• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.1-11
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• 2009

This study was intended to look into the actual status of using their own traditional clothes, by Korean and Japanese female college students, and to compare the differences of their perceptions about the traditional clothes of their own and the other countries, and thus to present the ways beneficial for Korean female college students to establish their positive recognition toward traditional clothes. For the study, the questionnaire method was used, by which a total of 375 sheets was collected; Frequency analysis and t-test were conducted with a SPSS 12.0 statistic program. The findings were as follows; Korean female college students, in comparison with their Japanese counterparts, owned less traditional clothes suitable and wearable for their body, and so they had a less number of wearing and renting experiences. In addition, they indicated a low level of realization about the suitability of traditional clothes to the wearers in their 10's, 20's and 30's. While they thought highly of their traditional clothes in the item of 'pride,' they had a low level of recognition in the item of 'knowledge,' and they considered the traditional clothes to be inconvenient. Korean college students revealed a lower level of favorable interest in the other country, but they had a higher level of evaluation for the items of 'design applicability' and 'popularity' than the Japanese college students did.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.245-254
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• 2021

This paper examines the impact of corporate governance strength on capital structure in an emerging country, namely, Jordan, by constructing a corporate governance score that captures both internal monitoring mechanisms (foreign ownership and institutional ownership) and external monitoring mechanism (audit fees). In addition, this study uses profitability as control variable. This paper uses data of non-financial companies (industrial and services) of 87 listed firms on Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) from 2011 to 2019. Using the random-effects generalized least square (GLS) regression model, the findings reveal that foreign ownership significantly and negatively influences the level leverage, while institutional ownership has a positive and insignificant association with level leverage. Further, audit fees have a positive and strong significant association with level leverage in Jordan. In addition, profitability has a positive and significant association with leverage. These outcomes suggest that foreign ownership should be encouraged in listed companies as it can replace the weakness of other corporate governance mechanisms in Jordan. The outcomes of the current study should be of great interest to regulators and policy-makers. The results, which are robust to a range of alternative proxies and to additional tests, provide new insights into the determinants of level leverage.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.362-368
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• 2022

The main purpose of the article is to study the key aspects of the use of modern technologies to ensure economic security in the context of achieving high efficiency of public administration.The economic security of the country is a multi-level system, the structure of which is determined by the peculiarities of the structure and key development priorities both in the regional aspect and nationally. The fundamental role of economic security is realized through a set of goals and objectives that are achieved in the process of ensuring it, among the main ones is the effective, dynamic and progressive development of the economy, which is impossible without the development of innovations. The essence of ensuring economic security from the standpoint of innovative development lies in the development of innovations that can increase the level of competitiveness of the state-level economic system, which necessitated an analysis of the conditions and dynamics of innovation development. As a result of the study, the basic aspects of the implementation of modern technologies were analyzed in the context of achieving high efficiency in public administration.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.29-33
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• 2010

For last 10 years, there are big progress and many efforts in the development of HTS power equipments by some country including South Korea. Especially HTS cable system is the strongest candidate among them from the viewpoint of applying to real grid, because of the feature of it, compact and large capacity. In South Korea, transmission level 154kV, the world top voltage class, HTS cable system was installed and has been tested in KEPCO Gochang Underground Cable Test Field since the early of 2010 in order to meet test requirements made by KEPCO, the only grid company in South Korea. The type test of it will be completed by October 2010 and subsequently long-term load cycle test will be performed during 6 months. Also in the near future, KEPCO has a plan to demonstrate transmission level HTS cable system in real grid, in order to meet practical requirements and confirm the feasibility of it. This paper says the test plan of transmission level 154kV HTS cable system and the way how to test it.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.101-118
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• 2020

This study aims to quantify the effects of non-tariff measures (NTMs) on exports in the Korean manufacturing industry. To do this, we employ product-level export data that includes information about whether or not a product is affected by NTMs. One of the main results is that NTMs (SPS/TBT) on average led to reduction in Korean exports. However, the effects of NTMs differed depending on the income level of the NTM-imposing country. The NTMs imposed by high-income countries, such as U.S.A. and Japan, were found to impede Korean exports, whereas the export effect of NTMs imposed by low-income countries such as China was found to not be statistically significant. In addition, the results analyzed based across industries, income level, and types of NTMs are as follows. First, NTMs imposed on textile-related products generally hindered exports regardless of the type of NTMs, but its negative impact on exports was noticeable in the case of NTMs originating from high-income countries. On the other hand, chemical product-related NTMs were found to lead to an increase in Korean exports, and it had a positive effect in the case of SPS imposed by low-income countries. In other industries except for textile- and chemical-related products, the effects of NTMs on exports were either statistically insignificant or showed inconsistent patterns.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.2351-2357
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• 2013

An index was developed for analyzing the promising countries for seawater desalination plant and related data sets were collected and analyzed. Each indicators was standardized by scale readjustment method and Delphi method was used to calculate the weights for indicators from questionnaire survey by experts in seawater desalination plant field. Twenty three indicators were selected and they were classified into three groups, economic, social, and environmental indicator groups. Eleven countries (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Kuwait, Iran, Qatar, China, Singapore, India, Algeria, Turkey, United States) were selected considering present data availability and index for each country was calculated. The results show United States and China took the first (0.537) and second (0.490) place for the most promising country for seawater desalination plant. However it will not be easy to play a significant role in the markets because of present seawater desalination technology level and national policy, etc. Saudi Arabia took the third (0.329) place and other countries which has more than 0.2 index value can be considered as a promising countries for seawater desalination plant. We can establish a strategy to export our seawater desalination technology and plant using the result of this study. The developed index can be applied to other countries, which were not included in this study, when their data is available.

• Interdisciplinary Bio Central
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.2.1-2.7
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• 2014

Sexual dimorphism in intelligence suggests that this phenotype is a sexually selected trait. This view is supported by an overrepresentation (compared to the autosomal genome) of genes affecting cognition on the X chromosome. The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that sexual selection can explain sex and country-level differences in performance on tests of fluid intelligence. Nationally representative samples from N = 44 countries were obtained from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) Creative Problem Solving (CPS), which evaluates the core of intelligence, that is novel problem solving ability. Sexual selection has the double effect of increasing the prevalence of a favored phenotype and reducing genetic variation in sexually selected traits. Matching these predictions from evolutionary theory, the average country fluid intelligence is positively correlated to sexual dimorphism after partialling out per capita GDP and the latter in turn is inversely correlated to variance in intelligence scores within populations. Males have a higher variance than females but there is a negative correlation between male-female difference in variance and sexual dimorphism in intelligence, suggesting that selection reduces variance more in the selected sex. Average country male height is negatively correlated to sexual dimorphism in intelligence, a fact that supports the notion of a trade-off between physical and intellectual competition in the context of access to females. The results of this study, if replicated, imply that genome-wide association studies of cognition may benefit from a focus on sex chromosomes, which so far have been neglected. Another implication of this study is that intelligence has continued to evolve after different human populations migrated out of Africa and possibly up to the 19th century, as suggested by the substantial variability in sex differences even between neighbouring countries.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.1293-1314
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• 2015

As ICT is becoming a major social infrastructure, the need to strengthen cyber capabilities are emerging. In the major advanced countries including the United States, has a continuing interest in strengthening cyber capabilities and has studied in enhancements of cyber capabilities. The cyber capability assessment is necessary in order to determine the current level of the country, establish policy directions and legislations. The selection of criteria has very important meaning to suggest future policy direction as well as an objective assessment of cybersecurity capabilities. But there are variable criteria for national cyber capabilities assessment such as strategy, legislation, technology, society and culture, and human resources. In this paper we perform the analysis of criteria for the other country's cybersecurity assessments including the U.S. and Europe. And we proposed the criteria for the national cybersecurity assessment reflecting the our country's characteristics.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.410-417
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• 2009

South Korea had experienced the great of sports since entered in advanced country group. International sports game such as Olympic developed nation. Sports is intermediate that improve Korean public information level in community of nations. It's difficult to find another contents. Also, sports is important means between south and north Korea in branch situation. Sports is expected to practical improvement of country more than ever. In this way, sports had become real means of nation development. Therefore, social effort about promotion of sports need to be engaged in continuous and various form. This research proposed legal improvement for safety promotion of sports equipment. Sports facilities utilization activation may be ended by country sports competitive power.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.69-76
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the effectiveness of Offcial Development Assistance (ODA) in recipient countries' economy. ODA is designed to mitigate poverty and stimulate economic growth in the developing countries. We classify total ODA into bilateral ODA and multilateral ODA depending on the number of donor countries. If the ODA flows from one donor country to one recipient country, it is classified as bilateral ODA. If the multiple countries simultaneously become donor countries through the international organizations such as United Nations and World Bank, it is classified as multilateral ODA. This paper compares the effect of bilateral ODA and multilateral ODA in determining recipient countries' economic development, and tries to provide policy implications to Korean ODA. Research design, data, and methodology - Our primary explanatory variables are bilateral and multilateral ODA. Private credit in recipient countries is adopted as additional explanatory variables to capture the level of financial development in recipient countries. We measure the ODA effectiveness using economic growth and quality of life of the recipient countries as the dependent variable. We collect 142 recipient countries' data from OECD statistics, during the period from 1970-2014. Panel least squares estimation with country fixed effect is employed as the empirical model. Results - Our results support that ODA variable has a negatively significant impact on recipient countries' economic growth, while it is positively correlated with human development index. Recipient countries' private credit is positively correlated with economic growth and human development index. The interaction variable of ODA and financial development turns out to be significant in general. We find that the positive effect of ODA depends on recipient countries' financial market development and this effect is stronger in multilateral aid than bilateral one. Conclusions - From the analysis, we have confirmed that the recipient countries financial development is the necessity condition to achieve positive effect of ODA. Based on these results, we suggest that Korean government should increase the share of multilateral funding and pay attention to recipient countries' financial market development to maximize the effectiveness of ODA.