• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.93-99
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• 2015

Purpose - It has been argued that the regulations restricting entry and opening hours of General Super Markets and Super Super Markets have not been as effective as expected. In contrast, the win-win item scheme that appeared recently has the advantage that it could raise the effectiveness of the system in that win-win items are in principle resigned on the basis of bilateral agreements. This study analyzes the win-win item agreement made between Homeplus at Hap-jung and small traditional markets to examine the practical effectiveness of the win-win item scheme. While existing literature studying the regulatory effects have concentrated on the restrictions around store entry or opening hours of large retailers, it can be said that there have been few empirical studies on the effect of win-win items agreement with large retailers. Research design, data, and methodology - Homeplus at Hap-jung made a win-win items agreement with nearby small traditional market traders in 2013. In accordance with this voluntary agreement, Homeplus started by limiting its sales to 15 win-win items. The survey was conducted through one-on-one interviews, April 14 to May 2, 2014, by a professional public opinion research agency. The interviews were targeted at small business retailers in the nearby traditional market. We divided the traditional markets near Homeplus at Hap-jung where the win-win item agreement was achieved into two groups, win-win item agreement markets and non win-win item agreement markets, to compare the performance difference between the two groups. Results - To determine the change in sales of the 15 win-win items, we examined the performance difference between the two groups using two criteria (compared with similar items, and compared to sales volume a year ago). The results show that the individual sales of win-win items in the win-win item agreement markets are more likely to increase than in the non win-win item agreement markets. Total sales volume of individual stores in the agreement markets also showed a more significant increase compared to a year ago than those in non win-win item agreement markets. Conclusions - Contrary to the existing retail regulations that have one-sided and uniform characteristics, it can be pointed out that the win-win item scheme has the effect of increasing the success of the system itself because it is done on the basis of mutual agreement between General Super Markets and traditional markets. The empirical results of this study can be said to support this conjecture. For the successful settlement of a win-win items agreement, the following points should be reviewed. First, it requires a great effort from the selection process of win-win items in order to improve the effectiveness of the agreement. Second, the existing General Super Markets customers should be introduced to the traditional markets or small shops to increase the sales of win-win items. Therefore, voluntary effort is essentially required from the traditional markets to engage customers.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.66 no.5
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• pp.51-65
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• 2024

With the advancement of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) technology, aerial spraying has been rapidly increasing in the agricultural field. Drones offer many advantages compared to traditional applicators, but they pose challenges such as spray drift risk and spray uniformity. To address these issues, it is essential to understand the characteristics of complex airflow generated by drones and its consequences for the spray performance. This study aims to identify the air velocity distribution of drone downwash and the resulting spray deposition distribution on the ground, ultimately proposing optimized spraying widths and criteria. Experiments were conducted using two agricultural drones with different propeller arrangements under various flight and measurement conditions. The results showed that during hovering, the downward airflow affected the area within a distance of the radius of the blade (R) from the center of the drone. When the drone was flying, the downward airflow was effective up to a distance of 2R. Droplet deposition was concentrated at the center of the drone during hovering. However, during flying, the droplet deposition was more evenly distributed up to the distance of R. The drone downwash and droplet deposition were significantly different during flying compared to the hovering state. At an effective spray width of 3R, the coefficient of variation (CV) was generally less than 16%, indicating a significant improvement in spray uniformity. These findings help optimize effective spraying techniques in drone-based applications.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.83-90
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• 2010

In modern society, there has been an increase in needs to protect the life and property of the people, because the number of various crimes is on the increase due to the sudden and complicated changes of the urban environment. For the needs, security persons in the urban area are expanding the role and skill of police for more effective crime prevention and surveillance, although the number of policeman/woman is insufficient and their tasks are hard. Recently, a system to observe and prevent crime in effective has been introduced by using such an artificial surveillance device as CCTV to monitor focusing on one area for 24 hours. However, the system brings such problems as the insufficiency of systematic criteria to install surveillance device and the invasion of privacy. Therefore, in this study, artificial surveillance zones to monitor crimes are selected by applying spatial features between artificial surveillance devices including CCTV and crime occurrence place, and using GIS spatial analysis techniques. As a result of selecting, it's found that the number of CCTV is absolutely insufficient and spatial distribution is not fully considered in the existing location of installed CCTV.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2008

The end plates of fuel cell assemblies are used to fasten the inner stacks, reduce the contact pressure, and provide a seal between Membrane-Electrode Assemblies (MEAs). They therefore require sufficient mechanical strength to withstand the tightening pressure, light weight to obtain high energy densities, and stable chemical/electrochemical properties, as well as provide electrical insulation. The design criteria for end plates can be divided into three parts: the material, connecting method, and shape. In the past, end plates were made from metals such as aluminum, titanium, and stainless steel alloys, but due to corrosion problems, thermal losses, and their excessive weight, alternative materials such as plastics have been considered. Composite materials consisting of combinations of two or more materials have also been proposed for end plates to enhance their mechanical strength. Tie-rods have been traditionally used to connect end plates, but since the number of connecting parts has increased, resulting in assembly difficulties, new types of connectors have been contemplated. Ideas such as adding reinforcement or flat plates, or using bands or boxes to replace tie-rods have been proposed. Typical end plates are rectangular or cylindrical solid plates. To minimize the weight and provide a uniform pressure distribution, new concepts such as ribbed-, bomb-, or bow-shaped plates have been considered. Even though end plates were not an issue in fuel cell system designs in the past, they now provide a great challenge for designers. Changes in the materials, connecting methods, and shapes of an end plate allow us to achieve lighter, stronger end plates, resulting in more efficient fuel cell systems.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.30 no.7
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• pp.390-395
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• 2011

This paper covers the studies on common voice parameters through the voice analysis of female main news anchors on weekday evening by the station, and differences of relative voices and sounds among stations. To examine voice characteristics, 6 voice parameters were analyzed and it showed anchors of each station had distinctive characteristics of voices and phonations over all fields except the speech rate, and there were also differences in sound systems. As major analysis parameters, basic pitch, tone of the 1st formant and pitch ratio, level of closeness by pitch bandwidth, type of sentence closing through average pitch position within pitch bandwidth, average speech rate, and acoustic tone analysis by energy distribution by frequency band were used. Analyzed values and results could be referred to and utilized in the criteria of phonation characteristics for domestic female news anchors.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.29-44
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• 2012

If cultural Heritageis located in the downtown, conservation areas was developed or is being developed In most cases Therefore, in this case, the relative height of the building during construction than the regulatory limit is reasonable, is emerging need to be objectified. This study was utilizes GIS analysis techniques for 'View Corridor' and building height standards were determined. First, 'View Corridor' set and building height restrictions for the analysis of urban environmental factors were analyzed in. In particular, the topography and urban planning, and existing buildings, including the distribution of the physical urban environment, with detailed analysis on the major historical and cultural assets with a combination of a review of the impact factor for the formation of the urban landscape recognize the scope has been expanded. Second, the key selection criteria for View point largely focused on cultural Heritageand the surrounding communicative point of view and, consequently, connectivity, and symbolism, accessibility, analysis, factors such as Prospect, setting the standards by applying a detailed assessment of each item the main view point were derived. Third, the derived key View point on the terrain and landscape characteristics simulation analysis carried out by considering together the main axis, and this suggests a reasonable height for the proposed standards.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.728-733
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• 2005

The frequency and distribution of lymphoma caused by bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection in various organs were investigated. Lymphoma samples were obtained from slaughtered cattle or from cattle submitted to the National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, Korea. Thirty female Holstein-Friesian dairy cattle aged over three years with the BLV-associated lymphoma were studied. None of the Korean native cattle (Hanwoo) had lymphoma in this study however. Lymphoma tissues were gray to pink in color, soft in consistency, and bulged from the cut surface. In advanced lymphoma tissues, there was great variety in the appearance of involved structures due to hemorrhage, necrosis, and/or calcification. Neoplastic tissues were observed in lymph nodes in all lymphoma cases. Intestine (96.4%), heart (88.9%), stomach (73.1%), and diaphragm (62.5%) were frequently involved with lymphoma. However, there was no lymphoma detected in liver. Large neoplastic masses, sometimes reaching the size of over 20 cm, were found in the abdominal cavities. It is suggested that metastasis of lymphomas occurs mainly via lymph based on gross observations; neoplasia may have been initiated in the serosal surface of the lung, heart, peritoneum, and numerous hollow organs in the abdominal cavity. Also many organs in the abdominal and thoracic cavity were affected by neoplastic tissues simultaneously. Characteristics observed in this study could be used as criteria to differentiate BLV-associated lymphoma from other nodular lesions in the slaughterhouse and as fundamental data to make clear the mechanism of metastasis or pathogenesis of EBL.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.291-298
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• 2013

A science museum responds independently based on the exhibits and exhibition environments as the visitors are different in purposes, interests and demands. Therefore a science museum should be designed keeping it in mind that there are various ways for visitors to perceive and use the exhibition spaces and exhibits. The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the characteristics of sensory receptors for the exhibits in National Museum of Nature and Science's Global Gallery, Tokyo, in terms of information transmission and to identify the nature of exhibit medium that can affect the perception and recognition of the exhibits by visitors. Through these 9 sensory receptors, human recognizes first with visual, auditory and olfactory senses and reacts using vestibular organ, proprioceptor (stretch), tangoreceptor, themoreceptor, taste and olfactory senses. Human uses these information processing to recolonize the external environment. This process is similar to the visitor's information transmission process for the exhibition medium. By dividing the analysis results per exhibition theme and developing the information transmission processing types per sensory receptor, we could understand that the distribution conditions are closely connected with the composition of the exhibition scenario in the exhibtion area. Especially, the understanding of how the information transmission is made through sensory receptors could can be the criteria that determines on the factors that can identify the exhibition purposes of a science museum which are eduction and understanding.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.74-77
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• 2005

The injection of cement stabilizer is used as one of ways to stabilize soft sea-bottom. However, this method makes an argument for the possibility of releasing heavy metals from the cement stabilizer to the seawater. To investigate the effect of the cement stabilizer on the seawater, field measurements were carried out in Ocheon harbor of the Chunsoo Bay. Although the highest concentrations of dissolved heavy metals were found in the surface seawater of the injection point and the metal concentrations decreased with distances, the levels of heavy metals in all the seawater met the demand of environmental criteria of Korea, US and UK.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.93-104
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• 2002

The following is a list of morphologic and genetic characteristics of Pinellia tuber. 1. The original plant of Pinellia tuber is Pinellia ternata$(T_{HUNB})$$B_{REIT}$. With regards to its external morphology, it is smaller than other Araceae species and its spadix is longer than its leaves, which trifurcate. 2. As regards its internal morphology, its mucous cell is elliptical and the vessel is helical or annular-shaped. Granules exist in abundance and in various shapes. 3. Distribution and size of laticifers are the key criteria on which to differentiate between domestic and imported Pinellia tuber. Laticifers are mainly distributed in the epidermis in domestic Pinellia tuber and in the cortical parenchyma in imported Pinellia tuber. The size of laticifers is somewhere between 1,3 and $8{\mu}m$ in diameter in imported Pinellia tuber bigger than its domestic counterpart. 4. RAPD markers display a great similarity in bands between domestic and Chinese Pinellia tuber. However, RAPD primers 352, 358, 365, 368 and 374 are distinctive markers for domestic Pinellia tuber. In the meantime, North Korean Pinellia tuber, morphologically similar to domestic Pinellia tuber, is genertically distinctive from its domestic counterpart in primers 354, 358, 365, 368, 374 and 379, a finding that supports the postulation that North Korean Pinellia tuber is tuber of another Araceae species.