• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.39-58
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• 2014

As the importance of big data and related technologies continues to grow in the industry, it has become highlighted to visualize results of processing and analyzing big data. Visualization of data delivers people effectiveness and clarity for understanding the result of analyzing. By the way, visualization has a role as the GUI (Graphical User Interface) that supports communications between people and analysis systems. Usually to make development and maintenance easier, these GUI parts should be loosely coupled from the parts of processing and analyzing data. And also to implement a loosely coupled architecture, it is necessary to adopt design patterns such as MVC (Model-View-Controller) which is designed for minimizing coupling between UI part and data processing part. On the other hand, big data can be classified as structured data and unstructured data. The visualization of structured data is relatively easy to unstructured data. For all that, as it has been spread out that the people utilize and analyze unstructured data, they usually develop the visualization system only for each project to overcome the limitation traditional visualization system for structured data. Furthermore, for text data which covers a huge part of unstructured data, visualization of data is more difficult. It results from the complexity of technology for analyzing text data as like linguistic analysis, text mining, social network analysis, and so on. And also those technologies are not standardized. This situation makes it more difficult to reuse the visualization system of a project to other projects. We assume that the reason is lack of commonality design of visualization system considering to expanse it to other system. In our research, we suggest a common information model for visualizing text data and propose a comprehensive and reusable framework, TexVizu, for visualizing text data. At first, we survey representative researches in text visualization era. And also we identify common elements for text visualization and common patterns among various cases of its. And then we review and analyze elements and patterns with three different viewpoints as structural viewpoint, interactive viewpoint, and semantic viewpoint. And then we design an integrated model of text data which represent elements for visualization. The structural viewpoint is for identifying structural element from various text documents as like title, author, body, and so on. The interactive viewpoint is for identifying the types of relations and interactions between text documents as like post, comment, reply and so on. The semantic viewpoint is for identifying semantic elements which extracted from analyzing text data linguistically and are represented as tags for classifying types of entity as like people, place or location, time, event and so on. After then we extract and choose common requirements for visualizing text data. The requirements are categorized as four types which are structure information, content information, relation information, trend information. Each type of requirements comprised with required visualization techniques, data and goal (what to know). These requirements are common and key requirement for design a framework which keep that a visualization system are loosely coupled from data processing or analyzing system. Finally we designed a common text visualization framework, TexVizu which is reusable and expansible for various visualization projects by collaborating with various Text Data Loader and Analytical Text Data Visualizer via common interfaces as like ITextDataLoader and IATDProvider. And also TexVisu is comprised with Analytical Text Data Model, Analytical Text Data Storage and Analytical Text Data Controller. In this framework, external components are the specifications of required interfaces for collaborating with this framework. As an experiment, we also adopt this framework into two text visualization systems as like a social opinion mining system and an online news analysis system.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.261-271
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• 2016

In the prediction of response of a pile in soil, numerical approaches such as a finite element method are generally applied due to complicate nonlinear behaviors of soils. However, the numerical methods based on the finite elements require heavy efforts in pile and soil modelling and also take long computing time. So their usage is limited especially in the early design stage in which principal dimensions and properties are not specified and tend to vary. On the contrary, theoretical approaches adopting linear approximations for soils are relatively simple and easy to model and take short computing time. Therefore, if they are validated to be reliable, they would be applicable in predicting responses of a pile in soil, particularly in early design stage. In case of wind turbines regarded in this study, it is required to assess their natural frequencies in early stages, and in this simulation the supporting pile inserted in soil could be replaced with a simplified elastic boundary condition at the bottom end of the wind turbine tower. To do this, analysis for a pile in soil is performed in this study to extract the spring constants at the top end of the pile. The pile in soil can be modelled as a beam on elastic spring by assuming that the soils deform within an elastic range. In this study, it is attempted to predict pile deformations and influence factors for lateral loads by means of the beam-on-spring model. As two example supporting structures for wind turbines, mono pile and suction pile models with different diameters are examined by evaluating their influence factors and validated by comparing them with those reported in literature. In addition, the deflection profiles along the depth and spring constants at the top end of the piles are compared to assess their supporting features.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.231-238
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• 2011

In this work, the numerical analysis for the zincate behavior at a zinc electrode with an electrolyte flow was carried out for a ZAFC. The Nernst-Planck equation with a boundary condition of Butler-Volmer type was adopted to describe electrochemical effects of mass transfer, migration, kinetics of electrode. The Navier-Stokes equation, coupling to the Nernst-Planck equation, is also applied to describe the internal electrolyte flow fields. The validity of the numerical model is proved through the comparative analysis between numerical and experimental results. The concentration of zincate and the current density were also investigated at a zinc anode according to various electrolyte velocities. We have found the concentration of zincate decreased and the current density increased with an increase in the electrolyte velocity.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.14-21
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• 2001

In this paper, we designed and fabricated C-band bandpass filter using dielectric resonators. From waveguide cutoff frequency which applied the region between adjacent dielectric resonators, the height of cavity is determined. The cavity's diameter is determined to the twice of dielectric resonator? diameter considering the conductor loss. The resonant frequency of the DR cavity is calculated with non decaying mode analysis. Conventionally, cylindrical dielectric resonator is analysed by Cohn's model which use the decaying mode in the region between dielectric resonator wall and circular cavity wall, which is an approximated method. The external quality factor, $Q_{ex}$ has found with simulation result using Ansoft's Maxwell simulation tool. The designed filter using dielectric resonators with dielectric constant of 45 has the passband center at 5.065GHz. The bandpass filter using dielectric resonators has about 1dB insertion loss, 20MHz bandwidth and more than 30dB attenuation at $f_0+15MHz$.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.210-221
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• 2015

The terrain features and surface characteristics are the most important elements not only in meteorological modeling but also in air quality modeling. The diurnal evolution of local climate over complex terrain may be significantly controlled by the ground irregularities. Such topographic features can affect a thermally driven flow, either directly by causing changes in the wind direction or indirectly, by inducing significant variations in the ground temperature. Over a complex terrain, these variations are due to the nonuniform distribution of solar radiation, which is highly determined by the ground geometrical characteristics, i.e. slope and orientation. Therefore, the accuracy of prediction of regional scale circulation is strong associated with the accuracy of land-use and topographic information in meso-scale circulation assessment. The objective of this work is a numerical simulation using MM5-A2C model with the detailed topography and land-use information as the surface boundary conditions of the air flow field in mountain regions. Meteorological conditions estimated by MM5-A2C command a great influence on the dispersion of mountain areas with the reasonable feature of topography where there is an important difference in orographic forcing.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.59-67
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• 2016

In this paper, we perform a numerical analysis to evaluate the potential of fault reactivation during gas production from hydrate bearing sediments and the moment magnitude of induced seismicity. For the numerical analysis, sequential coupling of TOUGH+Hydrate and FLAC3D was used and the change in effective stress and consequent geomechanical deformation including fault reactivation was simulated by assuming that Mohr-Coulomb shear resistance criterion is valid. From the test production simulation of 30 days, we showed that pore pressure reduction as well as effective stress change hardly induces the fault reactivation in the vicinity of a production well. We also investigated the influence of stress state conditions to a fault reactivation, and showed that normal fault stress regime, where vertical stress is relatively greater than horizontal, may have the largest potential for the reactivation. We tested one simulation that earthquake can be induced during gas production and calculated the moment magnitude of the seismicity. Our calculation presented that all the magnitudes from the calculation were negative values, which indicates that induced earthquakes can be grouped into micro-seismic and as small as hardly perceived by human beings. However, it should be noted that the current simulation was carried out using the highly simplified geometric model and assumptions such that the further simulations for a scheduled test production and commercial scale production considering complex geometric conditions may produce different results.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2017

Simulating the clumping and stiffness of wet hair or fur is a challenging problem. The dynamics of wet hair or fur is characterized by the clumping and stiffness at the tip, which is easily seen in running animals or headbanging scenes. Existing methods address these phenomenon within pre-set scenarios. But there is no consensus on the method of depicting the details of wet hair. Hence, the present paper proposes a new method of modeling the clumping and stiffness of wet hair or fur. Previous studies focused on modeling the absorption of water into hair or fur, whereas this paper highlights a realistic simulation of wet hair. Unlike dry hair strands, wet hair strands adjacent to one another are subjected to the clumping force and gather together, while at the same time becoming stiff as the saturation of water increases. The proposed method builds on the surface tension model based on SPH (smoothed particle hydrodynamics) to simulate the clumping force and to adjust the hair elasticity by giving stiffness constraints. The present method enables a realistic simulation of wet hair by maintaining the clumping force of the wet hair even in dynamic motions, and by simulating the stiffness of hair in line with water saturation.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.38 no.9
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• pp.925-932
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• 2014

If a rotor possesses a high gyroscopic coupling or the running speed is high, the dynamical changes in the rotor become prominent. When active magnetic bearings are used to support such rotors, it is necessary for the bearing controller to take these dynamical changes into consideration. Independent-axis controllers, which are the most commonly used, modulate the bearing force solely based on the sensor output of the same axis. However, this type of controller has difficulties in overcoming the dynamical changes. On the other hand, mixed-axis controllers transform the sensor output into components corresponding to the vibrational modes. A separate controller can then be designed for each vibrational mode. In this way, the controller can be designed based on the dynamics of the rotor. In this paper, we describe a design process for a mixed-axis controller that uses a detailed mathematical model of the system. The performance of the controller is evaluated based on the ISO sensitivity requirements and unbalance response, while considering the change in the system dynamics due to the running speed.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1239-1248
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• 2004

The methylotrophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha has been extensively studied as a model organism for methanol metabolism and peroxisome biogenesis. Recently, this yeast has also attracted attention as a promising host organism for recombinant protein production. Here, we describe the fabrication and evaluation of a DNA chip spotted with 382 open reading frames (ORFs) of H. polymorpha. Each ORF was PCR-amplified using gene-specific primer sets, of which the forward primers had 5'-aminolink. The PCR products were printed in duplicate onto the aldehyde-coated slide glasses to link only the coding strands to the surface of the slide via covalent coupling between amine and aldehyde groups. With the partial genome DNA chip, we compared efficiency of direct and indirect cDNA target labeling methods, and found that the indirect method, using fluorescent-labeled dendrimers, generated a higher hybridization signal-to-noise ratio than the direct method, using cDNA targets labeled by incorporation of fluorescence-labeled nucIeotides during reverse transcription. In addition, to assess the quality of this DNA chip, we analyzed the expression profiles of H. polymorpha cells grown on different carbon sources, such as glucose and methanol, and also those of cells treated with the superoxide­generating drug, menadione. The profiles obtained showed a high-level induction of a set of ORFs involved in methanol metabolism and oxidative stress response in the presence of methanol and menadione, respectively. The results demonstrate the sensitivity and reliability of our arrays to analyze global gene expression changes of H. polymorpha under defined environmental conditions.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.7-20
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• 1995

Taurine, a ${\beta}-amino$ acid, plays an important role as a neuromodulator and is necessary for the normal development of the brain. Since de novo synthesis of taurine in the brain is minimal and in vivo studies suggest that taurine dose not cross the blood-brain barrier, we examined whether the choroid plexus, the blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier, plays a role in taurine transport in the central nervous system. The uptake of $[^3H]-taurine$ into ATP depleted choroid plexus from rabbit was substantially greater in the presence of an inwardly directed $Na^+$ gradient taurine accumulation was negligible. A transient in side-negative potential gradient enhanced the $Na^+-driven$ uptake of taurine into the tissue slices, suggesting that the transport process is electrogenic, $Na^+-driven$ taurine uptake was saturable with an estimated $V_{max}$ of $111\;{\pm}\;20.2\;nmole/g/15\;min$ and a $K_M\;of\;99.8{\pm}29.9\;{\mu}M$. The estimated coupling ratio of $Na^+$ and taurine was $1.80\;{\pm}\;0.122.$ $Na^+-dependent$ taurine uptake was significantly inhibited by ${\beta}-amino$ acids, but not by ${\alpha}-amino$ acids, indicating that the transporter is selective for ${\beta}-amino$ acids. Since it is known that the physiological concentration of taurine in the CSF is lower than that in the plasma, the active transport system we characterized may face the brush border (i.e., CSF facing) side of the choroid plexus and actively transport taurine out of the CSF. Therefore, we examined in vivo elimination of taurine from the CSF in the rat to determine whether elimination kinetics of taurine from the CSF is consistent with the in vitro study. Using a stereotaxic device, cannulaes were placed into the lateral ventricle and the cisterna magna of the rat. Radio-labelled taurine and inulin (a marker of CSF flow) were injected into the lateral ventricle, and the concentrations of the labelled compounds in the CSF were monitored for upto 3 hrs in the cisterna magna. The apparent clearance of taurine from CSF was greater than the estimated CSF flow (p<0.005) indicating that there is a clearance process in addition to the CSF flow. Taurine distribution into the choroid plexus was at least 10 fold higher than that found in other brain areas (e. g., cerebellum, olfactory bulb and cortex). When unlabelled taurine was co-administered with radio-labelled taurine, the apparent clearance of taurine was reduced (p<0.0l), suggesting a saturable disposition of taurine from CSF. Distribution of taurine into the choroid plexus, cerebellum, olfactory bulb and cortex was similarly diminished, indicating that the saturable uptake of taurine into these tissues is responsible for the non-linear disposition. A pharmacokinetic model involving first order elimination and saturable distribution described these data adequately. The Michaelis-Menten rate constant estimated from in vivo elimination study is similar to that obtained in the in vitro uptake experiment. Collectively, our results demonstrate that taurine is transported in the choroid plexus via a $Na^+-dependent,saturable$ and apparently ${\beta}-amino$ acid selective mechanism. This process may be functionally relevant to taurine homeostasis in the brain.