• 제목/요약/키워드: Credit Availability

검색결과 32건 처리시간 0.024초

Sensitivity Analysis of JLSP Inventory Model with Ordering Cost inclusive of a Freight Cost under Trade Credit in a Two-stage Supply Chain

  • Shinn, Seong-Whan
    • International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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    • 제8권3호
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    • pp.300-306
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    • 2020
  • This study analyzes the distributor's inventory model in a two-stage supply chain consisting of the supplier, the distributor and the end customer. The supplier will allow a credit period before the distributor settles the account with him in order to stimulate the demand for the product he produces. It is also assumed that the distributor pays the shipping cost for the order and hence, the distributor's ordering cost consists of a fixed ordering cost and the shipping cost that depend on the order quantity. The availability of the delay in payments from the supplier enables discount of the distributor's selling price from a wider range of the price option in anticipation of increased customer's demand. As a result, the availability of a credit transaction leads to an increase in inventory levels. On the other hand, in the case of deteriorating products in which the utility of the product perish over time, the deterioration rate with time plays a role in reducing inventory levels. In this regard, we analyze the effect of the length of the credit period and the degree of product deterioration on the distributor's inventory level. For the analysis, we formulate the distributor's annual net profit and analyze the effect of the length of credit period and deterioration rate of the product on inventory policy numerically.

The Effect of Bad Credit and Liquidity on Bank Performance in Indonesia

  • SUYANTO, Suyanto
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • 제8권3호
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    • pp.451-458
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    • 2021
  • The objective of this research is to analyze the effect of bad credit and liquidity on bank performance with the mediation of capital adequacy. Data were provided by banking institutions listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from the period of 2011-2019. The analysis technique was PLS-SEM supported by an application named WarpPLS 6.0. The results of the research show that the effect of bad credit and liquidity on bank performance is not significant. A high level of bad credit is associated with a low level of bank performance. Bank earnings decline along with low profitability. This relationship is not significant because banks can still cover some proportions of bad credit through capital availability. Capital adequacy as an intervening variable has mediated partially the effect of bad credit and liquidity on bank performance. Besides, capital adequacy has a strong effect on credit distribution. Agency theory says that the owner of the fund (the savers of saving account, current account, deposit account) is called principal while the bank as the trusted institution to manage the fund is called an agent. If customers fulfill their duty, then bad credit never happens.

농업정책금융(農業政策金融)의 운용현황(運用現況)과 개선방안(改善方案) - 엽연초(葉煙草) 생산 금융지원문제를 포함하여 - (A Study on the Status in the Availability of Agricultural Policy Financing and the Improvements of It - Espacially on the Supply of Tobacco Production Credit -)

  • 류태춘
    • Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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    • 제3권
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    • pp.203-218
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    • 1985
  • In Korea, the developmental gap is deep between rural and urban areas in spacial aspect and, or between agricultural and industrial side. So there are much room for improvement in agri. development in national standpoint as well as in individual farmer's level. In this respect, agricultural financing is requisitive to speed up the pace of agricultural development and in result, to contribute to improvement of farm income. By the way, farmers' credit demands are always in excess-demand status and they rely on private money-lenders in the burden of high interest rate. In agricultural financing market, there are two kinds of credit ; institutional credit and non-institutional credit market, that is private money-lending. In institutional credit, there are mutual credit system operating by the primary coops and policy credit system by NACF financed by Government in part. Here, in this paper, I venture to study on the improvements of the policy credit system to increase and activate the supply function of agri. policy credit into farmers to enhance their socio-economic status.

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기업영업부채의 정보특성 (The Information Contents of Trade Credit)

  • 박래수;김재복
    • 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.361-371
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    • 2010
  • 본 논문은 국내유가증권 상장기업들을 대상으로 영업부채가 관행적인 영업상 지급결제역할 이외에도 해당기업의 주요한 재원조달역할 및 정보창출기능도 수행하는지를 분석하였다. 국내기업들의 경우 정보관련 비용부담이 큰 기업일수록 영업부채 의존도가 유의적으로 높은 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 납품기업에 의한 영업부채가 구매기업관련 신용정보 서비스를 제공하고 있으며, 이로 인해 정보비대칭관련 비용부담이 큰 구매기업들에게 매우 효과적인 재원이 될 수 있음을 나타내는 결과이다. 그러나 재벌소속 기업들의 경우에도 상대적으로 영업부채 의존도가 높은 것으로 나타났는데, 이러한 결과는 재벌소속 기업들이 비재벌소속 기업들에 비해 구매력 우위를 바탕으로 납품기업들로부터 영업부채 제공을 더 많이 받기 때문인 것으로 분석되었다. 한편, 영업부채를 많이 사용하는 기업들은 은행으로부터의 차입이 상대적으로 적은 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 영업부채와 은행부채가 정보관련 비용부담이 큰 기업들에게 상호 대체재일 가능성을 증거한다.

범주형 재무자료에 대한 신용평가모형 검증 비교 (Validation Comparison of Credit Rating Models for Categorized Financial Data)

  • 홍종선;이창혁;김지훈
    • Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.615-631
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    • 2008
  • 재무자료에 대한 신용평가모형은 각각의 재무변수를 평활한 예측부도율로 변환하여 사용한다. 본 연구에서는 연속형 재무자료를 변환하여 설정된 신용평가모형의 문제점을 살펴보고, 연속형 재무변수를 다양한 형태로 범주화한 신용평가모형들을 제안한다. 범주형 재무자료를 사용해서 개발한 여러 종류의 신용평가모형들의 성과를 다양한 적합성 검증 방법으로 비교하고, 범주형 재무자료를 이용한 신용평가모형의 유용성을 토론한다.

국내 철도분야 탄소배출권 확보방안 연구 (A Study on Carbon Emission Credit Acquisition in Domestic Railroad Sector)

  • 최요한;이철규;김용기
    • 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.2949-2951
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    • 2011
  • It is expected that domestic railway vehicle operation companies may be subjected to GHG emission reduction when GHG emission system is enforced. This study aimed that reviewing on GHG emission system such as CDM, VCS and KCER, and analysing availability of GHG emission credit acquisition for railroad transportation sector. In order to estimate GHG emission credit, a GHG emission estimation methodology should be developed, which includes GHG emission baseline estimation and GHG emission monitoring method, MRV method and etc. Modal shift project, high speed train technology, straight lining project, mass transportation technology, operation optimization tehcnology and etc. may produce GHG emission credit.

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Roles of Capital Adequacy and Liquidity to Improve Banking Performance

  • MARGONO, Hery;WARDANI, Mursida Kusuma;SAFITRI, Julia
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • 제7권11호
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    • pp.75-81
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    • 2020
  • This study aims to empirically test the effect of liquidity and adequacy on bank performance through interest rate risk and credit risk. Capital adequacy and liquidity are variables that can affect the ups and downs of opinion, where the bank's performance in this study is the dependent variable. Good credit distribution can minimize the occurrence of defaults. This study uses banking companies in Indonesia that are listed on the Indonesian stock exchange, with a total number of 43 banking companies, this study however, uses only 30 companies ranging from years 2014 to 2019, primarily due to the availability of the limited data. The data analysis techniques used in this study is PLS-SEM with the WarpPLS application. The research results show that capital adequacy and liquidity has a positive effect on bank performance, interest rate risk and credit risk can mediate capital adequacy on bank performance, interest rate risk can mediate liquidity on bank performance, and interest rate risk has a positive effect on bank performance. However, credit risk can't mediate liquidity on bank performance and credit risk does not have a positive effect on bank performance. This is in line with the commercial loan theory, shiftability theory and the doctrine of anticipated income, which explains how best to give credit, both in longer and the shorter term.

Sensitivity Analysis for Joint Pricing and Lot-sizing Model with Price Dependent Demand under Day terms Supplier Credit in a Two-stage Supply Chain

  • Shinn, Seong-Whan
    • International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.270-276
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    • 2020
  • In this paper, we analyze the buyer's joint pricing and lot-sizing model in a two-stage supply chain consisting of the supplier, the buyer and the customer. It is assumed that the supplier will permit a certain fixed period for settling the amount the buyer owes to him for the items supplied in order to stimulate the demand for the product. Generally, credit transactions would have a positive effect to the buyer. The availability of credit transactions from the supplier effectively reduces the cost of holding stocks for the buyer and therefore, the buyer has a lot of price options to choose his sales price for a customer in anticipation of increased the customer's demand and, as a result, it will appear to increase the buyer's inventory levels. On the other hand, in the case of decaying products in which their utility decay over time, the decaying rate with time may be expected to reduce inventory levels. In this regard, we need to analyze how much the length of credit period and the decaying rate affect the buyer's pricing and lot-sizing policy. For the analysis, we consider the situation where the customer's demand is represented as a linearly decreasing function of the buyer's sales price. From this perspective, we formulate the buyer's annual net profit and analyze the effect of the length of credit period and decaying rate of the product on the buyer's inventory policy numerically.

The Effects of Credit Risk on the Profitability of Commercial Banks in Afghanistan

  • RASA, Rahmanullah
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • 제8권7호
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    • pp.477-489
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    • 2021
  • The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of credit risk on commercial banks' profitability in Afghanistan. Due to the availability of limited data, this study applies the Fixed Effects estimator on balance panel data of six domestic private commercial banks over the period 2014-2018. The study uses LLRTL, TLTA, and TLTD as credit risk indictors, size as bank-specific determinant, ROAA, ROAE, and NIM as profitability indicators. The study finds a robust negative and significant effect of LLRTL on ROAA, and ROAE, but positive and insignificant on NIM. The results also reveal significant positive effect of TLTA on NIM, however insignificant negative on ROAA while insignificant positive on ROAE. The study finds negative effect of TLTD on ROAA, ROAE, and NIM, but only significant on NIM. Further, this study reveals a robust negative and significant effect of size on all profitability indicators. The mean comparison of profitability demonstrates that NIM is in a better situation than others profitability indicators, which is a good sign for the Afghan banking sector. The findings of this study suggest that improving credit management, increasing efficiency of asset management or effectiveness of business model can increase commercial banks' profitability in Afghanistan.

An efficient algorithm to measure the insurance risk of casuality insurance company using VaR methodology

  • Ban, Joon-Hwa;Hwang, Hyun-Cheol;Ki, Ho-Sam
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.137-149
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    • 2012
  • We propose an efficient method to measure the insurance risk of causality insurance companies by using the CreditRisk+ methodology. This method is superior to previous methods in several aspects. Its computation speed is very fast and the input data form is simple. It is able to aggregate both credit risk and insurance risk, so the insurance company can manage the risk in combined manner. In this paper, we propose a mathematical method to obtain the aggregate loss distribution of portfolios having correlation among products or business lines as a general case, and then suggest its implementation algorithm. Finally we apply this method to the real data from Korea Insurance Development Institute (KIDI) and discuss its availability to real applications.