• Applied Microscopy
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.169-176
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• 1987

Naturally occurring canine transmissible venereal tumors of genital organs in mature and regressive stages from 6 dogs were examined by transmission electron microscope. The tumor cells at the stage of maturation were comprised of large round and ovoid cells with prominent nuclei and nucleoli, a few spindle-shaped cells, and irregularly shaped cells. The mature round cells were characterized by the presence of a central ovoid to irregularly round nucleus with a large eccentric nucleolus, vesicular endoplasmic reticulum, round to oval swollen mitochondria with few cristae, Golgi's apparatus, and plasma membranes with numerous microvilli. As the tumor degenerated, the tumor cells were increased in the number of spindle-shaped, fibroblast-like and irregularly shaped cells, collagen bundles, and mainly lymphocytes, in contrast to those of the stage of maturation. Regressing tumor cells were characterized by the swelling and vacuolation of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, membrane-bound granules, lamellar complex, tubular structures, and dense bundles of collagen. It was suggested that transformation might occur in the course of tumor growth causing morphological change from the round to the fibroblast-like cells, and that there was the evidence of cell-mediated tumor cell lysis by lymphocyte infiltration.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.736-752
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• 1995

Fine structural changes of germ cell during the gametogenesis of Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli sampled in west coast of Korea were investigated from September 1993 to August 1994. In a layer of microvilli of oocyte with active yolk duplication, many pinocytotic vesicles containing protein granules regarded as yolk precursors were observed. The multivesicular bodies were formed by gathered mitochondria. They are participated in formation of the primary yolk globules homogeneously filled with high dense particles and enclosed within a limiting membrane. The precursors of yolk globule appeared to be formed by modification of mitochondria and they developed into the primary yolk globules with participation of large and dense pinocytotic vesicles. Yolk globules in mature oocyte were consisted of three components: the crystalline type main body, the superficial layer with dense and fine granules, and the limiting membrane. Steroid hormone secreting cells were recognized in the interstitial cells of growing testis. Numerous endoplasmic reticula and large mitochondria with well developed tubular cristae appeared in their cytoplasms. The axoneme in the tail flagellum of spermatozoon consisted of nine pairs of microtubules at the periphery and one pair at the center, and they were covered with doublet microtubules.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.388-395
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• 2017

We investigated the toxicity of zinc and aluminum hot-dip galvanized sheet steel to abalone Haliotis discus hannai via changes in the gill and hepatopancreas using histological and transmission electron microscopy analysis. Experimental groups were composed of one control and four exposure conditions (direct or indirect exposure to zinc and aluminum hot-dip galvanized sheet steel). In the control group, aluminum exposure groups (direct and indirect), and indirect zinc exposure group, abalone mortality was not observed until the end of the experiment, and no histopathological changes were observed in the gill and hepatopancreas. However, the direct zinc exposure group exhibited 100% mortality. Ultrastructural analysis of the cytoplasm of ciliated and microvilli-bearing epithelial cells from gill filaments revealed electron-dense vesicles near the cell membrane and disruption of the nuclear membrane. We also observed swollen mitochondria and a loss of mitochondrial cristae. The hepatopancreas showed similar changes, and we detected highly electron-dense particles within the vesicles. These results suggest that abalone exposed directly to zinc hot-dip galvanized sheet steel experience acute toxicity, causing damage to cell organelles in the gill and hepatopancreas and, finally, inducing mortality.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.26-36
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• 1994

To investigate the effects of mercuric chloride ($HgCl_2$) on the differentiation in the cerebral neuron of chick embryo 7 days, the ultrastructural changes in nerve cells injected with a various doses of mercuric chloride were observed with transmission electron microscope. The enzyme activity of the some dehydrogenases, and adenosine triphophate (ATP) were also analyzed. The results obtained are as follows; The ultrastructural changes in 1.0mg-injected group, the nuclear envelope were irregular, and the RER, Golgi complexes and mitochondria were not well developed. In 2.0mg-injected group, the nuclear envelope were partly destroyed or detached, and mitochondria were decreased in number and their cristae were destroyed, too. The RER and Golgi complexes were less developed than those of the normal groups. In general, the activities of dehydrogenases were declined by increasing the dose of mercuric chloride. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity fatted to below 85% of the normal group in 1.0mg-injected group, and 69% in 2.0mg-injected group. Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) activity was decreased greatly to 76% in 2.0mg-injected group. Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity fatted to 85% in 1.0mg-injected group, and 74% in 2.0mg-injected group. ATP content in 1.0mg-injected group was almost near to the normal level, but it was increased significantly in 2.0mg-injected group.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.179-185
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• 2012

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Neuropathological hallmarks of AD are amyloid plaques, dystrophic neurite, and alteration of subcellular organelles. However, the morpho-functional study of this degenerative process and ultimate neuronal death remains poorly elucidated. In this study, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analyses were performed to clarify the abnormal morphological alterations caused by the progression of AD in APP/PSEN1 transgenic mice, express human amyloid precursor protein, as a model for AD. In transgenic AD mice brain, the accumulation of Amyloid ${\beta}$ plaques and well-developed dystrophic neurites containing anti-LC3 antibody-positive autophagosomes were detected in the hippocampus and cortex regions. We also found severe disruption of mitochondrial cristae using high-voltage electron microscopy and three-dimensional electron tomography (3D tomography). These results provide morpho-functional evidence on the alteration of subcellular organelles in AD and may help in the investigation of the pathogenesis of AD.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.60-66
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• 1999

Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) is known as a potential hepatic carcinogen by single administration. This study was designed to measure the effects of DEN-induced cell damage on the triglyceride and cholesterol concentration in the liver, excluding dietary effects. Fertilized chicken eggs, 10 days before hatching, were randomly divided into three groups (n=20) and each egg was injected 10 ${mu}ell$ of corn oil (vehicle control), 5 $\mu\textrm{g}$ of DEN/10 ${mu}ell$ of DEN/10 ${mu}ell$ into yolk via air sac. After 48 hr and 96 hr incubation, the damage of the chick-embryo liver cell was investigated by electron microscopy and by measuring the concentration of lipid components (total cholesterol, free cholesterol, phospholipid and triglyceride). For eggs administered 10 $\mu\textrm{g}$ of DEN and incuvated 96 hr, in hepatocyte, the nucleus membrane was roughed, the size of nucleolus was apparently increased and euchromatin was accumulated. Mitochondria were condensed and cristae, located mitochondiral inner membrane, were obscured. Additionally, the leaves of triglyceride and cholesterol classes were significantly increased depend on the amount treated with 10 $\mu\textrm{g}$ DEN at 96 hr, but phospholipids component of cell membrane, were decreased with significance. As a conclusion, carcinogen induced hepatic lesion was correlated with the changes in lipid component of liver.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.141-150
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• 1976

In order to know the morphological changes of liver in nitrate poisoning, the ultrastructural studies were carried out on the rabbit liver after potassium nitrate was administered orally at lethal dose, in single treatment, as acute case and at two different levels. 1.0 and 0.5g/kg of body weight daily for 43 and 60 days as chronic case, respectively, The results were summarized as followings: 1. In the hepatic cells of acute case, mitochondria were swollen, disappearance of cristae and variable in shape. Dilatation of rough endoplasmic reticulum and vacuoles containing degenerated cell organells were observed. Glyogen particles were decreased in number. Degenerated Kupffer cells were often seen in acute case. 2. In the hepatic cells of chronic case, there were increase of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, marked enlargement of rough endcplasmic reticulum, detachment of membrane bound ribosome and some rough endoplasmic reticulum changed into smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Secondary lysosome, abundant glycogen paricles and myelin-figure structures were also observed in the cytoplasm of the hepatic cells. The endothelial cells were proliferated in the area of the necrotic cells.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.47-56
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• 1997

The objective of the present study was to investigate the cytotoxicity of adriamycin in liver cells (group A), and the protective effect of squalene to the hepatocytes to which adriamycin-induced cytotcxicity (group B) was examined by transmission electron micro-scope. In the group A, The cisternae of rough endoplasmic reitculum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum are dilated/disoriented at 24 hours and 48 hours. The inner and outer membrane of mitochondria are detached or destructed , and attached ribosomes of rough endoplasmic reticulum are diminished in number. The cisternae of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum are dilated, and the cristae of mitochondria are disrupted at 72 hours and 96 hours. In the group B, the cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic resticulum are dilated at 24 hours. The cisternae of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum are dilated at 48 hours. The cell organelles of hepatocytes are recovered from cytotoxicity at 72 hours. These results suggest that 50 is not only concerned with composition of the membrane system of the cell organelles but also decreased the cytotoxicity of the hepatocytes.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.48-64
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• 1995

Ultrastructure of nerves and their associated cells in the bronchiolar epithelium of the human fetal lung were studied with ultrastructural and immunohistochemical methods. The neuroendocrine cells were scattered along the basal part of non-ciliated respiratory epithelium and appeared as single cell (solitary neuroendocrine cell) or groups (neuroepithelial bodies). The solitary neuroendocrine cells were devoid of any detectable innervation, while the neuroepithelial bodies were associated with nerve ending containing morphologically afferent (sensory) and efferent (motor) intraepithelial terminals. The afferent nerve endings contained abundant mitochondria with long cristae. The efferent nerve endings were characterized by the presence of synaptic vesicles. Both types of nerve endings formed synaptic junction between nerve endings and neuroepithelial bodies cells. Serial sections of the intraepithelial nerves revealed that both morphologically afferent and efferent types of nerve endings may be formed by the same nerve fiber. By immunohistochemistry, bombesin and serotonin were localized in solitary neuroendocrine cells and neuroepithelial bodies of human fetal lung from various prenatal age groups. These results suggest that the neuroepithelial bodies cells of the human fetal lung have neuroreceptor function.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.281-288
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• 1994

한국산 거머리(Erpobdella lineate)의 전, 후 흠반을 광학현미경과 투과전자현미경을 사용하여 조직화학적 및 미세구조적 연구를 수행한 결과 다음과 같았다. 거머리 전, 후 홍안에서 관찰된 상피세포는 불규칙한 단층원주형 상피로 되어 있으며, 상피세포의 상단에는 큐티를층이 있고 측면원형질 막은 거치상을 이루면서 여러개의 desmosome이 관찰되 었다. 큐티클층은 projection eplcuticularis, amorphorous stratum 및 fibrous stratum 등 3부분으로 구분되었다. 전, 후 출반의 상피조직 사이에서 공히 a형 분비과립과 b혐 분비과립 등이 관찰되었는데, 이 세포에서 분비된 과립들은 중성점액다당류로 확인되었다. 전 흠반의 횡단면 상피조직 밑에서 많은 근육세포들조 형성된 원형의 집단들이 다수 관찰되었는데, 이는 흠반의 흡수기능과 밀접한 관계가 있었다 비교적 통근형태의 근육세포들은 세포의 원형질막 내측에 많은 근섬유 다발을 지니고 있고 그 중앙에는 cristae가 발달된 많은 수의 사립체들이 모여 있었다. 전, 후 출반의 결합조직 내에서 5종류(A, B, C, D 및 I 등)의 분비과립들이 관찰되었다. 그 중 C, D 과립은 전, 후 흡반에서 공통으로 관찰되고, A, B 과립은 전 흠반에서, E 과립은 후 흠반에서만 각각 관찰되었는데, 이들 역시 모두 중성점액다당류로 확인되었다.