric potential in alternating current is from that the trans-orbital moving of the induced change of magnetic field in the wire produces flows of open $\pi$-rays, which push the rotating electrons on the orbital and then make the current flow. Human consciousness can induce a resonance with the sensibility of the open $\pi$-rays in the electric measuring equipment. Specially treated acupunctures with Nasucon is for sending an acupunctural effect from one place to another via space by someone's will power.

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메를로-퐁티의 근대적 역사관 비판 (Merleau-Ponty's Critical Examination on the Modern View of History)

  • 류의근
    • 철학연구
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    • 제142권
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    • pp.75-97
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    • 2017
  • 이 연구는 메를로-퐁티의 실존적 역사 이론에 의거해서 헤겔과 마르크스의 역사관을 비판적으로 검토하고 결론적으로 평가하는 것으로 구성된다. 이 글은 다음과 같이 전개된다. 헤겔에서 역사적 경험은 절대 정신의 자기 전개 과정으로서 이해되고 이것은 변증법적으로 서술된다. 그리고 헤겔의 역사는 절대 정신의 실현을 향해 달려가는 보편적 목적론의 역사이다. 이러한 헤겔의 목적론적 역사관은 인간이 역사에 의미를 줄 수 있고 이성에 목적을 줄 수 있었던 일이 어떻게 가능한가 하는 문제, 바꾸어 말해서 의미가 어디서 나오는가 하는 문제 즉 의미 가능성의 문제를 전제한다. 이 문제와 관련해서 헤겔은 역사의 의미와 목적의 지각적 토대 즉 육화된 자기 의식에서 해명하지 못했다. 마르크스에서 역사의 주체는 프롤레타리아 또는 계급 의식이다. 그리고 계급은 생산 관계에 의해서 산출된 사회적 실재이다. 그러나 계급은 체험된 실재로 존재하지 않으면 현실화할 수 없다. 계급 없는 사회를 가져오는 계급 투쟁 역시 우리 자신이 우리에게 프롤레타리아 의식으로 가치 부여하는 의식이 없으면 촉발될 수 없다. 계급 의식의 탄생과 투쟁의 시작은 노동자가 타자의 주체성 및 물질적 대상 세계와 만나고 협력하고 대결하면서 자신의 생활 세계의 구조와 의미를 지각하기 시작하고 이해하며 혁신하게 되는 시간적 경과를 거치면서이다. 결론적으로 그것은 우리의 육화된 실존이 세계와 교섭하는 데서 구성되는 의미 없이는 불가능하다.

화학 사고 예방을 위한 Plant 건설 종사자의 Tool Box Meeting이 재해예방행동에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Tool Box Meeting of Plant Construction Workers on Disaster Prevention Behavior for Chemical Accident Prevention)

  • 오일환;김상길;조규선
    • 산업진흥연구
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    • 제8권4호
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    • pp.47-60
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    • 2023
  • 본 연구의 목적은 건설종사자의 TBM을 통한 건강신념요인이 재해예방행동에 미치는 영향에서 자기효능감과 안전의식의 매개효과를 파악하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 건강 관련 행동을 예측하고 설명하기 위해 개발된 사회심리학적 건강 행동 변화 모델인 건강신념이론의 주요 변수들을 적용한 연구모형을 제시하였다. 본 연구의 연구모형을 실증적으로 검증하기 위해 화학 Plant 건설 TBM을 활용한 경험이 있는 건설종사자들을 대상으로 설문 조사를 하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 화학 Plant 건설을 활용한 건설종사자의 지각된 심각성은 자기효능감과 안전의식에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 화학 Plant 건설을 활용한 건설종사자의 지각된 개연성은 자기효능감과 안전의식에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 화학 Plant 건설을 활용한 건설종사자의 지각된 장애는 자기효능감과 안전의식에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 화학 Plant 건설을 활용한 건설종사자의 지각된 이익은 자기효능감과 안전의식에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 목적은 TBM을 통해 화학 Plant 건설종사자의 재해예방행동으로 중대 재해를 감소시키고자 한다.

The Significance of Sedation Control in Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation

  • Jung, Yun Jung;Chung, Wou Young;Lee, Miyeon;Lee, Keu Sung;Park, Joo Hun;Sheen, Seung Soo;Hwang, Sung Chul;Park, Kwang Joo
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제73권3호
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    • pp.151-161
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    • 2012
  • Background: Adequate assessment and control of sedation play crucial roles in the proper performance of mechanical ventilation. Methods: A total of 30 patients with various pulmonary diseases were prospectively enrolled. The study population was randomized into two groups. The sedation assessment group (SAG) received active protocol-based control of sedation, and in the empiric control group (ECG), the sedation levels were empirically adjusted. Subsequently, daily interruption of sedation (DIS) was conducted in the SAG. Results: In the SAG, the dose of midazolam was significantly reduced by control of sedation (day 1, $1.3{\pm}0.5{\mu}g/kg/min$; day 2, $0.9{\pm}0.4{\mu}g/kg/min$; p<0.01), and was significantly lower than the ECG on day 2 (p<0.01). Likewise, on day 2, sedation levels were significantly lower in the SAG than in the ECG. Significant relationship was found between Ramsay sedation scale and Richmond agitation-sedation scale (RASS; $r_s$=-0.57), Ramsay Sedation Scale and Bispectral Index (BIS; $r_s$=0.77), and RASS and BIS ($r_s$=-0.79). In 10 patients, who didn't require re-sedation after DIS, BIS showed the earliest and most significant changes among the sedation scales. Ventilatory parameters showed significant but less prominent changes, and hemodynamic parameters didn't show significant changes. No seriously adverse events ensued after the implementation of DIS. Conclusion: Active assessment and control of sedation significantly reduced the dosage of sedatives in patients receiving mechanical ventilation. DIS, conducted in limited cases, suggested its potential efficacy and tolerability.

농촌체험 마을경관의 보전가치평가 연구 (A study on conservative Value Evaluation for landscape of the Rural Tourism villages)

  • 손호기;김상범
    • 농촌지도와개발
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    • 제17권4호
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    • pp.897-918
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    • 2010
  • This paper researches conservative value evaluation of rural tourism villages with "CVM(Contingent Valuation Method)" focusing on visitor to offer the guide for preservation and management in landscape of rural tourism villages based on critical consciousness for conservation and utilization by regional development. The option value is 37,624won(36.7%), the bequest value is 34,856won(34.0%), existence value is 30,073 won(29.3%), and overall average willingness to pay of conservation value is 102,517won(100.0%) for conservative value of sesim-village in Kyung-Ju. The results show that landscape of rural tourism villages has great value historically and culturally. In conclusion, it suggested that planners and staffs of rural tourism villages recognize that it is positively necessary to be considered not only multiple landscape index but also conservation policy in process of development planning in rural tourism villages.

Laminar Cortical Necrosis (Polioencephalomalacia) caused by Postoperative Fluid Overload in a Dog with Pyometra

  • Jeong, Yoon-Soo;Kim, Ill-Hwa;Kang, Hyun-Gu
    • 한국임상수의학회지
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    • 제34권2호
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    • pp.98-102
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    • 2017
  • A 7-year-old, intact, female Siberian husky presented with vomiting and diarrhea after a fight with a dog with which it lived. The bitch was diagnosed with pyometra and severe dehydration. The patient received IV fluid therapy for 2 day pre- and post-operatively. Four days post-surgery, the patient had a decreased level of consciousness and suffered a tonic-clonic generalized seizure. On magnetic resonance imaging and histopathological findings, a diagnosis of laminar cortical necrosis caused by fluid overload was made. This case provides important information on the potential for fluid overload in a dehydrated patient giving rise to critical condition and death.