• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2008

New concepts and solutions for the Flexible Food Packaging Design have been demanded to meet the various customer's needs and to compete with other worldwide products. Future-oriented designs beyond the basic functions of preserving and protecting contents can only meet the demands on product's reliability and consumer's satisfaction, specially considering environmental issues. This study is to describe the spiritual values of Korean Flexible Food Packaging Design on the basis of comprehensive understanding and to identify the process of changes and developments. The thesis also forecasts the future of Flexible Food Packaging. Little progress in the Flexible Food Packaging has been made because of the slow response, only to meet the increasing demand without any statistical or theoretical study. On the contrary, Korean Flexible Food Packaging Design has been developed by imitating foreigners' and made mistake of not creating original design reflecting a native traditional culture. This study researches the roles of food-classified flexible packaging to predict the near future trend of packaging industry classifying those into functional, visual, environmental and industrial aspects.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.175-186
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• 2010

The auto industry is demanding more ductile high-strength steel grades to build lighter and stronger car bodies. The hot-dip galvanizing problems of these new steel grades are creating a demand for an improved method to control zinc wettability. The simplest way to improve zinc wettability on industrial hot-dip galvanizing lines is to increase the strip immersion temperature at zinc bath entry for enhancing the aluminothermic reaction. However, this practice increases the reactivity due to overheating the zinc in the snout which induces the formation of brittle Fe-Zn compounds at the strip/coating interface with the formation of higher amounts of dross in the zinc bath and snout contamination. Thus, this simple practice can only be utilized for short production periods of one to two hours without deteriorating coating quality. This problem has been solved by employing a technique that allows the use of a higher and attuned strip immersion temperature at zinc bath entry while still maintaining a constantly low zinc bath temperature. This has been proven to provide the solution for both the improved wettability and a significant reduction in the amounts of dross in the zinc bath.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 2016

High-rise as a building typology is gaining popularity in Asian mega-cities, due to its advantages in increasing volumetric density with limited land resources. Numerous factors contribute to the formation of high-rise urban form, from economical and institutional, environmental to socio-political. Environmental concerns over the impact of rapid urbanization in developing economies demand new thought on the link between urban environment and urban form. Outdoor and indoor climate, pedestrian comfort, and building energy consumption are all related to and impacted by urban form and building morphology. There are many studies and practices on designing individual "green" high-rise buildings, but far fewer studies on designing high-rise building clusters from the perspective of environmental performance optimization.. This paper focuses on the environmental perspective, and its correlation with the evolution of the high-rise urban form. Previous studies on urban morphology in terms of environmental and energy performance are reviewed. Studies on "parameterizing" urban morphology to estimate its environmental performance are reviewed, and the possible urban design implications of the study are demonstrated in by the author, by way of a microclimate map of the iconic Shanghai Xiao Lujiazui CBD. The study formulates the best-practice design guidelines for creating walkable and comfortable outdoor space in a high-rise urban setting, including proper sizing of street blocks and building footprint, provision of shading, and facilitating urban ventilation.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2015

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is designed and implemented for a freeze dryer. Freeze-drying technology is widely used in the fields of pharmacy and biotechnology as well as the food and agriculture industries. Taking into account the demand for high-resolution pressure and temperature measurements in a freeze dryer, the proposed WSN has a significant advantage of creating a monitoring environment in a freeze dryer. The proposed WSN uses a ZigBee/IEEE 802.15.4 network with an altimeter module that contains a high-resolution pressure and temperature sensor with a serial digital data interface. The ZigBee network is suitable for low-energy and low-data-rate applications in the field of wireless communication. The altimeter module is capable of sensing pressure in the range of 7.5-975 Torr (10-1300 mbar) and temperature in the range of $-40^{\circ}C$ to $125^{\circ}C$ with a DC power consumption of $3{\mu}W$. The implemented WSN is installed in a commercial laboratory freeze dryer in order to demonstrate its functionality and efficiency. A comparison with the temperature profile measured by a thermocouple installed in the freeze dryer reveals that the resolution of the temperature profile measured by WSN is superior to that measured by the thermocouple.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.97-119
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• 2011

World consumers are now focusing on their health, well-being and appearance more than ever before. This trend is creating heightened demand for products formulated as cosmeceuticals with active ingredients. A significant number of innovative formulations are now being used in cosmetics with real consumer-perceivable benefits and optimized sensory attributes, resulting in an economic uplift of cosmetic industry. To obtain skin care formulations with real consumer-perceivable benefits through dermal delivery of active ingredients, formulators are resorting to technology that until recently was used in pharmaceutical products. These various delivery systems are now being used in cosmecuetical formulations. Novel delivery systems reviewed here possess enormous potential as next-generation smarter carrier systems.

• 사회경제평론
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• no.38
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• pp.199-240
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• 2012

According to the Post Keynesian endogenous money theory, money is created by the bank deposit which is dependent on the banks' supply of loan. And the demand for loans is dependent on investment by firms. In the money creating process, real value(or investment) and money are connected with banks' credit. In this paper, we investigated Keynes and Post Keynesian endogenous money theory with critical reviews of Hwang (2005). We came to three conclusions. First, Post Keynesian endogenous money theory is based on Keynes' theory. Second, Keynes' endogeneity of money is essentially different from that of Wicksellian. Third, focusing on the differences of the starting point of the arguments not on the conclusions, two Post Keynesian views, namely horizontalists and structuralists are compatible with liquidity preference theory in the Keynes' system.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2019

In this research, schedule optimization is defined as balancing the number of workers while keeping the demand and needs of the project resources, creating the perfect schedule for each activity. Therefore, when one optimizes a schedule, multiple potentials of schedule changes are assessed to get an instant view of changes that avoid any over and under staffing while maximizing productivity levels for the available labor cost. Optimizing the number of workers in the scheduling process is not a simple task since it usually involves many different factors to be considered such as the development of quantity take-offs, cost estimating, scheduling, direct/indirect costs, and borrowing costs in cash flow while each factor affecting the others simultaneously. That is why the optimization process usually requires complex computational simulations/modeling. This research attempts to find an optimal selection of daily maximum workers in a project while considering the impacts of other factors at the same time through OPEN BIM based multiple computer simulations in resource leveling. This paper integrates several different processes such as quantity take-offs, cost estimating, and scheduling processes through computer aided simulations and prediction in generating/comparing different outcomes of each process. To achieve interoperability among different simulation processes, this research utilized data exchanges supported by building SMART-IFC effort in automating the data extraction and retrieval. Numerous computer simulations were run, which included necessary aspects of construction scheduling, to produce sufficient alternatives for a given project.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.4606-4623
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• 2019

Nowadays modern cities develop in a very rapid speed. Buildings become larger than ever and the interior structures of the buildings are even more complex. This drives a high demand for precise and accurate indoor navigation systems. Although the existing commercially available 2D indoor navigation system can help users quickly find the best path to their destination, it does not intuitively guide users to their destination. In contrast, an indoor navigation system combined with augmented reality technology can efficiently guide the user to the destination in real time. Such practical applications still have various problems like position accuracy, position drift, and calculation delay, which causes errors in the navigation route and result in navigation failure. During the navigation process, the large computation load and frequent correction of the displayed paths can be a huge burden for the terminal device. Therefore, the navigation algorithm and navigation logic need to be improved in the practical applications. This paper proposes an improved navigation algorithm and navigation logic to solve the problems, creating a more accurate and effective augmented reality indoor navigation system.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.173-178
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• 2020

As the fourth industrial revolution, in which people, objects, and information are connected as one, various fields such as smart energy, smart cities, artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, unmanned cars, and robot industries are becoming the mainstream, drawing attention to big data. Among them, Smart Grid is a technology that maximizes energy efficiency by converging information and communication technologies into the power grid to establish a smart grid that can know electricity usage, supply volume, and power line conditions. Smart meters are equient that monitors and communicates power usage. We start with the goal of building a virtual smart grid and constructing a virtual environment in which real-time data is generated to accommodate large volumes of data that are small in capacity but regularly generated. A major role is given in creating a software/hardware architecture deployment environment suitable for the system for test operations. It is necessary to identify the advantages and disadvantages of the software according to the characteristics of the collected data and select sub-projects suitable for the purpose. The collected data was collected/loaded/processed/analyzed by the Hadoop ecosystem-based big data platform, and used to predict power demand through deep learning.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.546-558
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• 2021

As consumers' demand for corporate social responsibility (CSR) has increased, luxury fashion brands have been providing support for arts and culture as CSR activities. The purpose of this study is to examine patronage of arts and culture as corporate philanthropy and to analyze the motives luxury fashion brands have for supporting arts and culture. The study investigates patronage of arts and culture through literature reviews and conducts case studies of luxury fashion brands' patronage. The results of the analysis are as follows: first, patronage based on public interest reduces the social costs of arts and culture and helps to create aesthetic experiences for the public; second, sustainable patronage is not only priceless PR for luxury fashion brands, it also supports the development of arts and culture; third, authentic patronage obviates the criticism that luxury fashion brands only support arts and culture for the purposes of profit, by separating business operations from patronage. In conclusion, those three elements are at the heart of patronage for the arts and culture and fashion companies need to support culture and the arts by taking a long-term perspective when it comes to creating social value.