• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.101-105
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• 2006

본 연구는 볏짚을 이용한 느타리버섯 균상재배를 할 때 볏짚을 결속하고 절단하는 과정에서 많은 노동시간이 소요되어 이를 개선하고자 수행되었다. 볏짚과 폐면의 이화학적 성분은 다소차이가 있으나 폐면에서 C/N율은 84~85로 볏짚과 유사하여 혼합재료로 사용이 가능하다. 양파망 규격은 $35{\times}30cm$, 볏짚과 폐면의 배합비는 40:60(V/V)으로 하였을 때 6주기기간동안 평균수량이 양파망 1개당 1.450g 이였다. 배지재료를 준비하는 기간은 양파망재배가 볏짚 재재보다 3일정도 기간을 절감할 수 있었고 접종도 4시간정도 절략되어 전체적으로 3.5일정도 시간을 절략 5%의 경제적 이득이 있는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 복식
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.97-112
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• 2001

The purposes of this study were to investigate consumers preference and dissatisfied factors in knitted golf wear The 430 questionnaires were sent to consumers who live in the Seoul Metropolitan district including Pundang-city and Iisan-city, The return rate was 89.5%. Statistical devices were t-test, ANOVA, $X$2. frequency with SAS program. The results of this study were as follows: First, Preferred colors were pastel, straw yellow, and black in descending order. Preferred coordination was analogous rather than complementary coordination. The classical look with T-neck, pullover, and V-neck was preferred. The preferred materials were pure cotton and cotton/wool blend in solid colors or plain and intasia structure. There were significant differences that pure cotton was preferred the forties and fifties or housewife, and cotton blend was preferred the thirties or service jobholders. Second, dissatisfied factors were pilling, deformation and de-coloration. The pilling problem was indicated in all income levels. Customers complained about no exchange and no refund policy with sales persons'discourtesy and time delay for repairing.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.354-359
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• 1992

P.sajor-caju의 균사체 생장에 oil 첨가효과를 검토한 결과 대부분의 식물성 oil 에서 좋은 결과를 보였으며, 그 중 cotton seed oil을 배지 100ml에 2.5ml 첨가하였을 때 균체량이 무첨가구에 비하여 약 4배정도 이었다. 자실체 생산 기질로 농산 및 산업폐기물인 볏짚, 땅콩박, 왕겨, 톱밥 ,코코아박, 맥주박, 커피박 등을 사용한 결과 볏짚의 biological efficiency(B.E.)가 36.4%였으며 땅콩박은 32.6%로 나타났다. 또한 볏짚(50%)과 맥주박(50%)을 혼합하였을 경우 B.E가 109.6%로 최고치를 나타냈으며 땅콩박(50%)과 맥주박(50%)을 혼합하였을 경우에도 B.E.가 74.5%로 높은 수확량을 나타내었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.1388-1393
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• 2000

The present study was conducted to examine the feasibility of utilising bamboo (Bambusa arundinacea) shoot shell (BSS) in ruminants. Chemical composition, rumen degradability and some antinutritional compounds were determined for fresh and boiled BSSs to evaluate its feed value and safety. Thirty-two Holstein heifers were allocated to four groups and used to investigate the response in growth rate to supplementing ammoniated rice straw with fresh shell (phase 1) or silage of boiled BSS (phase 2). All animals were offered ammoniated straw ad libitum with 1kg of cotton seed meal (phase 1) or 0.5 kg of cotton seed meal and 0.5 kg of concentrate mixture (phase 2) per head per day. The BSS was supplemented at levels of 0, 3, 6 or 9 kg/d (phase 1) and 0, 5, 10 or 15 kg/d (phase 2) (as fed basis). The BSS was very high in moisture content, and its contents of crude protein and neutral detergent fiber were 13~16% DM and 65~76% DM, respectively; boiling resulting in higher moisture and protein. No hydrocyanic acid was detected in both BSSs and content of tannins was negligible. Rumen degradability of BSS was reasonably high, and with boiling the rapidly degradable fraction decreased, and potentially degradable component increased. Silage of the boiled BSS was slightly lower in both rapidly and slowly degraded fractions than the fresh BSS. Animals consumed all supplemented BSSs without any adverse health problems. Intake of ammoniated straw decreased with the increasing levels of BSS, but total intake was higher in almost all supplementary groups than in the non-BSS. Heifers had a higher growth rate in phase 1 with fresh BSS than in phase 2 with ensiled shell, and daily weight gains were 622, 629, 744 or 690 g in phase 1, and 578, 575, 677 or 635 g in phase 2 at four BSS levels, respectively. For both phases growth rate was significantly higher for the animals in groups 3 and 4 than those in groups 1 and 2 (p<0.01), with little difference between groups 1 and 2 (p>0.05) but significant difference between groups 3 and 4 (p<0.05). Supplementation with BSS also resulted in an improved feed conversion rate, with the least concentrate consumption in group 3 for both phases. It is concluded that the BSS has a high potential nutritional value as indicated by its medium protein content, reasonably high rumen degradability, and that inclusion of BSS in ammoniated rice straw diet is not only safe to animals, but also may improve growth rate of ruminants and feed conversion rate. It may be disadvantageous to use high amounts of BSS in ammoniated straw diets.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.781-791
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• 2004

Currently, as mordants, heavy metals are being used in dyeing process in order to improve dye uptake and dye fastness. These chemicals, however, are mostly harmful to human body and the environment along with the pollution by effluent. Traditionally, rice straw ash solution, lime, etc. have been used as mordants in order to improve the effects on dye uptake and color fastness of dyestuffs. The study of natural mordants would, therefore, be vital to the development and succession of our traditional dyeing methods. In this study, as a preliminary step toward the use of rice straw ash solution for the nautral dyeing using Caesalpinia sappan, several aluminum compounds were employed as mordants. When the purified aluminum compounds were used, on the basis of unmordanted cotton fabric, the K/S values of the pre-mordanted and simultaneously mordanted fabrics increased by 2 or 3 times, while those of the post-mordanted fabrics decreased.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.299-303
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• 1990

Twenty-four Harnai lambs 6 to 7 month old, weighing $16{\pm}2kg$ were used in a completely randomized design in growth and digestibility trials to study fourwing saltbush ratio supplemented with cotton seed cake. The animal were divided at random into three groups of 8 animals each. Three iso-nitrogenous (10.5% CP) experimental rations (1, 2 and 3) containing wheat straw + lucerne hay (24:76); fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canescens) + cotton seed cake (71:29); and wheat straw + cottonseed cake (41:59); respectively, were allotted to each group randomly. All the animals were taken out for grazing in a dormant native range for about 3 hours in the afternoon during the growth trial. The growth trial lasted for 8 weeks followed by a digestibility trial. At the end of 8 weeks lambs on ration 3 had gained significantly (p<0.10) more weight compared to those on rations 1 and 2 which maintained their body weight. The crude protein digestibility of the fourwing saltbush based ration was comparable with the other two treatments (71 vs 70 and 71%). However, the digestibility of dry matter (41%), acid detergent fibre (13%) and neutral detergent fibre (22%) of this ration was significantly lower (p<0.10) than the other two diets. The results suggest that lambs can be maintained on fourwing saltbush during winter without significant loss in body weight with 30% extra protein concentrate supplementation.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제17권9호통권89호
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• pp.1272-1277
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• 2007

느타리버섯 자실체의 형성과정에서 생육 및 미세구조에 미치는 배지기재의 영향을 검토한 결과, 배지의 종류에 따른 초발이소요일수는 폐면이 5일로 가장 빨랐고 볏짚은 대조와 같이 6일이었다. 볏짚과 폐면에서 생육한 느타리의 경도는 대조의 5715.4 $g/cm^2$에 비해 1/2정도로 낮게 나타났으나 톱밥 단독배지에서 생육한 느타리의 경도는 17067.3 $g/cm^2$으로 3배이상의 높은 경도를 나타내어 톱방이 느타리버섯의 경도에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 생각된다. 배지별 느타리자실체의 갓부위를 관찰한 결과, 톱밥배지의 경우 다른 자실체의 주름으로부터 비산된 담자포자들이 대량으로 떨어져 있는 것이 관찰되었으며, 볏짚배지의 경우 갓낭상체의 발달이 관찰되었으며 폐면에서 생육한 자실체의 갓의 균사와 노화가 다른 처리에 비해 빠르게 진행되어 있는 것이 관찰되었다. 또한, 톱밥 및 폐면에서 생육한 자실체의 갓의 균사의 노화가 다른 처리에 비해 빠르게 진행되어 있는 것이 관찰되었다. 또한, 톱밥 및 폐면에서 생육시킨 느타리자실체의 담자기의 자가분해 및 담자포자 비산이 빠르게 진행되었음을 확인 하였다. 톱밥배지에서 생육시킨 느타리자실체의 대부의 균사의 생육상태는 두꺼운 균사다발이 대부위 전체를 피복한 듯한 형태가 관찰되어 이러한 균사다발층이 대의 경도를 높이는 요인으로 작용했을 것으로 판단되며, 대조군에서는 풍부한 세포질 물질을 갖는 균사들이 관찰된데 반해, 톱밥에서 생육시킨 느타리자실체의 균사는 다른 처리에 비해 착색이 많이 되어 있는 균사와 액포화된 균사의 발달이 두드러짐을 확인하였다.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.141-158
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• 2016

The objective of this study is to examine the type and characteristics of hat, and also to analyze the formative characteristics of hats shown in $Pr{\hat{e}}t-{\grave{a}}$-porter Collection. The literature review focused on the relevant technical books and preceding researches while the case study targeted 1,561 photos of hats shown in the 'Donga TV Collection'. The research range was from the S/S season of 2012 to the F/W season of 2015/16. The results of this study are as follows. 1. A hat is composed of crown and brim. In the results of classifying hats based on it, there were 572 crown-type hats, 533 hat-type, 219 cap-type, 156 irregular-type, and 81 brim-type in the order. 2. For the crown-type hats, they were mainly like cylindrical-type, bell-type, dome-type, and circle-type, using colors like black, beige, brown, red, mustard, and grey, and materials like wool, fur, velvet, straw, and metal while they were decorated with bead or lace. 3. For the hat-type hats, they were mainly like bell-type, ladder-type, and hemisphere-type, using colors like peach, white, gold, brown, and khaki, and materials like silk, cotton, straw, and wool while they were decorated with feather and ribbon. 4. For the cap-type hats, they were mainly like hemisphere-type, using colors like white, black, khaki, mustard, and purple, and materials like fur, leather, and wool while they were decorated with wappen and chain. 5. For the irregular-type hats, they were mainly like sandglass-type, box-type, animal-type, trumpet-type, and bell-type, using colors like purple, orange, pink, yellow, and sky-blue, and materials like metal, feather, mesh, plastic, straw, and linen while they were decorated with ribbon, net, bell, and flower. 6. For the brim-type visor, they were mainly like square-type, using colors like transparent, yellow, and black, and materials like plastic, cotton, leather, and metal.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.1634-1637
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• 2001

Allantoin and uric acid were estimated in milk to study the association between the levels of these purine derivatives and milk production per day under given feeding regimens. Keeping the stage of lactation, parity and initial milk yield in view thirty lactating buffaloes were randomly selected from early lactating group. All the animals were fed 30 kg green, 2 kg straw and 5 kg concentrate mixture on per animal/day basis at basal level up to 8 1 produce. 1 kg concentrate mixture, soaked cotton seed and boiled cotton seed was fed for every 2 I milk, respectively in Group I (control), Group II and Group III animals. Average milk Allantoin and Uric acid levels were $120{\pm}11.7g/ml$ and $4.03{\pm}0.63g/ml$, respectively in milk. Cotton seed feeding enhanced the milk production significantly (p<0.01) in comparison to concentrate mixture fed control group animals. A significant difference (p<0.01) in milk allantoin levels was found over the different feeding management at higher level of production group animals. Study also revealed a significant negative correlation between the milk allantoin and production per day r=-0.43 (p<0.05).

• 한국균학회지
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• 제23권3호통권74호
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• pp.197-201
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• 1995

느타리버섯 재배에 있어서 배지재료로 제지부산물의 사용 가능성을 검토한 결과 배지재료별 화학특성은 제지부산물이 폐면, 볏짚, 왕겨보다 CaO는 많았고, T-C, T-N, $P_2O_5$, MgO는 비슷하였으며 $K_2O$는 현저히 적었다. 균사생장은 혼합처리가 폐면단용보다 생장이 다소 빠르거나 비슷한 경향이었다. 초발이소요일수는 폐면단용보다 혼합처리가 비슷하거나 $1{\sim}2$일 정도 빠른 경향이었다. 배지종류별 수량은 폐면단용에 비해 폐면 10+왕겨 20+제지부산물 70% 처리를 제외하고는 증수되었으며, 특히 계면+제지부산물 30% 혼합처리가 21% 증수되어 가장 우수하였다. 경제성분석결과 폐면단용보다 폐면+제지부산물 30% 혼합처리에서 소득지수가 50% 높게 나타났다.