• Journal of Korea Trade
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.153-166
• /
• 2023

Purpose - This research empirically analyzes the influence of economic policy uncertainty and free trade agreements (FTAs) on bilateral trade volumes between Korea and its trading partners. The study investigates whether fluctuations in the Economic Policy Uncertainty Index (EPUI) for both Korea and its trading partners significantly impact trade volumes and whether the implementation of FTAs mitigates these effects. Design/methodology - The study employs dynamic panel data analysis using the system generalized method of moments (system GMM) estimation method to achieve its research objectives. It utilizes country-month-level panel data, including the EPUI, trade volume between Korea and its trading partner countries, and other pertinent variables. The use of system GMM allows for the control of potential endogeneity issues and the incorporation of country-specific and time-specific effects. Findings - The analysis yields significant results regarding the impact of economic policy uncertainty on Korea's exports and imports, particularly before the implementation of FTAs. An increase in the EPUI of trading partners leads to a notable increase in Korea's exports to them. Conversely, an increase in Korea's EPUI negatively affects its imports from trading partners. However, post-FTA implementation, the influence of each country's EPUI on trade volume is neutralized, with no significant difference observed. Originality/value - This research contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence on the interaction effects between economic policy uncertainty and FTAs on bilateral trade volumes. The study's uniqueness lies in its examination of how FTAs mitigate the impact of economic uncertainty on trade relations between countries. The findings underscore the importance of trade agreements as mechanisms to address economic risks and promote international trade relations. In a world where global market uncertainties persist, these insights can aid policymakers in Korea and other countries in enhancing their trade cooperation strategies and navigating challenges posed by evolving economic landscapes.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.24 no.7
• /
• pp.87-100
• /
• 2024

Modern logistics significantly influences the globalization and internationalization processes. Logistics systems are becoming increasingly important in today's rapidly changing environment. On the other hand, the development of global economic integration, business globalization contributes to the creation and development of international logistics systems and global supply chains towards the international market. The aim of the article was to investigate the national logistics systems of developing countries in the context of their integration capabilities. The main methods used in this study are statistical analysis, index, graphical and analytical methods, methods for estimating structural dynamic shifts, comparisons. Commonly used methods of economic research, as well as statistical analysis and interstate comparisons, economic modelling (trend analysis to determine the forecast level of LPI for Ukraine), etc. were also involved. It is noted that the problem of development of logistics systems in developing countries was insufficiently covered in scientific research. The study suggests that the integration capabilities of national logistics systems are determined by the logistics performance of each country and the favourable logistics environment for integration transformations. This allowed analysing the state of the logistics systems of Poland, Bulgaria, India and Ukraine, and identifying the factors that determine it. The logistics environment of Poland, Bulgaria, India and Ukraine, as well as the factors of its formation are evaluated. The components of the logistic portrait of the country in the context of integration capabilities of the logistic system are offered. Trend analysis of LPI was carried out on the example of Ukraine, which showed positive trends in the logistics system and allowed drawing conclusions about increasing integration into international logistics channels based on its geopolitical location, improving the characteristics of the logistics environment, including customs regulation, and improving the efficiency of the national logistics system. Prospects for further research involve studies of the impact of pandemics, globalization, digitalization on logistics systems, including that of developing countries.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.10 no.5
• /
• pp.781-795
• /
• 2024

In recent years, the semiconductor industry has shifted to the nanoscale, gaining importance in various fields. This study analyzes the technology competition among 38 major players in the area of atomic layer deposition (ALD) technology, which plays a pivotal role in the development of nanotechnology in semiconductors. To do so, we analyzed inter-firm, inter-country, and inter-sector competitiveness based on 6,414 ALD patents registered with patent offices in major countries over 21 years. To measure competitiveness, we used two-dimensional patent maps that combine patent indicators such as patent entry time, patent growth rate, patent share, RTA, PII, and PFS indexes, and related patent indicators. The study reveals new facts about patent competition and technology catch-up at the firm, subsector, and country levels, with practical implications.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
• /
• 2006.11a
• /
• pp.11-16
• /
• 2006

It appraises that use an indoor noise standard, a NC value which is a noise appraisal, a dB(A) value, a N value in foreign country because it doesn't yet ready an appraisal standard in domestic. Also, It appraises that the supply and drainage noise which could change water supply pressure, $4kg/cm^2,\;3kg/cm^2,\;2kg/cm^2,\;1.5kg/cm^2,\;1kg/cm^2$, bring about a noise and inquires how does noise level indicates according to each instruments. In case of a water supply pressure standard, $3kg/cm^2$, a C-605is $3{\sim}5dB(A)$ lower than another instruments in directly overhead stories. It appears that all of them is similar to level in directly under level except c-407(2)Analyzed the NC value, c-605is the lowest level, NC-50, of a water supply pressure, $4.0kg/cm^2$, c-407 is the highest level, NC-55.(3) In case of N value, which is one of water supply methods in Japan, it is the lowest level, N-55, of a water supply pressure, $4.0kg/cm^2$ same as NC value and C-407is the highest level, N-60.(4) In case of water supply that is likely to noise level, It appears 6dB(A) level gap each instruments, and C-605 is the lowest level, 63.9dB(A).

• Convergence Security Journal
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.61-69
• /
• 2022

When a large-scale cyber attack or terrorism occurs and the country suffers enormous damage or poses a fatal threat to security, social interest in nurturing cybersecurity workforce increases. In addition, the government often suggests policies and guideline to train cybersecurity workforce. However, the system that can systematically manage trained cyber workforce after they are employed in related organizations or companies is still weak. Software workforce has a standardized qualification level model, so appropriate jobs are set and managed for each level. Cyber workforce also need a specialized qualification level model that takes into account their career, academic background, and education&training performance. By assigning a qualification level, the duties that can be performed for each level should be set, and the position and duty of the department should also be assigned in consideration of the level. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a qualification level model for cyber security workforce.

• The Journal of the Korean life insurance medical association
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.135-142
• /
• 1985

For the past 10 years, the socioeconomic status of our country was markedly improved. Accordingly, our foodintake patterns and other alt parts are preparing to blance with developed countries. Especially, be westernizing or improving our foodintake patterns, we intake much fat diet(animal food) while our physical activities decrease and alcohol consumtion's population, smoking population gradually increase. For such reasons, the population of obese tendency and cardiovascular diseases are increased. According to recent reports, among all death causes in our country, cardiovascular diseases(hypertension, hypertensive cardiovascular diseases, ischemic heart diseases) occupyd top rank, we know. I(the author) studied the inter-relation between serum cholesterol level which is the important factor of the cardiovascular diseases and essential hypertension liver diseases, hyperglycemia, some cardiac problems which are main decline causes in life insurance's medical assessment, and body weight distribution. Studied samples were selected on 4,313 cases(male; 1,791, female; 2,522) who were tested liver function test from June, 11th, 1980 to Dec., 31st, 1983 on our medical department's laboratory. I selected two groups in those cases: one group was serum cholesterol level 180mg/dl over(11% of whole LFT examed cases: No=502 cases), the other group was serum cholesterol level 120-160mg/dl(No= 502 cases). For convenience, the group of serum cholesterol level 180mg/dl over was "A" the other group was "B", I described. All examed persons of LFT were resident m Tae-Jon city in that time. On the result, 1) Decline rate is 10.5% on the "A" group, 5.9% on the "B" group. "A" group reveals 1.8 times higher than "B" group. 2) On decline causes, Essential hypertension is 4.0 times higher on the "A" group than "B", liver function's abnormalities are 2.0 times higher on "A" group than "B" and other diseases are same on "A" and "B". On the "A" group, essential hypertension is considerably higher than "B" group. 3) On the body weight distribution, the cases of 70kg(B.W.) over is 19.7% on "A", 10.6% on "B" group. Obese tendency is 1.8 folds higher on "A" group than "B" group. Studing the result, we find high serum cholesterol concentration is closely related with essential hypertension, obese tendency and liver function's abnormalities on the life insurance's medical examination part, also. On the future, we will more carefully consider the serum cholesterol concentration on our medical examnination and assessment of life insurance, I think.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.31-44
• /
• 2018

Purpose: This study aims to examine the research output in the field of nursing at the global level during the last two decades, viz., for the period 1996-2015, with special reference to India. Some of the aspects examined include the research growth in nursing literature during the period of study, leading nursing research countries at the regional and global level, and citation analysis. Scope and Methodology: This study is global in nature, but emphasis has also been laid on India's research contribution in nursing at the global level. Aspects like regional contribution to the nursing research output have also been assessed. This study is purely based on secondary data retrieved from SCImago Journal and Country Rankings. The figures in the study are based on one particular database and are not exhaustive; hence they simply reflect a trend in nursing research at the global level. Findings: During the period 1996 through 2015, a total of 550,490 research articles were published across the world by 212 nation states at an average of 2,596 articles from each individual country. On average, during the period of study, the number of nursing research publications grew at the rate of 7.36% each year. North America has emerged as one of the leading nursing research continents of the world by publishing 218,614 research articles, constituting 39.71% of the global nursing research output. The U.S. and U.K. are the world's two leading nursing research countries, which contributed 193,819 and 61,730 research articles respectively, comprising a 35.21% and 11.21% share of global nursing research output. India and China, apart from being the two fastest growing nursing research countries, have the potential to meet the global human resource demand in the field of nursing, given the skilled and trained human resource both these countries possess in nursing. Social Implication: There is always a need to share working knowledge in some professions and nursing is one of them. There cannot be a better medium than linking practice with theory through the research medium. Metric studies in turn help to get a better idea about the amount of work done in any given field at the national and international level, thus identifying the need thereof to improve upon those areas where there is research lag.

• International Area Studies Review
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.101-121
• /
• 2018

This paper studies the influence of multinational R&D Labs' expansion motives on their business performance and the mediating effect of the level of control on this motive-performance relationship. Through an in-depth study of the relevant literature, the expansion motives can be divided into four general types. The first is called a market factor in the sense that the purpose of their expansion is to secure potential markets and customers in China. The second is called a resource factor; their purpose is to obtain excellent technology and a workforce from the country. The third is called an institution factor. An example is the case of R&D Labs advancing into China to make the best of its institutional advantages such as the government's benefits, related policies, and incentive articles. The last is called a strategic factor and indicates the case where they go into China for the purpose of competing in the market, considering it as a major strategic place. The companies' control level on their R&D Labs was measured for each item. According to the empirical analysis on the relevance of their control level and expansion motives, it turns out that giving a free hand to the Labs which pursue market, institutional, and strategic factors is more desirable than highly controlling them. This is because they should be familiar with the local business environment in consideration of those companies' objectives. In light of the mediating effects of the control level on expansion motives and business performance, the R&D Labs pursuing resource factors seem to need their headquarters' control to make the best use of the high-end technology obtained in the country. The companies pursuing strategic factors seem to hold a dominant position and perform more competitively when their headquarters control the Labs more tightly.

• The Journal of Bigdata
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2022

In the global era, the importance of imported food safety management is increasing. Address information of overseas food companies is key information for imported food safety management, and must be verified for prompt response and follow-up management in the event of a food risk. However, because each country's address system is different, one verification system cannot verify the addresses of all countries. Also, the purpose of address verification may be different depending on the field used. In this paper, we deal with the problem of classifying a given overseas food business address into the administrative district level of the country. This is because, in the event of harm to imported food, it is necessary to find the administrative district level from the address of the relevant company, and based on this trace the food distribution route or take measures to ban imports. However, in some countries the administrative district level name is omitted from the address, and the same place name is used repeatedly in several administrative district levels, so it is not easy to accurately classify the administrative district level from the address. In this study we propose a deep learning-based administrative district level classification model suitable for this case, and verify the actual address data of overseas food companies. Specifically, a method of training using a label powerset in a multi-label classification model is used. To verify the proposed method, the accuracy was verified for the addresses of overseas manufacturing companies in Ecuador and Vietnam registered with the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, and the accuracy was improved by 28.1% and 13%, respectively, compared to the existing classification model.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.7 no.12
• /
• pp.245-254
• /
• 2020

This study investigates the impact of the country's governance on the revenue efficiency in the banking sectors of 42 Islamic banks in 15 countries offering Islamic banking and financial services. Technical efficiencies of individual Islamic banks were analyzed using the Data Envelopment Analysis method. The Ordinary Least Square estimation method is employed to examine the impact of country supervision and regulation on the technical efficiency of Islamic banks. With robustness check, the study assesses the impact of bank regulations and supervision on the efficiency of Islamic banks operating in different regions. The empirical findings suggest that supervisory power, activity restrictions, and private monitoring positively influence the efficiency of Islamic banks. On the other hand, we observe a negative impact of capital requirement on Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries. The findings indicate that supervisory power, activity restrictions, and private monitoring positively influence the efficiency of Islamic banks in Asia, but vice versa on capital requirement in MENA countries. This study will contribute to the body of knowledge by assessing the types of reforms in bank regulations and supervision that work best for Islamic banks in order to increase the level of efficiency and the level of regulations and supervision of Islamic banks.