• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.222-230
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• 1999

Varicella-zoster virus(VZV) becomes latent in the sensory ganglia after primary infection and emerges from latency to cause zoster in adults. After primary infection, VZV remains latent in the dorsal spinal ganglia. The mechanisms responsible for its reactivation and the clinical entity of herpes zoster are poorly understood. Reactivation of VZV is commonly known to manifest as Ramsay Hunt syndrome which is one of the VZV-associated neurologic diseases with facial paralysis, ear pain, and a characteristic herpetic auricular rash. It is now known that lesions of this syndrome can affect all cranial nerves. Central, cervical and peripheral effects of this syndrome is polyneuropathic in nature. VZV usually involves the 5th and 7th cranial nerves and less commonly the lower cranial nerves such as 9th and 10th. We report a treated case of healthy 40 years old male with VZV infection of the 5th, 9th and 10th cranial nerves. The patient typically showed herpetic vesicles in the auricle and temporal bone area without facial paralysis.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.44-48
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• 2018

Neurolymphomatosis (NL) is a rare disease characterized by lymphomatous invasion of the cranial or peripheral nerves by lymphoma. A high suspicion is important due to the various presenting symptoms mandating consideration of many differential diagnoses. We report a case of NL of the cranial nerves and plexus presenting as diplopia, facial palsy, and weakness of the upper and lower limbs in sequence.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.59-62
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• 2022

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a chronic recurrent acquired immune-mediated disease of the peripheral nerves that presents with progressive sensory and motor deficits in all four limbs. Cranial nerve involvement is not as common as in Guillain-Barre syndrome, and central nervous system involvement including optic neuritis has rarely been reported in patients with CIDP. We recently experienced a case with classic CIDP involving bilateral facial and trigeminal nerves, right lower cranial nerves, and the right optic nerve.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.147-150
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• 2005

Cavernous angiomas of the cranial nerves are rarely reported. We report a case of a 33-year-old man affected by a cavernous angioma originated in the oculomotor nerve with it's palsy. Preoperative radiological findings are difficult to differentiate it from meningioma or neurinoma. Postopertive pathological report discloses it as cavernous angioma. We discuss radiological, pathological features and management of this vascular lesion of the cranial nerve.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.281-292
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• 2021

Cranial-nerve disorders can be caused by a wide spectrum of diseases, including congenital, inflammatory, and tumorous diseases, and are often encountered in practice. However, the imaging of cranial-nerve disorders is challenging, and understanding the anatomical differences of each region is essential for conducting the best protocols and for detecting subtle changes in cranial nerves during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations. In this review we discuss which MRI techniques are best for observing normal and pathologic appearance, according to the different regions of the cranial nerves.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2012

Diseases of cranial nerves are one of the most difficult illnesses to be treated because of the fact that diseases are hardly detected in early stage. As the nation is becoming an aging society, there is an increasing number of the patient who has diseases of cranial nerves. So a lot of healthcare facilities is in the middle of having a preparation for medical center providing adequate medical service to the patient suffering from diseases of cranial nerves. However, it is extremely difficult to define what the specialized medical center is. It is necessary to give an architectural suggestion of the specialized medical center in response to the proposal of healthcare system for successful operation. Therefore this study aims to suggest the composition and the area of the medical center on neuroscience.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제81권3호
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• pp.501-529
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• 2020

복잡한 해부학적 구조와 기능 때문에 뇌신경 질환의 신경영상검사는 항상 어려운 과제이다. 최근 자기공명영상(이하 MRI) 기법의 발달로 많은 경우에서 뇌신경 질환의 원인이 규명되고 있으며, 신경영상의학 의사들은 다학제 팀의 핵심적 팀원으로서 다양한 뇌신경 질환의 원활한 진단을 위하여 MRI에서 관찰되는 뇌신경의 세밀한 해부학적 구조를 잘 알아야 한다. 이 종설에서는 말초성 뇌신경 III-XII에 대해 뇌간으로부터 두개 밖까지 해부학적으로 비슷한 구조를 가지는 구역별로 분류하여 각 구역에서 보이는 뇌신경의 정상 해부학 및 MRI 소견을 설명하고자 한다. 또한 각 구역에서 가장 적합한 MRI 기법에 관하여도 기술하고자 한다.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제84권4호
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• pp.964-969
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• 2023

길랑-바레증후군은 면역 매개 탈수초성 다발신경병으로서, 상향 진행성과 좌우 대칭적 마비를 특징으로 하며, 선행 감염이나 예방접종 등에 의해 유발되는 것으로 알려져 있다. 최근 코로나바이러스감염증-19 예방접종 후 길랑-바레증후군 발생이 보고되었다. 길랑-바레증후군에서 보이는 뇌신경병증은 주로 안면신경과 하부뇌신경을 침범한다. 저자들은 코로나바이러스 감염증-19 예방접종 후 발생한 길랑-바레증후군 환자에서 삼차신경, 외전신경, 안면신경을 침범한 다발성 뇌신경병증 사례를 자기공명영상 소견에 기반하여 보고하고자 한다.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.76-86
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• 2001

Herpes zoster oticus which is called Ramsay Hunt syndrome, geniculate ganglion herpes and otic herpes, is characterized by a viral prodrome with otalgia, vesicular eruptions, facial paralysis, hearing disturbance, tinnitus, vertigo and other symtoms. Among cranial nerves, trigeminal and facial nerves are the most commonly affected in patients with herpes zoster oticus, but on rare occasions 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th cranial nerves and even the upper cervical nerve are influenced as well.. In general, it has poor prognosis compared with Bell's palsy, leaving permanent facial nerve dysfunction. We report a case of Herpes zoster oticus, which was fully recovered by acupuncture and herbal medication within 12 days. We used $FEMA^{11)}$ and House-Brackmann's grading system to assess the degree of paralysis in each part of face.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.333-337
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• 2018

Ramsay Hunt syndrome is a type of acute herpes zoster, which occurs by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus at the geniculate ganglion. Clinical presentation of Ramsay Hunt syndrome includes a vesicular rash on the ear (herpes zoster oticus) or in the oral mucosa accompanied by acute peripheral facial nerve paralysis. Other cranial nerves such as V, IX, XI, and XII are often involved. Additional variability of the clinical picture of Ramsay Hunt syndrome is produced by varying patterns of skin involvement explained by individual anastomoses between cranial and cervical nerves. Combination treatment containing anti-viral agents and steroids is recommended for the treatment of Ramsay Hunt syndrome. Additionally, early diagnosis of Ramsay Hunt syndrome is a crucial factor to improve damaged nerves in Ramsay Hunt syndrome, which initiates treatment as soon as possible.