• 제목/요약/키워드: Covering Problems

검색결과 186건 처리시간 0.021초

서울지구 소아재활원 실태조사 (A STUDY ON THE ACTUAL CONDITIONS OF CHILDREN′S REHABILITATION CENTERS IN SEOUL)

  • 김계숙
    • 대한간호학회지
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    • 제4권1호
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    • pp.64-80
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    • 1974
  • The social understanding of the rehabilitation and welfare work for the handicapped children is nearly devoid in Korea. Especially the medical rehabilitation or nursing for them is left ign. ored as well as the literature preferential to this study is wanted. For the purpose of conducting the study of this thesis Sam Yook Children's Rehabilitation Center, Inc. and Crippled Children's Center, Yonsei University Medical center sampled out; covering three months from Aug. 1 to Oct. 30, 1973, the problems of children's rehabilitation, the characteristics of the children, the medical rehabilitation, nursing, education, and vocational rehabilitation were interviewed and widely grasped. This thesis aimed at developing the rehabilitation, the professional nursing and especially aimed at contributing to the improvement of welfare for the handicapped by analysing, observing the result of this study. The result is as follows: 1. Sam Yook Children's Rehabilitation Center, Inc. has, since its establishment, contributed to the advancement of the crippled children and its purpose consists in implementing services, medical rehabilitation, nursing, education and vocational training. Crippled Children's Center, Yonsei University Medical Center is, being based on Christianity, aiming at the medical treatment and education for the crippled children. 2. All of the children admitted in the children's rehabilitation centers are the crippled children. The ratio of boys io girls is three to two. Boys are more than girls. Orphan formed 55.2 per sent of them. About 60 per cent of them is receiving medical attention free of charge. But there is no orphan in Crippled Children's Center, Yonsei University Medical Center. 3. 15.7 per cent of them have received the previous medical attention before their admitting in the centers; in Sam Yook Children's Rehabilitation Center 8.6 percent, Crippled Children's Center, Yonsei University Medical Center 50 percent; there is remarkable difference between the two. 4. On the standpoint of period of being in the centers, the children who have been over three years in Sam Yook Children's Rehabilitation Center formed 48.7 per cent; in Crippled Children's Center, Yonsei University Medical Center 2.6 percent; there is also considerable difference between the two; they couldn't discharge from the centers owing to the economic conditions and being orphan. 5. Among the diagnosis of the crippled children, poliomyelitis formed highest 51.7 percent of them ; cerebral palsy formed 30 percent secondly in order. Environmental factors (67.8 percent formed about three times of congenital factors (23.7 percent). 6. The children who are capable of doing independently activity of daily living formed 87.9 percent; 73.2 percent can walk about 300 m by wearing brace and so on. The ratio of wearing brace or leg prosthesis formed 47.4 per cent: crutch 44.3 per cent. The medical rehabilitation service and education for the crippled, are comparatively well carried out. But it is desired to improve and cultivate the vocational training, vocational guidance and special nursing to the insufficiency of their implementation. In the tendency that the rehabilitation and welfare for the handicapped are today emphasized, International Handicapped Rehabilitation Association, declaring that 1970s are the decade of rehabilitation, urged to improve positively the policy of rehabilitation and welfare for the handicapped. But here in korea the handicapped, being the object of social prejudice, ignorance, disdain lives in obscurity. Therefore the government or the community should draw up countermeasure on social under-standing, financial support, and rehabilitation services for the handicapped as well as should endeavor to make them participate in social activities as the productive total- person though they are physically imperfect.

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한국 신문 속 명명하기의 수사학: 승부수 언어(ultimate term)로서의 '국론 분열'의 사회구성적 의미 (A Rhetoric of Naming in Korean Newspapers: A Socio-Constructive Meaning of the 'Split of National Opinion' As an Ultimate Term)

  • 남궁은정;신성진;이인희
    • 한국언론정보학보
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    • 제43권
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    • pp.314-358
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    • 2008
  • 신문에서는 사회의 커다란 갈등이 생겼을 시 '국론분열'이라는 표현을 사용한다. 하지만 이 말은 매체 속에서 사회적으로 특정한 의미를 구성하고 있는 사회맥락적인 언어이다. 본 논문에서는 우리 사회에서 '국론 분열'이라는 표현이 함축하고 있는 의미는 무엇이며 이것이 우리 사회에서 맡고 있는 역할은 무엇인지를 살펴보았다. 특히 이 단어가 특정한 상황을 명명하고 있으며, 그중에서도 특히 사회 내의 최고 위계를 갖는 사회적 단어인 승부수 언어라는 점에서 '국론 분열'의 쓰임을 분석하였다. 연구대상으로는 세계, 중앙, 문화, 동아, 서울, 국민, 한국, 경향, 조선, 한겨레 등 총 10개의 주요 일간지를 선정하였다. 그리고 각 신문에서 나타나는 '국론 분열'이라는 단어의 텍스트적 의미를 밝히기 위해 은유와 등치된 단어들의 빈도를 살펴보았다. 그리고 사회적 맥락속에서 구성되는 의미를 알아보기 위해 각 신문에서 지칭한 '국론 분열'적 사건과 '국론분열'의 주체를 찾아 빈도를 측정하였다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째 '국론 분열'은 병, 재앙, 비용의 은유로 주로 표현되고 있었으며, 이에 대한 태도나 제시하는 대처행동은 부정적이면서 수동적이었다. 둘째 '국론 분열'은 국정, 국가적 손실, 사회문제, 이념 등과 같은 단어들과 같은 위계를 가지고 있었다. 셋째 '국론 분열'적 사건과 '국론 분열'의 주체는 각 신문사마다 각기 다르게 지칭되어 신문사에 따라 승부수 언어를 다르게 의미 구성하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 이러한 승부수 언어는 참여자들과 기존 행위자간의 권력 불균형을 만들고 일부 개인이나 집단을 배제시킨다는 점에서 수사적 힘을 갖게 된다는 논의 또한 이뤄졌다.

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전문계 고등학교의 현행 공업입문 교과서 비교연구 (Comparative Analysis Study of Introduction to Industry textbook for Technical High School)

  • 안성호;최완식
    • 대한공업교육학회지
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    • 제34권1호
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    • pp.44-86
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    • 2009
  • 이 연구의 목적은 공업 입문 4종 교과서의 내용 요소별 특징을 비교하여 각 교과서의 장점과 단점을 분석해보고, 그 분석된 데이터가 새로운 공업입문 교과서 개발에 활용될 수 있도록 하기 위함이었다. 궁극적으로는 현직교사는 물론 예비교사와 교육연구자들이 (ㄱ) 교과서 관련 교안 연구의 기초자료로서 사용할 수 있도록 하며, (ㄷ) 대학수학능력시험 직업탐구영역의 문제 출제와 (ㄷ) 전공과 연계성을 갖는 차기 공업입문 교과서 편찬에 있어서 좋은 시사점을 제공하는 것이었다. 주로 사용된 연구 방법은 문헌 연구로서 현행4 종의 공업입문 교과서를 비롯하여 관련 문헌을 비교 분석하는 것이었다. 연구 결과, 비교된 모든 교과서는 대체적으로 교과서 집필 안을 준수하고 있었다. 교과서의 내용 면에서는 집필 안에서 제시하고 있는 단원이 균형 있게 배분이 잘 되어 있는 교과서가 있는 반면에, 단원의 비중이 너무 편중되어 있는 교과서가 있기도 하였다. 또한 보충적 자료, 평가적 자료, 시각적 자료 등에 대한 배분에 있어서도 교과서에 따라 상당한 차이를 보이고 있었다. 교과서와 관련하여 대학수학능력시험 출제 경향은 각 교과서가 비슷한 정도의 연계성을 가지고 있으나 수험생의 입장에서는 한 가지의 교과서만으로는 대학수학능력시험을 대비하여 공부하는데 충분하지 않으므로 교사는 모든 종류의 교과서를 이해하고 학생들에게 가르치는 교과서 외의 다른 교과서 내용도 추가적으로 가르칠 필요가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

Thermo-splint를 이용한 불안정한 관골궁골절에 대한 효과적인 고정방법 (The Effective Reduction Method of Unstable Zygomatic Arch Fracture with Thermo-Splint)

  • 김순흠;이수향;최현곤;신동혁;엄기일;송우철
    • Archives of Plastic Surgery
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    • 제35권1호
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    • pp.110-115
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    • 2008
  • Purpose: The objective of this study is to propose an effective management of unstable zygomatic arch fracture. The reduction methods of arch fracture were relatively simple but the maintenance of reduction state is very troublesome. On this, authors introduce an effective management method of unstable zygomatic arch fracture. Methods: Authors experienced 23 cases of unstable segmental zygomatic arch fractures and used Thermo-splint in all cases. All the arch fractures were reduced through Gillies' approach under the general anesthesia. After the reduction, the most effective suspension points were marked on the covering skin of the fractured arch. A needle of heavy nonabsorbable suture material was inserted toward the marking site under the reduced zygomatic arch. And then Therm-splint was dipped in the hot water, and we got the splint pattern of patient face. Reshaped Thermo-splint was trimmed and fixated with previous suspension suture materials. More additive suspension was done if necessary. The splint was applied for in two to three weeks postoperatively. Results: In all the cases, good cosmetic and functional results were observed without severe complications. There were 4 cases of incomplete reductions but they also had no specific problems. There were no facial nerve symptom and scar(stitch mark). Postoperative slight tenderness and trismus were completely subsided after removal of the splint. Conclusion: The Thermo-splint safely protect and maintain the postoperative reduction state. The application, maintenance and removal were easy and simple. It could be reformed to any contour of face and had enough rigidity for supporting. Above all these things, effective prevention of displacement and easy manipulation were significant merit. Authors experienced good results with Thermo-splint, and would introduce it for another method of management of zygomatic arch fracture.

동계호밀재배가 고랭지 밭토양의 비옥도 증진에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Winter Rye Cultivation to Improve Soil Fertility and Crop production in Alpine Upland in Korea)

  • 장용선;이계준;주진호;이정태;안재훈;박철수
    • 한국환경농학회지
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    • 제26권4호
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    • pp.300-305
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    • 2007
  • 고랭지 밭토양의 동계 피복작물재배에 따른 밭토양의 지력증진과 증수효과를 분석하기 위하여 고랭지의 주요 재배작물인 감자와 배추를 대상으로 고랭지 농업지대에 적합한 동계 피복작물을 선발하고, 피복작물재배가 토양의 물리-화학적 특성 변화에 미치는 영향, 고랭지 작물의 생산성 및 병해발생 정도를 작부체계와 연계하여 비교 검토하였다. 고랭지에서 월동성이 가장 우수한 피복작물은 17개 시험초종 중 호밀이었으며, 호밀의 적정 파종기는8월 하순부터 9월 하순으로 10월 상순 서리가 내리기 이전까지는 파종하여야 할 것으로 판단되며, 토양의 물리-화학성은 윤작과 동계 호밀재배로 토양 공극 및 유기물 함량이 증가하는 경향으로 윤작보다 동계호밀재배에 의한 토양 물리성 개선 및 토양 화학성분의 함량증가가 현저하였다. 고랭지 감자와 배추에 대하여 매년 윤작으로 작부체계를 검토한 결과 동계호밀재배는 나지에 비하여 작부체계와 관계없이 수량은 $6{\sim}8%$증가하였다. 동계 호밀재배에 의한 토양관리 방법은 토양유실 방지효과와 더불어 감자의 수확량 증대, 감자의 병해 발생률을 감소시키므로 우량 씨감자 생산을 위한 새로운 농업기술로 적용되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

국내(國內) 패션관련 교육기관(敎育機關)의 의복원형(衣服原型) 교육실태(敎育實態) 연구(硏究) - 길원형(原型) 평면구성(平面構成)을 중심(中心)으로 - (A Study on Fashion Education Institution's Program on Apparel Prototype in Korea - Focused on Basic Bodice Patternmaking -)

  • 이명옥;손희순
    • 패션비즈니스
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    • 제5권2호
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    • pp.129-147
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    • 2001
  • The purpose of this study is to survey and analyze domestic fashion education institution's program on apparel prototype and thereupon, address the problems and find their solutions, and thereby, provide for some basic data useful to improve the basic patterns of apparel and ultimately, help reinforce the professional and practical apparel design education. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; 1. 85.1% of the subjects finished graduate or higher courses. Almost all of the college and junior college teachers finished graduate or higher courses, while only 31.6% of those teaching at technical institutes finished graduate or higher courses. Such a finding suggests that colleges tend to employ their faculty members based on their academic background but that technical institutes value the practical ability of their faculty more. 2. As a result of surveying the types of basic patterns used by teachers, it was found that 72.3% of them were using two or more patterns. The basic pattern preferred most by our teachers was Japanese culture institute's type (71.3%), followed by the US FIT type (24.5%), Lim Won-Ja's type (22.3%), French ESMOD type (17.0%). 96.3% of our apparel design students were making their basic patterns as instructed by their teachers. 3. 67.0% of our students were using their conceived sizes for production of their basic patterns, 14.9% were referring to the ready-made sizes, 8.5% were relying on their teachers' individual experiences, and 9.6% were using their own cord sizes. In order to survey the difference between teachers' sizes (ready-made sizes or individual experienced ones) and business sizes used, the basic body measurements used for ready-made apparels were surveyed to be compared with the national standard body sizes set in 1997 for women aged between 18 and 24. As a result, it was found that the ready-made sizes used for apparel production prototypes than teachers' ones were nearer the national standard sizes. Such a finding suggests that it may well be necessary for teachers to be more connected with the apparel businesses and thereby, teach their students in a more realistic way with correct information. 4. 83.0% of the subject teachers were tacking their basic patterns to be well fitting, and 76.9% of these teachers were tacking the patterns in reference with students' individual body sizes. In all, 97.4% of the subject teachers were guiding the tacking process, which suggests that the flat patternmaking is taught primarily for customized apparels. As a result of comparing the fitness of basic patterns with those of each body part, it was found that teachers were most dissatisfied with the fitness of shoulders and arm hole depth. Therefore, it will be necessary to reclassify the body types or find other drawing techniques to improve the fitness of such body parts. Nevertheless, teachers were willing much (4.18) to develop their own educational basic patterns for themselves. Lastly, it is hoped that this study will be followed up by future studies on educational prototypes covering diverse body shapes and those on practical implementations of those prototypes for students.

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비만 고등학생의 보건행태조사연구 (A study on the health awareness and attitude of obese high school students)

  • 박선희;남철현;김상수
    • 보건교육건강증진학회지
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.115-131
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    • 1998
  • Understanding average abnormal obese high school students' health awareness and attitude, We analyzed problems affect on this to provide basic data for the school health education in the near future. From March, 1997, covering a month period, We investigated 300 average obese students from each 3 school, both boys and girls, around Taegu area. Followings are the summary. 1) Grouping obesity, 86.6% of boys were abdominal type and 54.0% of girls were lump types. 2) IN physical check-up and serum lipid lab., there were a lot of abnormal students for blood pressure, serum glucose, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein(HDL), low density lipoprotein(LDL), neutral lipid, the rate of lipid in the body, atherosclerosis index and electrocardiogram (ECG).; Especially, for the rate of Lipid in the body, 100.0% were in the abnormal range. 3) The main reasons of stress were on the physique and grade. Over 50.0% of students get rid of their stress by singing and dancing. 4) 46.7% of boys and 56.0% of girls were satisfied with their desks and 51.3% of boys and 48.0% of girls were satisfied with their chairs.; 70.0% of boys and 78.7% of girls usually felt uncomfortable for their desks and chairs. 5) 100.0% of boys and 98.0% of girls have been educated for obesity.; 53.3% of boys and 50.7% of girls were not interested in whether joining in or not, if ‘Obese school’ is open. 60.7% of boys get information about weight loss from television, while 41.3% of girls get it from all sorts of publications.; Both sexes said eating convenience food is the main reason to be obese. Most frequent disease is high blood pressure.; 30.0% of boys and 31.3% of girls were hypertensives. 6) 84.7% of boys and 78.0% of girls are awake to the seriousness of obesity from their families. 58.7% of boys and 66.0% of girls sometimes have meals with their families. For the boys, 30.0% of them eat fruit and 29.3% eat cookies while 37.3% of girls eat cookies for their snacks. Both 57.3% of boys and 40.0% of girls have a snack once a day and they drink soft drinks frequently. Both 32.0% of boys and 46.7% of girls have midnight meals 1-2times a week. 7) Both 45.3% of boys and 50.0% of girls suddenly gained their weight in the elementary school times. 30.0% of boys exercise 1 hour for a week, while 48.0% of girls don't exercise. For the exercise hour, both 53.3% of boys and 42.0% of girls exercise for 10-30 minutes a time. 59.7% of boys and 82.0% of girls strongly don't trust in the informations on weight loss. Both 74.0% of boys and 75.3% of girls think physical therapy is the most suitable way for obesity care.

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한국(韓國) 연근해어선(沿近海漁船)의 특성(特性) (Characteristics of Korean Inshore Fishing Boats)

  • 김극천
    • 대한조선학회지
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.67-94
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    • 1971
  • Korean fisheries industry holds 57,255 boats amounting to 269,079 tons in gross as of the end of 1967. The boats of the size under 30G.T., about sixty-two per cent of the total in tonnage, are utilized in coastal and their contribution to the total production of Korean fisheries industry is estimated at over seventy-five percent. Hull forms and construction method of them are partly in transition stage to the western tradition from the oriental tradition, which employs the chine-type straight-framed section, and tick and wide wooden planking fastened on naturally bent timber frames. And only about a half of them are mechanized. About fifty-seven per cent, 7,525 boats amounting to 91,751 gross tons, of the coastal and inshore fishing boats are those of the size ranging 5G.T. to 30G.T., which are engaged mostly in draft-and gill-netting, angling, longlining, anchovy seining, squid fishing and set-netting. The important fishing boats forming main structure of the inshore fishing fleets can be classified as 5G.T.-class multi-purpose boats, 10G.T.-class angling/longlining boats and 20G.T.-class drift-/gill-netters mostly utilized in the east-sea, 15G.T.-class anchovy seiner in the south-sea-sea, 20G.T.- and 28G.T.-class stow-netters in the west sea. Each of the three sea regions, east, south, and west, of Korean water has distinctly different characters from one another in topography, geology and sea aspects, and consequently in marine resources, fishing grounds and fishing tactics desired. Hence, the finishing boats in each sea region have also their own characters in hull form, structural features, deck design and equipments. In this report, analyzing the characteristics of the existing inshore fishing boats ranging 5G.T. to 30G.T. in size from view points of naval architecture and engineering, the author made an integrated investigation of their characteristics, covering size and principal dimensions, hull form, deck design, structural features and mechanization, in close connection with the natural circumstances of Korean water and local techno-socio-economic problems, and, finally, made some suggestions for the rational improvement or modernization of the inshore fishing boats. Further details of the characteristics of Korean inshore finishing boats are referred to the drawings of them compiled by the author and given in the reference[23] listed at the end of this report.

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발전회를 이용한 광산환경 복원사례 연구 (A Case Study of Mine Environmental Restoration using Coal Ash)

  • 유종찬;지상우;안지환;김춘식;신희영
    • 자원리싸이클링
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    • 제26권2호
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    • pp.80-88
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    • 2017
  • 전 세계적으로 매년 증가하는 발전회의 매립을 위한 부지는 현저히 부족한 실정이며, 이를 재활용 하는 방안에 관한 연구는 지금까지 활발히 진행 중이다. 또한, 휴 폐광산의 갱구, 폐석 더미, 지하공동에서 발생하는 다양한 광해는 심각한 인명피해 및 환경오염을 일으킨다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 국내 석탄, 금속, 석회석 광산에서 발생하는 AMD (Acid Mine Drainage), 지반침하 등의 광해방지에서 발전회의 활용 가능성에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 발전회는 그 물리화학적인 특성에 따라 AMD 중화, 노천광산에서의 차폐재, 지하광산의 채움재 및 토양 개량제로써 활용할 수 있으며, 미국, 호주, 일본, 캐나다 등의 국외에서는 관련 지침을 마련하여 현장 적용사례가 충분히 확보된 상태이다. 하지만 국내의 경우 현장 적용을 위한 몇몇 연구들은 수행돼 왔지만, 현재 발전회를 사업장폐기물로 분류하고 있기 때문에 현장 적용사례가 미흡하며, 이와 관련된 연구도 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 국내에서도 국외의 관련 선행 적용사례들을 참고하여 광해방지사업에서 발전회의 활용을 위한 구체적인 기준 및 관리체계가 필요할 것이다.

중소 디자인 기업을 위한 제품 기획 프로세스 제안 : 유아욕조 디자인 콘셉트 개발 사례를 중심으로 (Suggestion of Product Planning Process for Small and Medium Sized Design Company : Focused on the Case of Baby Bathtub Design Concept Development)

  • 윤우람;고정욱
    • 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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    • 제19권8호
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    • pp.205-213
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    • 2019
  • 국내의 많은 중소 디자인 기업들은 기업의 생존과 성장을 목표로 독자적 제품 개발 시도하고 있으나, 이에 성공하는 것은 매우 어렵다. 이러한 원인으로는 제품 기획과 관련된 경험의 부족, 디자인 프로세스의 모범사례로 제시되는 대량의 데이터에 기반한 방법론을 중소기업의 현장에서 실천하는데 있어 현실적 어려움이 있다. 이에 본 연구는 중소 디자인 기업을 위한 방법론으로 사용자 참여 프로세스의 유용성을 제시하였다. 또한 실증적 사례연구로서 중소 디자인 전문기업 P사에서 실시한 사용자 FGD 방법을 제안하였다. 사례연구에서 나타난 프로세스는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 사용자 FGD로 기존 유아욕조의 문제점 도출. 둘째, 사용자 심층인터뷰를 진행하여 다양한 계층의 사용자 의견을 수집. 셋째, 도출 아이디어를 KJ법으로 분석, 유사 요소로 그룹핑. 이를 통하여 사이즈, 재료, 안전, 기존제품 구매요인, 개선방향, 부가요소의 6가지 디자인 방향 및 세부 디자인 콘셉트를 도출하였다. 본 연구는 디자인 프로세스 중 디자인 방향성 설정 단계에 초점을 두고 진행되었다. 본 연구는 사례연구를 통해 P사의 FGD방법을 통한 중소기업 제품 기획 프로세스의 현실적인 검증성, 통합성, 신속성의 제고를 검증하였다. 이는 자본과 인력이 한정적인 중소기업에서 실행할 수 있는 현실적인 프로세스로서 가치가 있다.