• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• 2007.11a
• /
• pp.145-150
• /
• 2007

This study is a LCC case analysis on the school one of the BTL projects which is constructed by private organizations and rented to government. According to the RFP to make out documents, it is performed the case analysis based on the results of LCC calculation about maintenance & conservation costs; repairing costs and replacement costs. It is analyzed LCC on maintenance & conservation costs for 20 years(rent period) and 65 years(life cycle). As a result of LCC analysis, about more than 50% of total LCC are architectural works and the rest of them are machinery works, electric works, and civil works in the order. And it is also suggested some problems and their solutions to perform LCC analysis on the current BTL projects of school.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
• /
• v.67
• /
• pp.163-186
• /
• 2015

This study attempts to analyze the trade costs of domestic firms utilizing the FTAs in terms of burden of expenses in managing the rules of origin. In doing so, we classify the managing costs of FTA rules of origin into three categories (that is, (i) ex ante costs from acquiring necessary information and building the infrastructure in the advance stage before the FTAs, (ii) the actual costs of the origin management in the application stage of FTA preferential treatment, (iii) ex post management cost in the preparation stage of origin verification) and perform a survey on the greater details on each category. Using the comprehensive results from the survey regarding domestic firm's use of FTAs, this paper also discusses the issues related to small and medium-sized firms and addresses the concerns involved with their managing costs of FTA rules of origin. Importantly, this paper emphasizes the importance of government supports to reduce inefficiency induced by the additional costs that domestic firms face in their use of FTAs and proposes the various policy implications regarding the managing costs of rules of origin.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.8 no.9
• /
• pp.259-273
• /
• 2008

This study aims to identify of customer features control the effect on revisit intention and switching intention. The statistical techniques used for this empirical analysis are frequency analysis, technology analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis along with path analysis and moderate regression analysis, which are based on structural model From the effect that customer features control the effect on switching barrier by switching intention, travel agencies has a control effect on 'financial switching costs' and 'relational switching costs', and airlines show they have control effect on 'relational switching costs.' In diversity pursuit factors, 'financial switching costs' and 'attractiveness of alternatives' have a meaningful control effect for travel agencies customers, while 'procedural switching costs' for airlines customers. In the analysis result of the effect that customer features control the effect on revisit intention by switching intention, 'percept' and 'diversity pursuit' have a meaningful control effect in travel agencies customers and airlines one, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.84-89
• /
• 2010

In Korea, the method of assessing uninsured costs is not adopted in a direct way, but in an indirect way on the basis of the insured cost. From this method, the cost of accidents can be approximately calculated, but accurate calculation of uninsured costs is not easy. Therefore, a better method of assessing uninsured costs caused by industrial accidents is necessary. In this study, the system program and database for assessing uninsured costs from industrial accidents were developed on the basis of the results of previous studies. This program and database could quantitatively assess uninsured costs more accurately and quickly than other studies. This system would contribute to the efficient analysis of industrial accident costs.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.1-20
• /
• 1998

In this paper, the authors studied a comprehensive study of national physical distribution costs used here was originally developed by J. L. Heskett(1962) and modified in Korean context by Oh-Kyung Kwon(1997). Using this method the authors calculated national physical distribution costs in Korea from 1984 to 1996. Unlke the major industrialized countries, national physical distribution costs in Korea showed continuous increasing trend in every senses. Using this time series data on physical distribution costs, we analysis the inefficiencies in the physical distribution and figured out the sources of these inefficiencies. The major sources of increasing physical distribution costs in Korea were (1) increasing traffic congestion measured by number of automobiles per road-kilometer, (2) increasing real wages, and (3) high interest rates. Especially, alternatives adopted by firms facing increasing traffic congestion were buying more vehicles, which in turn caused more serious congestion ever. This inefficient cycle in physical distribution area should be cut somehow in order to restore national competitiveness of Korean frims by reducing physical distributins costs.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.72-79
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study is to analysis variation of range estimation for maintenance costs of education facilities based on LCC. The adapted research method selected three education facilities in Gyeonggi-Do region. On the basis of actual maintenance costs and analyzed estimation maintenance costs are compared for analyzing standard deviation and coefficient of variation. The research of this study are as follows: 1) The average actual maintenance costs for 1,317million won and each part of average ratio exterior 19%, interior 28%, electricity & fire fighting 22%, water supply & healthy 18%, heating & water supply 13%. 2)The average analysis maintenance costs for 1,920million won and each part of average ratio exterior 20%, interior 25%, electricity & fire fighting 22%, water supply & healthy 20%, heating &water supply 13%.. 3) The analysis variation of ranges for average costs 1,619million won for minimum costs 1,409million, maximum costs 1,813million won.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.183-190
• /
• 2001

Objective : To estimate the annual economic costs attributable to cigarette smoking in Korea. Methods : The costs were classified as being direct medical and non-medical costs, indirect costs and others. We focused on those costs related that are incurred in the treatment of selected diseases (cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, and cancers), which have been proven to be caused by smoking. In addition to the basic costs of treatment, the additional amount of costs occurred due to smoking was obtained by computing the population attributable risk (PAR%) caused by smoking. To compute the PAR%, relative risks of smoking to the number of outpatient visits, hospitalizations, and the death were estimated using the Cox proportional hazard model, respectively. Our major data source was the 'Korea Medical Insurance Corporation (KMIC) cohort study,' which was composed of a total of 115,682 male and 67,932 female beneficiaries who had complete records of their smoking histories in the year of 1992. Results : The annual costs that could be attributable to smoking were estimated to be in the range of 2,847,500 million Won to 3,959,100 million Won. The maximum estimate of 3,959,100 million Won includes 233,100 million Won for medical costs, 5,100 million Won for transportation costs, 27,600 million Won for care giver's economic costs, 69,100 million Won in productivity loss, 3,435,000 million Won lost because of premature death, 172,100 million Won in costs resulting from passive smoke inhalation and 17,100 million Won for costs that resulted from fires that were caused by careless smoking. Conclusion : Our study confirms that the magnitude of the economic burden of smoking to Korean society is substantial. Therefore, this study provides strong evidence that there is a strong need for a national policy of tobacco control in Korea.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.116-143
• /
• 2000

Considerable attention has been devoted in the accounting literature to identify the factors that cause or drive the costs of overhead activities. This paper extends recent cost driver research to the health care provider. In various case studies, it has been suggested that overhead costs are driven by volume and complexity variables. This paper investigates the significance of these variables in determining hospital overhead costs, how they are structurally related and how the cost impacts of these variables can be estimated in practice. This paper analyzes the determinants of hospital costs using the sample of South Korea hospitals for seven year during the period 1952－1997. The paper focuses on the extent to which hospital overhead costs depend on complexity, efficiency in addition to depending on more conventional volume based measures of hospital activity. The results of regression analysis suggest that volume and complexity factors positively and significantly affect overhead costs in the hospital industry. The results show that the complexity-related cost drivers strongly affected on the overhead costs in tile health care provider industry more than manufacturing industry which is mainly affected by volume-related cost drivers. That means each Industry may have different cost structures. Therefore it Is Important to find their proper cost structures and cost drivers and use them. Futhermore identification of overhead or indirect cost drivers is likely to be particularly useful in heath care. The identification of cost drivers can be of benefit to all health care stakeholders because these facilitates more efficient management of the national resources devoted to health care. While this study has documented that the level of service complexity is a significant determinant of hospital overhead costs, caution should be exercised in interpreting this as supportive of the cost accounting procedures associated with ABC. It is an open question whether even a well-designed ABC system will provide suitable proxies for marginal costs for decision making purposes.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.23-34
• /
• 2018

Due to a waste of energy in korea, about 525,000 which are 75 percent of total buildings are at least 15 years old buildings that need remodeling. There are two current remodeling systems. One is a remodeling system to reduce a waste of resources from the reconstruction. The other is a green-remodeling system aimed to energy savings and reducing environmental costs. This study is to analyze quantitatively these current systems with respect to the cost-benefit caused by the life cycle and suggests the political and institutional implications through the interpretation of the results. For a quantitative analysis, we analyzed reducing maintenance costs and rent benefits with simulation by using opportunity costs, construction costs, plan costs and supervision costs as expense variables and using the reduced floor area ratio, institutional incentives, energy, water resources and certified emission reduction(CER) as benefit variables. As a result of the empirical study, the green-modeling was more beneficial in the field of environment such as the energy savings, however, the final benefits of remodeling which has no green building certification costs but more floor area ratio incentives were more economical. The green-remodeling system focused on reducing environmental costs and energy savings needs a equatable institutional incentive system.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.401-414
• /
• 2012

The adoption of Green Frame is expected to provide economic benefits, since construction costs are reduced by the in-situ production of precast concrete column and beam. The cost reduction can ultimately be realized by saving transportation costs and the overhead and profit of PC plants. The cost structure of Green Frame, which is built up using composite precast concrete members, is similar to that of a bearing-wall structure, but the difference in construction process has resulted in some cost differences for a few items. In particular, production and installation is the principal work involved in Green Frame made by precast concrete members, while form and concrete work is the principal work for a bearing-wall structure. As such, the rental time and fee for a tower crane should be compared through time analysis. To verify reliability, this study focused on developed residential projects to estimate the construction costs. Through this analysis, it was found that the costs of Green Frame were 1.57% lower than the costs of bearing-wall structure. The results of this study will help in the development of a management plan for the structural work of Green Frame.