• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.123-136
• /
• 2009

Debt and credit problems in Korea have been escalated during the past decade. The number of people with debt and credit problems is in its historic high. In May 2008, about 2.48 million debtors are officially classified as bad debtors and 7.20 million people have low credit scores. People with low credit scores are in disadvantageous situation in the financial market thus their financial transactions and activities are limited. In 2004, Korean government introduced various credit rehabilitation programs. However, most of these problems are remedial in nature and preventive programs such as credit counseling and debtor education are lacking. The purpose of this review is to examine US credit counseling and debtor education programs to obtain insights for preventive credit program developments in Korea. The review focused on programs offered through National Foundation for Credit Counseling, Jump Start, and Cooperative Extension Services from two large land grant Universities. From the program review suggestions and recommendations for educational contents, program and educator developments, and program quality control were discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.41 no.12
• /
• pp.117-132
• /
• 2003

This study aims to develop an educational program in using credit card for undergraduate students. In order to achieve this aim, a processor has been followed. first of all, a fundamental work to select the educational contents was Preceded with a survey of learners' needs, case studies of counselling at Consumer Protection Board, and preceding studies. After choice of educational contents, learners' demands on how to manage the educational program was executed in advance. Second, reflecting the above mentioned educational contents, a concrete educational program was built. Based on the constructed plans, both preliminary training and main training were proceeded. Third, to evaluate the effects of the educational program, the knowledge difference, behaviors and attitude changes were all diagnosed. The result suggested that the educational effect was significant in all evaluations section. At last, final program of using credit cards was completed.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.35-50
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics and financial status of credit delinquents utilizing the debt management program of the Credit Counseling and Recovery Service between January-June in 2007. Total sample of 41,355 cases was analyzed using the statistical program SPSS(Version 12.0). For analysis, descriptive statistics, F-test, Scheffe test, t-test, logit analysis and regression analysis were employed. People in the age range of 30-40s, males, high-school graduates, married couples, part-time employees, costfree residents and residents in other regions were relatively high users of the debt management program. Reasons of credit delinquency were diverse and was combined to credit default. However, increases in expenses and income reductions were found to be the most frequent reasons. Financial conditions of delinquents were worse than those of average persons shown on the national statistics. It was also found that age, sex, educational level, occupation, region of residence, home-ownership, reason of delinquency, income and total outstandings of debt were significant determinants of short-term debt burden which was measured by the ratio of monthly payment to income and long-term debt burden which was measured by repayment period.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.181-205
• /
• 1997

There has been considerable controversy over the impacts of the tax credit on R&D expenditures in many countries. Korea has adopted various kinds of tax credit system to stimulate private firm' R&D expenditures. Korean government, Recently, is trying to reform tax system to reduce tax credit programmes according to Uruguay Round agreement and in line with OECD policy standards. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effectiveness of current tax credit system on technology innovation in Korea and derive some policy implications over tax reform. In this paper, firstly, I investigate the size of tax reduction effects from each program in theoretical models and simulate the actual rate of individual tax incentive to a unit of R&D expenditure. I find that theoretically the reserve fund for technology development program has given the largest tax reduction effects to private firms irrespective of the R&D incentive system reform. Tax credit on R&D expenditure also has been very effective instrument to firm's tax reduction. Secondly, I try to measure the effectiveness of tax credit through the estimation of effective margianl tax rate between with the system and without the system of credit on R&D expenditure during the tax credit reform periods. I find that the tax credit on R&D has lowered firm's investment cost since the system introduced. I also have strong results that there has been a positive relation between the fluctuation of firm's R&D expenditure and the change of effective marginal tax rate. I suggest that it is better to sustain the system of tax credit on R&D for a while to increase firm's R&D expenditure.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.245-261
• /
• 1992

The Purpose of this study is to find out ;Which is the recognition of housewives abut the credit cards as a financial tool\ulcorner by what kind of motive is the use made\ulcorner How important the using credit card in the financed to household\ulcorner For this purpose, a survey was conducted by interview using questionnaire. The data were analyzed by frequency , percentage, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, x2 -test, ANOVA, correlation, multiple regression using SPSS/PC+ linear structural relationship using LISREL VI program. the conclusion deduced through result of data analysis and the discussion are as follows; First, in the respondent housekeeping, monthly average repayment of credit card is about 1/3 of the living expenses. Second, the knowledge of respondents about credit card was low generally Third, respondents use credit card by the motive of circulating money rather tan the motive of convenience. Fourth , generally respondents are not overdue the charge of credit card, but the smaller the cost of living is or the larger the motive of using credit card, the more overdue the charge of credit card. Fifth, as a result of linear structural relationship among the information credit card, motive of use and management behavior, the motive of using credit card effect on the management of credit card more directly than the knowledge of credit card. Sixth, as credit card is spread widely on the future, the information of credit card will be important variable on the personal credit and the management of credit card will be more important in the household financial management.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.33-44
• /
• 2019

The Indonesian government launched a new people's business credit program as part of a package of economic policy and deregulation. The interest rate is set lower than the average of the current loan interest rates, especially when compared with rural bank interest rates. To capture the social spatial aspects, quota sampling is applied to ten areas that divided based on the social culture. Further, the method utilized in this research is logit models, which designed to analyse the determinants of asymmetric information particularly on the rural bank and small micro enterprises. The study was conducted in East Java as the province with the largest number of rural banks in Indonesia. Based on the estimation of asymmetric information model to the respondent of rural banks and small businesses, the result shows that adverse selection can be avoided by strengthening the information about prospective borrowers. Regarding moral hazard, rural banks and small businessmen argued that the imposition of the collateral to the debtor has an important role to avoid moral hazard. Rural bank respondents stated that the KUR program with low-interest rates has affected their business development. The results implied the need of broadening the collaboration schemes between this people's business credit program and rural banks.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.57-70
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this study is to analyze housewives’ cognition, usage, and management behavior of credit cards according to home management behavior pattern. The sample of this study was selected from the housewives’ living in Seoul who has credit cards. After class-analyzation of the sample, 523 out of 612 repondents were finally selected data. The data were analyzed by the statical methods such as frequency, mean, percentile, Factor Analysis, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan’s multiple range test, Person’s Correlation, and Multiple Regression Analysis through the SAS program package. The major findings of this study are as followers : First, housewives’ usage and management behavior of credit cards was a positive relationship between home management behavior pattern. Second, housewives’ cognition of credit cards showed a significant positive relationship with usage and management behavior of credit card. Third, the most influencial variables on housewives’usage and management behavior of credit cards were their value and home management behavior pattern.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.13 no.5 s.58
• /
• pp.699-711
• /
• 2005

This study was following one of 'A study on the consciousness of fashion industries internship'. The purposes of this study were to develop the internship program which focused on practical use to introduce and carry out for fashion industries, and secondly to propose some regime for government to activate fashion internship. Reference searching method and depth interviewing method were used for this study. The results were as follows : Fashion industry internship was grouped into two classes, 'on-the-job training'; educating students fields and 'talent hunting'; selecting good persons. Internship of industry-academic world was classified into two types; the one is 'credit type' which has curriculums between universities and industries and the other is 'non-credit type' which has not any credit and is operated by industry own system. This study provided the development courses of pragmatic program to perform internship systematically and it also provided the program models for guide line in fashion industries. Six grades such as ready step, introduction step, selection step, management step, evaluation step and feed-back step were proposed for the internship program development steps of fashion industries. A virtual organization, 'The Fashion Industry and Academy Association' was proposed as a policy for activating internship between universities, industries and government.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.471-477
• /
• 2022

In this study, an educational program was developed that allows students who take data science courses in the high school credit system to explore related fields after learning data science education. Accordingly, the existing research and requirements for data science education were analyzed, a learning plan was designed, and an educational program was developed in accordance with a step-by-step educational program. In addition, since there is no research on data science education for the high school credit system in existing studies, the research was conducted in the stages of problem definition, data collection, data preprocessing, data analysis, data visualization, and simulation, and referred to studies on data science education that have been conducted in existing schools. Through this study, it is expected that research on data science education in the high school credit system will become more active.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.3 no.4
• /
• pp.43-56
• /
• 2016

The research aims to help merchant acquiring institutions gain a better insight on what merchant establishments in the Singapore market perceive of the costs they incur due to credit card acceptance. The research attempts to study the Singapore market and establish if increased credit card usage does increase costs for the merchant establishments that accept credit cards, this will help to acquire institutions in Singapore have a better understanding of merchant perceptions and what drives or deters credit card acceptance in the Singapore market. The survey was based on an interview of merchant establishments and the views of the merchants and was not based on their financial data. As a first step, the variables used in the survey were tested for interdependence using Chi-square tests; subsequently data reduction using factor analysis was performed and finally linear regression to establish a relation between dependent and independent variables. Merchant establishment believe accepting credit cards and increasing volume is costlier compared to another form of payment, but have mixed awareness about interchange fee. It also indicated that interchange fee and cardholder benefits are independent of the merchant establishments. The study only broadly attempts to gauge merchants view if increased credit card usage has increased costs for them.