• 제목/요약/키워드: Credit rating system

검색결과 62건 처리시간 0.023초

기업신용평가시스템을 위한 AHP 모형의 개발 (Development of AHP Model for Corporate Credit Rating Systems)

  • 정현순;한인구;김경재
    • 경영과학
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.165-177
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    • 2003
  • This paper presents the prototype of corporate credit rating system using analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Prior studios have proposed various models of credit rating system, but most studies considered only financial information. Financial information, however, is only a small part of corporate information. In this study, the proposed credit rating system integrates both financial and non-financial information. Fifteen corporations are tested for the usefulness of the proposed system.

기술금융시장에서의 신뢰성있는 기술평가 정보와 신용평가 정보의 최적화 결합에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Effective Combining Technology and Credit Appraisal Information in the Innovation Financing Market)

  • 이재식;김재진
    • 디지털융복합연구
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.199-208
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    • 2017
  • 본 연구는 기술신용정보의 기술금융공여자가 신뢰할 수 있는 기술신용정보의 구성요소와 등급산출체계를 분석하고 이를 토대로 기술금융 공급확대를 유인할 수 있는 최적의 기술신용평가시스템을 도출하는 것이다. 기술평가등급과 신용평가등급의 결합비율 변화를 통해 최대 AUROC 값이 되는 최적화된 기술신용평가등급을 산출하고 기존의 신용평가등급 및 체계 간의 격차 시뮬레이션을 통해 기술신용평가등급과 신용평가등급 간 대체가능성을 검증해 본 후 금융기관이 활용할 수 있는 등급체계를 제시하였다. 연구결과, 기업 규모별, 업종별로 동일하게 신용평점 : 기술평점의 가중치 결합비율 70% : 30% 일 때 AUROC가 가장 높게 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 기술신용등급의 부도 유의성이 신용등급 또는 기술등급보다 향상된 결과를 확인함에 따라 기술신용평가정보가 신용등급을 대체 적용 가능성을 발견하였고 나아가서 금융기관에서 여신의사결정 시 기술평가정보와 신용평가정보가 최적화 결합된 기술신용등급을 이용하여 정교한 리스크 관리도 가능함을 시사하고 있다.

재무모형과 비재무모형을 통합한 중기업 신용평가시스템의 개발 (Developing Medium-size Corporate Credit Rating Systems by the Integration of Financial Model and Non-financial Model)

  • 박철수
    • 대한안전경영과학회지
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.71-83
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    • 2008
  • Most researches on the corporate credit rating are generally classified into the area of bankruptcy prediction and bond rating. The studies on bankruptcy prediction have focused on improving the performance in binary classification problem, since the criterion variable is categorical, bankrupt or non-bankrupt. The other studies on bond rating have predicted the credit ratings, which was already evaluated by bond rating experts. The financial institute, however, should perform effective loan evaluation and risk management by employing the corporate credit rating model, which is able to determine the credit of corporations. Therefore, in this study we present a medium sized corporate credit rating system by using Artificial Neural Network(ANN) and Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP). Also, we developed AHP model for credit rating using non-financial information. For the purpose of completed credit rating model, we integrated the ANN and AHP model using both financial information and non-financial information. Finally, the credit ratings of each firm are assigned by the proposed method.

채권시장에서의 신용평가기능 개선을 위한 정책방향 (Policy Recommendations for Enhancing the Role of Credit Rating Agencies in the Debt Market)

  • 임경묵
    • KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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    • 제28권1호
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    • pp.1-47
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    • 2006
  • 우리나라의 회사채시장은 양적으로 꾸준한 성장세를 지속하였으나 여전히 질적 성숙이 그에 미치지 못하는 것으로 평가되고 있으며 외환위기 이후에도 대우채, 현대채, 카드채 사태 등의 금융시장 불안을 반복적으로 초래하였다. 회사채시장의 질적 발전이 이루어지지 못한 것은 무엇보다도 관련 인프라의 적절한 구축이 이루어지지 못한데 크게 영향 받은 것으로 판단된다. 특히 신용평가산업은 실제 발행기업의 채무상환능력을 평가하는 정보의 생성기능을 적절하게 담당하지 못한 채 제도의 이식 수준에 머물고 있다. 본 연구는 미국 SEC 및 미국학계에서 제기되고 있는 신용평가사제도 개선 논의를 고려하여 우리나라의 신용평가사제도 개선의 가능성을 모색한다. 특히, 우리나라 특유의 상황에 의해 발생하고 있는 우리나라 신용평가산업 특유의 문제들을 소유 지배구조 및 부수업무 수행에 따르는 이해상충, 역사적 발전과정, 신용등급에 대한 법리적 해석 및 경제 사회적 차이에 따르는 문제로 분류하여 지적하고 대응방향을 제시하였다.

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Support Vector Machine을 이용한 지능형 신용평가시스템 개발 (Development of Intelligent Credit Rating System using Support Vector Machines)

  • 김경재
    • 한국정보통신학회논문지
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    • 제9권7호
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    • pp.1569-1574
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    • 2005
  • In this paper, I propose an intelligent credit rating system using a bankruptcy prediction model based on support vector machines (SVMs). SVMs are promising methods because they use a risk function consisting of the empirical error and a regularized term which is derived from the structural risk minimization principle. This study examines the feasibility of applying SVM in Predicting corporate bankruptcies by comparing it with other data mining techniques. In addition. this study presents architecture and prototype of intelligeht credit rating systems based on SVM models.

An Application of the Rough Set Approach to credit Rating

  • Kim, Jae-Kyeong;Cho, Sung-Sik
    • 한국지능정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국지능정보시스템학회 1999년도 추계학술대회-지능형 정보기술과 미래조직 Information Technology and Future Organization
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    • pp.347-354
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    • 1999
  • The credit rating represents an assessment of the relative level of risk associated with the timely payments required by the debt obligation. In this paper, we present a new approach to credit rating of customers based on the rough set theory. The concept of a rough set appeared to be an effective tool for the analysis of customer information systems representing knowledge gained by experience. The customer information system describes a set of customers by a set of multi-valued attributes, called condition attributes. The customers are classified into groups of risk subject to an expert's opinion, called decision attribute. A natural problem of knowledge analysis consists then in discovering relationships, in terms of decision rules, between description of customers by condition attributes and particular decisions. The rough set approach enables one to discover minimal subsets of condition attributes ensuring an acceptable quality of classification of the customers analyzed and to derive decision rules from the customer information system which can be used to support decisions about rating new customers. Using the rough set approach one analyses only facts hidden in data, it does not need any additional information about data and does not correct inconsistencies manifested in data; instead, rules produced are categorized into certain and possible. A real problem of the evaluation of the evaluation of credit rating by a department store is studied using the rough set approach.

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Differences among Credit Rating Agencies and the Information Environment

  • PARK, Hyunjun;YOO, Youngtae
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • 제6권2호
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    • pp.25-32
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    • 2019
  • In the Korean capital market, there are three credit rating agencies. Potential credit ratings based on credibility in the financial market are calculated independently for each rating agency. It often happens that despite the fact that the grades of the rating agencies are the same and have the same rating system, their actual ratings are different, even for the same firm. In such circumstances, investors may wonder why. In this study, we assume that the cause is the information environment in which the company operates. The credit ratings of rating agencies are mainly classified into bonds or commercial papers. The bonds are rated primarily for long-term of three years or more, and commercial papers specify ratings for less than one year. The information environment to be verified in this study was observed with a commercial paper. Under the assumption the larger the analyst following is, the more transparent is the information environment, we analyzed the influence of the number of analysts following on the degree to which ratings conflicted among credit rating agencies. The results of our analysis confirmed that opinion conflict among credit rating agencies is clearly reduced for companies with good information environments.

러프집합을 이용한 통합형 채권등급 평가모형 구축에 관한 연구 (A Hybrid Credit Rating System using Rough Set Theory)

  • 박기남;이훈영;박상국
    • 한국경영과학회지
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    • 제25권3호
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    • pp.125-135
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    • 2000
  • Many different statistical and artificial intelligent techniques have been applied to improve the predictability of credit rating. Hybrid models and systems have also been developed by effectively combining different modeling processes or combining the outcomes of individual models. In this paper, we introduced the rough set theory and developed a hybrid credit rating system that combines individual outcomes in terms of rough set theory. An experiment was conducted to compare the prediction capability of the system with those of other methods. The proposed system based on rough set method outperformed the others.

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Corporate credit rating prediction using support vector machines

  • 이영찬
    • 한국지능정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국지능정보시스템학회 2005년도 공동추계학술대회
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    • pp.571-578
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    • 2005
  • Corporate credit rating analysis has drawn a lot of research interests in previous studies, and recent studies have shown that machine learning techniques achieved better performance than traditional statistical ones. This paper applies support vector machines (SVMs) to the corporate credit rating problem in an attempt to suggest a new model with better explanatory power and stability. To serve this purpose, the researcher uses a grid-search technique using 5-fold cross-validation to find out the optimal parameter values of kernel function of SVM. In addition, to evaluate the prediction accuracy of SVM, the researcher compares its performance with those of multiple discriminant analysis (MDA), case-based reasoning (CBR), and three-layer fully connected back-propagation neural networks (BPNs). The experiment results show that SVM outperforms the other methods.

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다양한 다분류 SVM을 적용한 기업채권평가 (Corporate Bond Rating Using Various Multiclass Support Vector Machines)

  • 안현철;김경재
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제19권2호
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    • pp.157-178
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    • 2009
  • Corporate credit rating is a very important factor in the market for corporate debt. Information concerning corporate operations is often disseminated to market participants through the changes in credit ratings that are published by professional rating agencies, such as Standard and Poor's (S&P) and Moody's Investor Service. Since these agencies generally require a large fee for the service, and the periodically provided ratings sometimes do not reflect the default risk of the company at the time, it may be advantageous for bond-market participants to be able to classify credit ratings before the agencies actually publish them. As a result, it is very important for companies (especially, financial companies) to develop a proper model of credit rating. From a technical perspective, the credit rating constitutes a typical, multiclass, classification problem because rating agencies generally have ten or more categories of ratings. For example, S&P's ratings range from AAA for the highest-quality bonds to D for the lowest-quality bonds. The professional rating agencies emphasize the importance of analysts' subjective judgments in the determination of credit ratings. However, in practice, a mathematical model that uses the financial variables of companies plays an important role in determining credit ratings, since it is convenient to apply and cost efficient. These financial variables include the ratios that represent a company's leverage status, liquidity status, and profitability status. Several statistical and artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have been applied as tools for predicting credit ratings. Among them, artificial neural networks are most prevalent in the area of finance because of their broad applicability to many business problems and their preeminent ability to adapt. However, artificial neural networks also have many defects, including the difficulty in determining the values of the control parameters and the number of processing elements in the layer as well as the risk of over-fitting. Of late, because of their robustness and high accuracy, support vector machines (SVMs) have become popular as a solution for problems with generating accurate prediction. An SVM's solution may be globally optimal because SVMs seek to minimize structural risk. On the other hand, artificial neural network models may tend to find locally optimal solutions because they seek to minimize empirical risk. In addition, no parameters need to be tuned in SVMs, barring the upper bound for non-separable cases in linear SVMs. Since SVMs were originally devised for binary classification, however they are not intrinsically geared for multiclass classifications as in credit ratings. Thus, researchers have tried to extend the original SVM to multiclass classification. Hitherto, a variety of techniques to extend standard SVMs to multiclass SVMs (MSVMs) has been proposed in the literature Only a few types of MSVM are, however, tested using prior studies that apply MSVMs to credit ratings studies. In this study, we examined six different techniques of MSVMs: (1) One-Against-One, (2) One-Against-AIL (3) DAGSVM, (4) ECOC, (5) Method of Weston and Watkins, and (6) Method of Crammer and Singer. In addition, we examined the prediction accuracy of some modified version of conventional MSVM techniques. To find the most appropriate technique of MSVMs for corporate bond rating, we applied all the techniques of MSVMs to a real-world case of credit rating in Korea. The best application is in corporate bond rating, which is the most frequently studied area of credit rating for specific debt issues or other financial obligations. For our study the research data were collected from National Information and Credit Evaluation, Inc., a major bond-rating company in Korea. The data set is comprised of the bond-ratings for the year 2002 and various financial variables for 1,295 companies from the manufacturing industry in Korea. We compared the results of these techniques with one another, and with those of traditional methods for credit ratings, such as multiple discriminant analysis (MDA), multinomial logistic regression (MLOGIT), and artificial neural networks (ANNs). As a result, we found that DAGSVM with an ordered list was the best approach for the prediction of bond rating. In addition, we found that the modified version of ECOC approach can yield higher prediction accuracy for the cases showing clear patterns.