• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 2009

In this study, the effect of pH and temperature on the adsorption behavior of acid mine drainage (AMD) on coal mine drainage sludge (CMDS) has been investigated during the treatment of coal mine drainage (CMD) by electrical purification method. The pH$_{zero\;point\;charge}$ (pH$_{zpc}$) of CMDS was 5. The removal ratio of copper, zinc, cadmium, iron were increased according to the increase of pH value. The adsorption amount of copper showed 0.64 mg g$^{-1}$ sludge. It was independent of pH value. The adsorption amount of the other metals showed l.l times when pH was 3. The adsorption amount of chromium was a little bit increased at the pH value higher than 7 due to a small amount of the chromium was eluted as $Cr(OH)_6^{3-}$. The amount of metals' absorption were decreased according to temperature was increase at pH value was 3. The selectivity order was Cd>Fe > Zn > Cu. The amount of absorption showed q$_{max}$ Cu 2.747 mg g$^{-1}$ andZn 2.525 mg g$^{-1}$ when pH value higher than 5. It was independent of temperature.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.317-324
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• 2014

Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) samples were collected separately in mainstream and side-stream smoke using a self-designed smoking machine, and a total 40 of PM2.5 was collected with low volume air sampler at indoor environments with and without ETS in Daejeon, Korea. About 20 trace elements including toxic metals like As, Cr, Mn, Se, V, and Zn were determined in PM2.5 and ETS samples by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). It is found that the emission factors of K, Cl, Na, and Al were much higher than those of toxic elements for both mainstream and side-stream smoke. The average concentration of PM2.5 was enriched by 1.5 times at smoking area ($58.7{\pm}18.1{\mu}g/m^3$) than at smoking free area ($38.6{\pm}12.7{\mu}g/m^3$). The concentration ratio of each element between smoking and smoking free area were ranged from 1.1 to 6.0 except Cu (1.0); especially, Ce (6.0), La (5.2), K (2.3), and Co (2.0) showed higher ratio, which suggests that the ETS is one of the possible increasing factors of PM2.5 and elemental concentration at indoor environment.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 2007

This study centered on the quantitative analysis of about 27 trace elements including toxic ones using instrumental neutron activation analysis of fine ambient particulate matter in the third and fourth industrial complex area of Daejeon city, Korea. For analytical quality control, the certified reference material (NIST, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S.A., SRM 2783, air particulate on filter media) was used. The errors relative to SRM values of Sb, Mn, V, Mg, Na, K, Ti, Co, Zn, and Sm fell below 5%, while those of Cr, Fe, Ba, Th, Ce, Al, and Cu were less than 10%. From the results of the quantitative analysis, the concentration of toxic metals such as As, Mn, Se, V, and Zn were $3.26{\pm}2.72$, $9.86{\pm}4.71$, $2.18{\pm}1.25$, $4.91{\pm}2.41$, $158{\pm}78ng/m^3$, respectively. And the results of factor analysis indicated that there are no more than six factors of sources of fine ambient particulate with statistical significance in the study area.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.12 no.6 s.53
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• pp.399-405
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• 2005

Nanopowders of titanium dioxide $(TiO_2)$ incorporating the transition metal element(s) were synthesized by flame synthesis method. Single element among Fe(III), Cr(III), and Zn(II) was doped into the interior of $TiO_2$ crystal; bimetal doping of Fe and Zn was also made. The characteristics of transition-metal-doped $TiO_2$ nanopowders in the particle feature, crystallography and electronic structures were determined with various analytical tools. The chemical bond of Fe-O-Zn was confirmed to exist in the bimetal-doped $TiO_2$ nanopowders incorporating Fe-Zn. The transition element incorporated in the $TiO_2$ was attributed to affect both Ti 3d orbital and O 2p orbital by NEXAFS measurement. The bimetal-doped $TiO_2$ nanopowder showed light absorption over more wide wavelength range than the single-doped $TiO_2$ nanopowders.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.860-875
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the seasonal variation in the mineral contents of fruits and vegetables available all the year -round. We analyzed Na, K, Mg, Ca, P, Fe Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Se, and Al concentrations by ICP-mass in 4 fruits and 17 vegetables items which are frequently consumed in Koreans. For Na content, fall apples showed the highest levels among 4 seasons, but fall tangerines contained the lowest amount of Na among the four seasons. Among the vegetables, the spinach, carrots, and lettuce contained relatively high amounts of Na. The K contents of cucumbers, cabbage, and zucchini were higher in the fall than in the other seasons. For Ca and Fe contents, spring strawberries, fall pears, and fall cabbage had the highest levels. The Cr contents of the apples were higher in the fall and winter than those were in the spring and summer. The strawberries contained their highest amounts of Cr, Mn, and Cu in the spring. The above results showed there are seasonal differences in the mineral contents of fruits and vegetables. Additionally, the fruits and vegetables tended to contain more minerals in the season they were harvested. Therefore, it is recommended to consume those fruits and vegetables during their harvest season.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.535-547
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• 2019

In this study, the heavy metal analysis in sediments (surface sediments, sediments cores and settling particles) from Shihwa Lake has been carried out to evaluate the changes of metal pollution levels in sediments after the operation of Tidal Power Plant (TPP). The average concentrations of metals in surface sediments sampled in 2015 were 8% (Cd)~31% (Zn, Hg) lower than in 2009 before TPP operation. Results of calculating the pollution load index (PLI) with 8 metals, the PLI value in 2015 showed a 18% decrease compared to 2009. However, Cu, Zn, Pb concentrations of surface sediments in 2015 at the upper region around industrial complex still exceeded the TEL (threshold effect level) values for sediment quality guideline in Korea. After the operation of TPP, the metal contaminated depths were increasing from 15 cm to 30 cm at S6 site and from 8 cm to 20 cm at S7 site, respectively. Our data showed that the mean concentration of heavy metals in core samples decreased but the contaminated depth increased. The average of the total sedimentation flux for particulate matter increased by 3.2 times from 32.5 g/㎡/d in 2009 to 103.5 g/㎡/d in 2015. This showed that the bottom sediments were resuspended by the operation of TPP, resulting in an increase of particulate matter in the water column. These results suggest that the sediments contaminated with heavy metals seem to be resuspended and relocated due to the water current caused by the operation of TPP. Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd were highly exceeding the TEL values in the upstream region and accumulated more than 40 cm of sediment depth, indicating that heavy metal contamination through industrial activity were still a serious environmental problem of Shihwa Lake. Although the metal pollution of Shihwa Lake has been slightly reduced, the contaminated sediments with heavy metals inside of Shihwa Lake might be discharged to outer sea after the resuspension by TPP operation. It is necessary for the advanced scientific approach and political decision to drastically reduce the heavy metal pollution of the study region.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.17-26
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• 2005

Objectives : The study has been undertaken to scrutinize the results of Halloysitum Rubrum before and after physical and chemical manipulation. Methods : I used X-rays diffracted analysis system(Phillips X'Pert - MPD System) on condition of 40Kv, Anode of Cu Ka to grasp the compositions of crude Halloysitum Rubrums which have been from here and there after pulverization them below 200 mesh. X-rays fluorescence analysis system have been used to check the chief elements content of the ore on condition of 40Kv, 95mA. ICP-MS analysis system(Perkin Elmer, Elan 6100)have been used after a micro-elements and a heavy metals take advantage of mixed acid were dissolved completely. Results : The compositions of the ore Halloysitum Rubrum are composed of large amount of Halloysite and Kaolinite, and small amount of Hematite, Alum, quartzite. The chief elements content of the ore Halloysitum Rubrum are composed of Al and Si. A heavy metals in Halloysitum Rubrum are As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, etc. As and Zn's amounts was lessen after physical and chemical manipulation Halloysitum Rubrum are decreased at $400^{\circ}C\;and\;450-500^{\circ}C$ each by heat analysis system. Conclusion : Results of this study show that Halloysitum Rubrum can be used in a diverse ways to treat many kinds of disease.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.54-61
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• 2000

We studied the adsorption characteristics on the treatment process of heavy metal wastewater by using cuttle fish bones powder. When adding the 0.25% cuttle fish born powder in the heavy metal solution, $Fe^{3+}$ and $Pb^{2+}$ were high removed than other heavy metals as above 95%. In the solution which was adjusted to pH 5, 7 and 9, there was not observed the difference thing on the heavy metal removal rate. At test using plating wastewater treatment, adding 1%, 1.5% and 2% of the cuttle fish born powder, the heavy metal removal rate were as follows; Zn 12.5 - 37.5%, Mn 18.0 - 62.2%, Cd 36.8 -93.0%, Cu 51.4 - 97.4%, Cr 70.8 - 99.1%, Fe 87.2 - 99.3% and Pb 92.8 - 99.9%. When adding the 0.15% cuttle fish born powder and mixing for 20 minutes, the solution was happened the adsorption equability. Applied this results to the Freundlich＇s iso-thermal equation, we found the cuttle fish born＇s probability as a good adsorbent.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.199-204
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• 1992

The trace elements in animal feed were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS, VG-PlasmaQuad Co.) to find possible sources of heavy metals accumulation in rat organ. The study about spectral interference was performed by analysis of a background spectrum of ICP-MS. Recovery test using standard of Cd and Se (100 ppb) was found to be better than 90%. Twenty elements (Ca, Fe, Mg, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ba, Al, Mn, Pb, B, Ce, Bi, U, V, Cd, and W)are determined.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.309-310
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• 2005

Some minor elements(Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Gd, Mg, Mn, Mo, Nd, Ni, P, Pb, Si, Sn, Sr, Ti, V, Yb, Zn and Zr) in iron compounds such as the S/G sludge of a power plant were separated from iron by anionic and cationic exchange methods. If a ICP-AES or AAS determination follows this method, minor elements of more than 2 or 20 ppm of Fe can be determined with an error less than 20% except Sn and Mo. Alkaline elements were excluded from this study since they can be easily recovered from an anionic exchange. Application to real sludge samples is ongoing.